有没有办法隐藏Swift Struct的默认初始化程序？

Question

我有一个名为Parameter的协议：

protocol Parameter {

    var name: String { get }
    var unit: Unit? { get }
    var value: Double { get }

    init(name: String, unit: Unit?, value: Double)

}

我还有16个符合Parameter的结构：

struct Calcium: Parameter {

    var name: String
    var unit: Unit?
    var value: Double

    init(name: String = "Calcium", unit: Unit? = UnitDispersion.partsPerMillion, value: Double) {
        self.name = name
        self.unit = unit
        self.value = value
    }

}

struct Alkalinity: Parameter {

    var name: String
    var unit: Unit?
    var value: Double

    init(name: String = "Alkalinity", unit: Unit? = Unit(symbol: "ppm CaCO3"), value: Double) {
        self.name = name
       self.unit = unit
        self.value = value
    }

} 

struct Salinity: Parameter {

    var name: String
    var unit: Unit?
    var value: Double

    init(name: String = "Salinity", unit: Unit? = Unit(symbol: "SG"), value: Double) {
        self.name = name
        self.unit = unit
        self.value = value
    }

} 

struct Temperature: Parameter {

    var name: String
    var unit: Unit?
    var value: Double

    init(name: String = "Temperature", unit: Unit? = UnitTemperature.fahrenheit, value: Double) {
        self.name = name
        self.unit = unit
        self.value = value
    }

}

struct PH: Parameter {

    var name: String
    var unit: Unit?
    var value: Double

    init(name: String = "pH", unit: Unit? = nil, value: Double) {
        self.name = name
        self.unit = unit
        self.value = value
    }

}

struct Magnesium: Parameter {

    var name: String
    var unit: Unit?
    var value: Double

    init(name: String = "Magnesium", unit: Unit? = UnitDispersion.partsPerMillion, value: Double) {
        self.name = name
        self.unit = unit
        self.value = value
    }

}

struct Phosphate: Parameter {

    var name: String
    var unit: Unit?
    var value: Double

    init(name: String = "Phosphate", unit: Unit? = UnitDispersion.partsPerMillion, value: Double) {
        self.name = name
        self.unit = unit
        self.value = value
    }

}

struct Ammonia: Parameter {

    var name: String
    var unit: Unit?
    var value: Double

    init(name: String = "Ammonia", unit: Unit? = UnitDispersion.partsPerMillion, value: Double) {
        self.name = name
        self.unit = unit
        self.value = value
    }

}

struct Silica: Parameter {

    var name: String
    var unit: Unit?
    var value: Double

    init(name: String = "Silica", unit: Unit? = UnitDispersion.partsPerMillion, value: Double) {
        self.name = name
        self.unit = unit
        self.value = value
    }

}

struct Iodine: Parameter {

    var name: String
    var unit: Unit?
    var value: Double

    init(name: String = "Iodine", unit: Unit? = UnitDispersion.partsPerMillion, value: Double) {
        self.name = name
        self.unit = unit
        self.value = value
    }

}

struct Nitrate: Parameter {

    var name: String
    var unit: Unit?
    var value: Double

    init(name: String = "Nitrate", unit: Unit? = UnitDispersion.partsPerMillion, value: Double) {
        self.name = name
        self.unit = unit
        self.value = value
    }

}

struct Nitrite: Parameter {

    var name: String
    var unit: Unit?
    var value: Double

    init(name: String = "Nitrite", unit: Unit? = UnitDispersion.partsPerMillion, value: Double) {
        self.name = name
        self.unit = unit
        self.value = value
    }

}

struct Strontium: Parameter {

    var name: String
    var unit: Unit?
    var value: Double

    init(name: String = "Strontium", unit: Unit? = UnitDispersion.partsPerMillion, value: Double) {
        self.name = name
        self.unit = unit
        self.value = value
    }

}

struct ORP: Parameter {

    var name: String
    var unit: Unit?
    var value: Double

    init(name: String = "ORP", unit: Unit? = UnitDispersion.partsPerMillion, value: Double) {
        self.name = name
        self.unit = unit
        self.value = value
    }

}

struct Boron: Parameter {

    var name: String
    var unit: Unit?
    var value: Double

    init(name: String = "Boron", unit: Unit? = UnitDispersion.partsPerMillion, value: Double) {
        self.name = name
        self.unit = unit
        self.value = value
    }

}

    struct Iron: Parameter {

        var name: String
        var unit: Unit?
        var value: Double

        init(name: String = "Iron", unit: Unit? = UnitDispersion.partsPerMillion, value: Double) {
            self.name = name
            self.unit = unit
            self.value = value
        }

    }

如您所见，所有结构都实现了相同的初始化程序。在初始化程序中，我为Parameter协议所需的三个参数中的两个提供默认值，这为我提供了以下初始化程序：

let calcium = Calcium(value: Double)

我还得到了结构体创建的默认初始值设定项：

let calcium = Calcium(name: String, unit: Unit?, value: Double)

当我创建结构的实例时，两个初始化器都出现在Xcode的代码完成弹出窗口中。但是，我不希望name和unit参数能够与初始化程序中提供的默认值不同。我还尝试为name和unit属性分配默认值，它们在结构内部声明，但在Parameter协议所需的初始化程序之外。

有没有办法通过为name和unit参数提供默认值来初始化结构，只需要提供value参数，而没有默认的初始化程序显示在Xcode的代码完成弹出窗口中？

我在Xcode的代码完成弹出窗口中出现两个初始值设定项的唯一问题是我不希望别人创建结构并提供除了我在初始化程序中提供的值之外的其他值Parameter协议所要求的。

我意识到我可以在课堂上这样做，但我试图通过面向协议的编程和结构使我的思想正确。

Answer 1

一种方法：

我们将所有变量更改为选项，并使用协议中的默认参数删除了初始化程序。如果unit和value的默认值始终，则客户端无需查看此初始值设定项。

protocol Parameter {
    var name: String? { get }
    var unit: Unit? { get }
    var value: Double? { get }
    //init(name: String, unit: Unit?, value: Double)
    init(value: Double)
}

并将结构更改为：

struct Calcium: Parameter {

    var name: String? = nil
    var unit: Unit? = nil
    var value: Double? = nil

    init(value: Double) {
        self.init(name: "Calcium", unit: UnitDispersion.partsPerMillion, value: value)
    }

    private init(name: String, unit: Unit, value: Double) {
        self.name = name
        self.unit = unit
        self.value = value
    }

}

在结构本身中，我们添加了私有初始化程序，它是从只需要一个参数的自定义初始化程序调用的。

在Xcode完成弹出窗口中你只有一个初始化器。