使用GridLayout弄乱计算器

Question

我面临着使布局看起来很好的麻烦。

为了理解基础知识，我决定创建一个简单的计算器应用程序 所以，我使用嵌套在LinearLayout中的GridLayout将Buttons放在文本字段下。

这是我布局的来源。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:weightSum="100">

    <TextView
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:text="0"
        android:layout_weight="30"/>

    <GridLayout
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="center"
        android:columnCount="4"
        android:rowCount="5"
        android:orientation="horizontal"
        android:useDefaultMargins="false"
        android:layout_weight="70">

        <Button
            android:text="C" />

        <Button
            android:text="BS" />

        <Button
            android:text="/" />

        <Button
            android:text="x" />

        <Button
            android:text="7" />

        <Button
            android:text="8" />

        <Button
            android:text="9" />

        <Button
            android:text="-" />

        <Button
            android:text="4" />

        <Button
            android:text="5" />

        <Button
            android:text="6" />

        <Button
            android:text="+" />

        <Button
            android:text="1" />

        <Button
            android:text="2" />

        <Button
            android:text="3" />

        <Button
            android:layout_gravity="fill"
            android:layout_rowSpan="2"
            android:text="=" />
        <Button
            android:layout_gravity="fill"
            android:layout_columnSpan="2"
            android:text="0" />
        <Button
            android:text="." />
    </GridLayout>

</LinearLayout>

如何让这个布局填满屏幕？

让我的应用看起来像这样

希望得到快速答案。

[编辑]：所以，现在事情好多了，但我有了新的问题。 现在我的主要活动看起来像这样

相当不错，在我看来，但是：

1. 如何删除键盘右侧的空白区域？
2. 如何使键盘和文本视图分别占据70％和30％的屏幕？

此外，新的布局代码是：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<RelativeLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context="android.calcandroid.MainActivity">

    <TextView
        android:background="@drawable/shape"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:text="0"
        android:layout_above="@+id/gridLayout" />

    <GridLayout
        android:id="@+id/gridLayout"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="center"
        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
        android:columnCount="4"
        android:rowCount="5"
        android:orientation="horizontal"
        android:useDefaultMargins="false">

        <Button
            android:background="@drawable/shape"
            android:text="C" />

        <Button
            android:background="@drawable/shape"
            android:text="BS" />

        <Button
            android:background="@drawable/shape"
            android:text="/" />

        <Button
            android:background="@drawable/shape"
            android:text="x" />

        <Button
            android:background="@drawable/shape"
            android:text="7" />

        <Button
            android:background="@drawable/shape"
            android:text="8" />

        <Button
            android:background="@drawable/shape"
            android:text="9" />

        <Button
            android:background="@drawable/shape"
            android:text="-" />

        <Button
            android:background="@drawable/shape"
            android:text="4" />

        <Button
            android:background="@drawable/shape"
            android:text="5" />

        <Button
            android:background="@drawable/shape"
            android:text="6" />

        <Button
            android:background="@drawable/shape"
            android:text="+" />

        <Button
            android:background="@drawable/shape"
            android:text="1" />

        <Button
            android:background="@drawable/shape"
            android:text="2" />

        <Button
            android:background="@drawable/shape"
            android:text="3" />

        <Button
            android:background="@drawable/shape"
            android:layout_gravity="fill_vertical"
            android:layout_rowSpan="2"
            android:text="=" />
        <Button
            android:background="@drawable/shape"
            android:layout_gravity="fill_horizontal"
            android:layout_columnSpan="2"
            android:text="0" />
        <Button
            android:background="@drawable/shape"
            android:text="." />
    </GridLayout>

</RelativeLayout>

Answer 1

将您的=和0按钮更改为：

<Button
    android:layout_rowSpan="2"
    android:layout_gravity="fill_vertical"
    android:text="=" />
<Button
    android:layout_columnSpan="2"
    android:layout_gravity="fill_horizontal"
    android:text="0" />

[编辑]

我从你的评论中意识到=按钮突出到屏幕的底部。这是因为你为计算器分配了一个很高的权重，所以使用fill_vertical会这样做。

我假设（但如果我错了，请纠正我），从你想要的图形显示你希望计算器与屏幕底部对齐。如果是这种情况，这是我对你的布局的建议修改（tldr：使用RelativeLayout而不是LinearLayout）：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <TextView
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:text="0"
        android:layout_above="@+id/gridLayout" />

    <GridLayout
        android:id="@+id/gridLayout"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="center"
        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
        android:columnCount="4"
        android:rowCount="5"
        android:orientation="horizontal"
        android:useDefaultMargins="false">

        <Button
            android:text="C" />

        <Button
            android:text="BS" />

        <Button
            android:text="/" />

        <Button
            android:text="x" />

        <Button
            android:text="7" />

        <Button
            android:text="8" />

        <Button
            android:text="9" />

        <Button
            android:text="-" />

        <Button
            android:text="4" />

        <Button
            android:text="5" />

        <Button
            android:text="6" />

        <Button
            android:text="+" />

        <Button
            android:text="1" />

        <Button
            android:text="2" />

        <Button
            android:text="3" />

        <Button
            android:layout_gravity="fill_vertical"
            android:layout_rowSpan="2"
            android:text="=" />
        <Button
            android:layout_gravity="fill_horizontal"
            android:layout_columnSpan="2"
            android:text="0" />
        <Button
            android:text="." />
    </GridLayout>

</RelativeLayout>

Answer 2

非常接近。不知道如何处理垂直分隔线。出于某种原因，在跨越每一行的每列之间放置1dp视图会导致GridLayout扩展整个视图。

要使用此功能，您需要支持库版本

的这种依赖关系

compile "com.android.support:gridlayout-v7:<support library number>"

color.xml

<color name="calcAccent">#ef6c00</color>

styles.xml

<style name="calcAction">
    <item name="android:background">#f7f8fa</item>
</style>
<style name="calcNumber">
    <item name="android:background">#fafbfd</item>
</style>

布局XML

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout
        xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        xmlns:grid="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <TextView
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:text="0"
            android:layout_above="@+id/gridLayout" android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
            android:layout_alignParentStart="true" android:gravity="bottom|end"
            android:singleLine="true" android:textAppearance="@style/TextAppearance.AppCompat.Headline"
            android:textSize="48sp" android:background="#e3e7ea" android:paddingBottom="32dp"
            android:padding="16dp"/>

    <android.support.v7.widget.GridLayout
            android:id="@+id/gridLayout"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_alignParentBottom="true" android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
            grid:useDefaultMargins="false" grid:alignmentMode="alignBounds" grid:columnCount="7" grid:rowCount="9">

        <!-- Row 1 -->
        <Button
                android:text="C"
                grid:layout_row="0" grid:layout_column="0"
                style="@style/calcAction" android:textStyle="bold" android:textColor="@color/calcAccent"
                grid:layout_columnWeight="1" grid:layout_rowWeight="1"/>
        <ImageButton
                android:src="@android:drawable/ic_input_delete"
                grid:layout_row="0" grid:layout_column="2"
                style="@style/calcAction"
                grid:layout_columnWeight="1" grid:layout_rowWeight="1" />
        <Button
                android:text="&#247;"
                grid:layout_row="0"
                style="@style/calcAction"
                grid:layout_columnWeight="1" grid:layout_rowWeight="1" grid:layout_column="4"/>
        <Button
                android:text="x"
                grid:layout_row="0" grid:layout_column="6"
                grid:layout_columnWeight="1" grid:layout_rowWeight="1"
                style="@style/calcAction"/>

        <!-- Row 2 -->
        <View
                grid:layout_gravity="fill_horizontal"
                android:layout_height="1dp"
                grid:layout_row="1" grid:layout_column="0" grid:layout_columnSpan="7"
                android:background="#eee"/>
        <Button
                android:text="7" grid:layout_row="2" grid:layout_column="0"
                grid:layout_columnWeight="1" grid:layout_rowWeight="1"
                style="@style/calcNumber"/>
        <Button
                android:text="8" grid:layout_row="2" grid:layout_column="2"
                style="@style/calcNumber"
                grid:layout_columnWeight="1" grid:layout_rowWeight="1"/>
        <Button
                android:text="9" grid:layout_row="2" grid:layout_column="4"
                style="@style/calcNumber"
                grid:layout_columnWeight="1" grid:layout_rowWeight="1"/>
        <Button
                android:text="-" grid:layout_row="2" grid:layout_column="6"
                style="@style/calcAction"
                grid:layout_columnWeight="1" grid:layout_rowWeight="1"/>

        <!-- Row 3 -->
        <View
                grid:layout_gravity="fill_horizontal"
                android:layout_height="1dp"
                grid:layout_row="3" grid:layout_column="0" grid:layout_columnSpan="7"
                android:background="#eee"/>
        <Button
                android:text="4" grid:layout_row="4" grid:layout_column="0"
                style="@style/calcNumber"
                grid:layout_columnWeight="1" grid:layout_rowWeight="1"/>
        <Button
                android:text="5" grid:layout_row="4" grid:layout_column="2"
                style="@style/calcNumber"
                grid:layout_columnWeight="1" grid:layout_rowWeight="1"/>
        <Button
                android:text="6" grid:layout_row="4" grid:layout_column="4"
                style="@style/calcNumber"
                grid:layout_columnWeight="1" grid:layout_rowWeight="1"/>
        <Button
                android:text="+" grid:layout_row="4" grid:layout_column="6"
                style="@style/calcAction"
                grid:layout_columnWeight="1" grid:layout_rowWeight="1"/>

        <View
                grid:layout_gravity="fill_horizontal"
                android:layout_height="1dp"
                grid:layout_row="7" grid:layout_column="0" grid:layout_columnSpan="7"
                android:background="#eee"/>

        <!-- Row 4 -->
        <Button
                android:text="1" grid:layout_row="6" grid:layout_column="0"
                style="@style/calcNumber"
                grid:layout_columnWeight="1" grid:layout_rowWeight="1"/>
        <Button
                android:text="2" grid:layout_row="6" grid:layout_column="2"
                style="@style/calcNumber"
                grid:layout_columnWeight="1" grid:layout_rowWeight="1"/>
        <Button
                android:text="3" grid:layout_row="6" grid:layout_column="4"
                style="@style/calcNumber"
                grid:layout_columnWeight="1" grid:layout_rowWeight="1"/>
        <Button
                android:text="=" grid:layout_row="6" grid:layout_column="6"
                style="@style/calcNumber" android:background="@color/calcAccent"
                grid:layout_rowSpan="3"
                grid:layout_columnWeight="1" grid:layout_rowWeight="1"
                android:textAppearance="@style/TextAppearance.AppCompat.Large"
                android:textColor="@color/primary_material_light" android:textStyle="bold" android:textSize="22sp"
                android:gravity="bottom|center_horizontal" android:padding="8dp"/>
        <!-- Row 5 -->

        <Button
                grid:layout_columnWeight="1" grid:layout_rowWeight="1"
                android:text="0"
                grid:layout_row="8" grid:layout_column="0" grid:layout_columnSpan="3"
                style="@style/calcNumber"/>
        <Button
                android:text="."
                grid:layout_row="8" grid:layout_column="4"
                grid:layout_columnWeight="1" style="@style/calcNumber"/>

        <!-- Horizontal Grid -->
        <View
                grid:layout_gravity="fill_horizontal"
                android:layout_height="1dp"
                grid:layout_row="5" grid:layout_column="0" grid:layout_columnSpan="7"
                android:background="#eee"/>


    </android.support.v7.widget.GridLayout>

</RelativeLayout>

Answer 3

最后，差不多十个小时后我很满意。 Now its looks like this

基于@ cricket_007建议，我的代码是

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    xmlns:grid="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:weightSum="100"
    tools:context="android.calcandroid.MainActivity">

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_weight="20">

        <TextView
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:text="0"
            android:gravity="bottom|end"
            android:singleLine="true"
            android:textAppearance="@style/TextAppearance.AppCompat.Headline"
            android:textSize="48sp"
            android:background="#e3e7ea"
            android:paddingBottom="32dp"
            android:padding="16dp"/>

    </LinearLayout>

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_weight="80">

        <android.support.v7.widget.GridLayout
            android:id="@+id/gridLayout"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            grid:useDefaultMargins="false"
            grid:alignmentMode="alignBounds"
            grid:columnCount="7"
            grid:rowCount="9">

            <!-- Row 1 -->
            <Button
                android:text="C"
                android:background="@drawable/shape"
                grid:layout_row="0"
                grid:layout_column="0"
                style="@style/calcAction"
                android:textStyle="bold"
                android:textColor="@color/calcAccent"
                grid:layout_columnWeight="1"
                grid:layout_rowWeight="1"/>

            <ImageButton
                android:background="@drawable/shape"
                android:src="@android:drawable/ic_input_delete"
                grid:layout_row="0"
                grid:layout_column="2"
                style="@style/calcAction"
                grid:layout_columnWeight="1"
                grid:layout_rowWeight="1" />

            <Button
                android:background="@drawable/shape"
                android:text="&#247;"
                grid:layout_row="0"
                style="@style/calcAction"
                grid:layout_columnWeight="1"
                grid:layout_rowWeight="1"
                grid:layout_column="4"/>

            <Button
                android:background="@drawable/shape"
                android:text="x"
                grid:layout_row="0"
                grid:layout_column="6"
                grid:layout_columnWeight="1"
                grid:layout_rowWeight="1"
                style="@style/calcAction"/>

            <!-- Row 2 -->
            <View
                grid:layout_gravity="fill_horizontal"
                android:layout_height="1dp"
                grid:layout_row="1"
                grid:layout_column="0"
                grid:layout_columnSpan="7"
                android:background="#eee"/>

            <Button
                android:background="@drawable/shape"
                android:text="7"
                grid:layout_row="2"
                grid:layout_column="0"
                grid:layout_columnWeight="1"
                grid:layout_rowWeight="1"
                style="@style/calcNumber"/>

            <Button
                android:background="@drawable/shape"
                android:text="8"
                grid:layout_row="2"
                grid:layout_column="2"
                style="@style/calcNumber"
                grid:layout_columnWeight="1"
                grid:layout_rowWeight="1"/>

            <Button
                android:background="@drawable/shape"
                android:text="9"
                grid:layout_row="2"
                grid:layout_column="4"
                style="@style/calcNumber"
                grid:layout_columnWeight="1"
                grid:layout_rowWeight="1"/>

            <Button
                android:background="@drawable/shape"
                android:text="-"
                grid:layout_row="2"
                grid:layout_column="6"
                style="@style/calcAction"
                grid:layout_columnWeight="1"
                grid:layout_rowWeight="1"/>

            <!-- Row 3 -->

            <View
                grid:layout_gravity="fill_horizontal"
                android:layout_height="1dp"
                grid:layout_row="3"
                grid:layout_column="0"
                grid:layout_columnSpan="7"
                android:background="#eee"/>

            <Button
                android:background="@drawable/shape"
                android:text="4"
                grid:layout_row="4"
                grid:layout_column="0"
                style="@style/calcNumber"
                grid:layout_columnWeight="1"
                grid:layout_rowWeight="1"/>

            <Button
                android:background="@drawable/shape"
                android:text="5"
                grid:layout_row="4"
                grid:layout_column="2"
                style="@style/calcNumber"
                grid:layout_columnWeight="1"
                grid:layout_rowWeight="1"/>

            <Button
                android:background="@drawable/shape"
                android:text="6"
                grid:layout_row="4"
                grid:layout_column="4"
                style="@style/calcNumber"
                grid:layout_columnWeight="1"
                grid:layout_rowWeight="1"/>

            <Button
                android:background="@drawable/shape"
                android:text="+"
                grid:layout_row="4"
                grid:layout_column="6"
                style="@style/calcAction"
                grid:layout_columnWeight="1"
                grid:layout_rowWeight="1"/>

            <View
                grid:layout_gravity="fill_horizontal"
                android:layout_height="1dp"
                grid:layout_row="7"
                grid:layout_column="0"
                grid:layout_columnSpan="7"
                android:background="#eee"/>

            <!-- Row 4 -->

            <Button
                android:background="@drawable/shape"
                android:text="1"
                grid:layout_row="6"
                grid:layout_column="0"
                style="@style/calcNumber"
                grid:layout_columnWeight="1"
                grid:layout_rowWeight="1"/>

            <Button
                android:background="@drawable/shape"
                android:text="2"
                grid:layout_row="6"
                grid:layout_column="2"
                style="@style/calcNumber"
                grid:layout_columnWeight="1"
                grid:layout_rowWeight="1"/>

            <Button
                android:background="@drawable/shape"
                grid:layout_row="6"
                grid:layout_column="4"
                grid:layout_columnWeight="1"
                grid:layout_rowWeight="1"
                android:text="3"
                style="@style/calcNumber"/>

            <Button
                grid:layout_row="6"
                grid:layout_column="6"
                grid:layout_rowSpan="3"
                grid:layout_columnWeight="1"
                grid:layout_rowWeight="1"
                android:background="@color/calcAccent"
                android:textAppearance="@style/TextAppearance.AppCompat.Large"
                android:textColor="@color/primary_material_light"
                android:textStyle="bold"
                android:textSize="22sp"
                android:gravity="center_vertical|center_horizontal"
                android:padding="8dp"
                android:text="="
                style="@style/calcNumber"/>
            <!-- Row 5 -->

            <Button
                android:background="@drawable/shape"
                grid:layout_columnWeight="1"
                grid:layout_rowWeight="1"
                grid:layout_row="8"
                grid:layout_column="0"
                grid:layout_columnSpan="3"
                style="@style/calcNumber"
                android:text="0"/>

            <Button
                android:background="@drawable/shape"
                grid:layout_row="8"
                grid:layout_column="4"
                grid:layout_columnWeight="1"
                grid:layout_rowWeight="1"
                style="@style/calcNumber"
                android:text="."/>

            <!-- Horizontal Grid -->
            <View
                grid:layout_gravity="fill_horizontal"
                android:layout_height="1dp"
                grid:layout_row="5" grid:layout_column="0" grid:layout_columnSpan="7"
                android:background="#eee"/>


        </android.support.v7.widget.GridLayout>

    </LinearLayout>

</LinearLayout>

也许它有点乱，但我认为这很好。