我正在将我们的webapp中使用的spring框架版本从3.1.4升级到4.1.8。随着新的Spring版本，我们的一些单元测试失败了，因为@Autowired不再工作。这是失败的测试之一：
@ContextConfiguration(locations={"/math-application-context.xml"})
public class MathematicaMathServiceTest extends JavaMathServiceTest{
@Autowired
private KernelLinkPool mathematicalKernelPool;
protected static String originalServiceType = System.getProperty("calculation.math.service.type");
@AfterClass
public static void unsetMathServiceType(){
System.clearProperty("calculation.math.service.type");
}
@BeforeClass
public static void setMathServiceType(){
System.setProperty("calculation.math.service.type","Mathematica");
}
@Test
public void testMathematicaService() throws Exception{
try {
acquireKernelAndExecute(0);
Assert.assertEquals(0, mathematicalKernelPool.getBorrowingThreadsCount());
} catch(UnsatisfiedLinkError e) {
System.out.println("Mathematica not installed. Skipping test");
}catch(Exception ex){
if (!ExceptionFormatter.hasCause(ex, MathServiceNotConfiguredException.class)){throw ex;}
if (System.getProperty(MathService.SERVICE_CONFIGURED_SYSTEM_VARIABLE) != null){
throw ex;
}
logger.error("Cannot execute test. Math service is not configured");
}
}
}
这是KernelLinkPool类：
public class KernelLinkPool extends GenericObjectPool implements InitializingBean{
private static final int RETRY_TIMEOUT_MS = 5000;
private static final long STARTUP_WAIT_TIME_MS = 10000;
private boolean mathematicaConfigured = true;
private PoolableObjectFactory factory;
// ensures that multiple requests from the same thread will be given the same KernelLink object
private static ThreadLocal<KernelLink> threadBoundKernel = new ThreadLocal<KernelLink>();
// holds the number of requests issued on each thread
private static ThreadLocal<Integer> callDepth = new ThreadLocal<Integer>();
private long maxBorrowWait;
private Integer maxKernels;
private boolean releaseLicenseOnReturn;
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());
// (used only for unit testing at this point)
private Map<String,Integer> borrowingThreads = new ConcurrentHashMap<String,Integer>();
public KernelLinkPool(PoolableObjectFactory factory) {
super(factory);
this.factory = factory;
this.setMaxWait(maxBorrowWait);
}
@Override
public Object borrowObject() throws Exception{
return borrowObject(this.maxBorrowWait);
}
public Object borrowObject(long waitTime) throws Exception {
long starttime = System.currentTimeMillis();
if (!mathematicaConfigured){
throw new MathServiceNotConfiguredException();
}
try{
if (callDepth.get() == null){
callDepth.set(1);
}else{
callDepth.set(callDepth.get()+1);
}
KernelLink link = null;
if (threadBoundKernel.get() != null){
link = threadBoundKernel.get();
}else{
//obtain kernelLink from object pool
//retry when borrowObject fail until
//maxBorrowWait is reached
while(true){
try{
logger.debug("Borrowing MathKernel from object pool");
link = (KernelLink) super.borrowObject();
break;
}catch(KernelLinkCreationException ex){
long timeElapsed = System.currentTimeMillis() - starttime;
logger.info("Failed to borrow MathKernel. Time elapsed [" + timeElapsed + "] ms", ex);
if(timeElapsed >= waitTime){
logger.info("Retry timeout reached");
throw ex;
}
Thread.sleep(RETRY_TIMEOUT_MS);
}
}
logger.debug("borrowed [" + link + "]");
threadBoundKernel.set(link);
}
borrowingThreads.put(Thread.currentThread().getName(),callDepth.get());
return link;
}catch(Exception ex){
logger.error("Failed to acquire Mathematica kernel. Borrowing threads [" + borrowingThreads + "]");
throw ex;
}
}
public void returnObject(Object obj) throws Exception {
callDepth.set(callDepth.get()-1);
if (callDepth.get() <= 0){
threadBoundKernel.set(null);
borrowingThreads.remove(Thread.currentThread().getName());
if (releaseLicenseOnReturn){
// will destroy obj
super.invalidateObject(obj);
}
else{
// will park obj in the pool of idle objects
super.returnObject(obj);
}
}else{
borrowingThreads.put(Thread.currentThread().getName(),callDepth.get());
}
}
@Override
public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
try{
if (maxKernels == 0){
List<KernelLink> links = new ArrayList<KernelLink>();
while (true){
try{
links.add((KernelLink)factory.makeObject());
}catch(KernelLinkCreationException ex){
break;
}
}
if(links.isEmpty()){
logger.warn("No available Mathematica license!");
mathematicaConfigured = false;
return;
}
for (KernelLink link : links){
factory.destroyObject(link);
}
logger.info("Detected number of available Mathematica license = [" + links.size() + "]");
setMaxActive(links.size());
setMaxIdle(links.size());
}else{
if(maxKernels < 0){
logger.info("Set number of Mathematica license to no limit");
}else{
logger.info("Set number of Mathematica license to [" + maxKernels + "]");
}
setMaxActive(maxKernels);
setMaxIdle(maxKernels);
}
Object ob = borrowObject(STARTUP_WAIT_TIME_MS);
returnObject(ob);
mathematicaConfigured = true;
}catch(Throwable ex){
logger.warn("Mathematica kernel pool could not be configured: ", ex.getMessage());
mathematicaConfigured = false;
}
}
public int getBorrowingThreadsCount() {
return borrowingThreads.size();
}
public Integer getMaxKernels() {
return maxKernels;
}
public void setMaxKernels(Integer maxKernels) {
this.maxKernels = maxKernels;
}
public boolean isMathematicaConfigured(){
return mathematicaConfigured;
}
public boolean isReleaseLicenseOnReturn() {
return releaseLicenseOnReturn;
}
public void setReleaseLicenseOnReturn(boolean releaseLicenseOnReturn) {
this.releaseLicenseOnReturn = releaseLicenseOnReturn;
}
public long getMaxBorrowWait() {
return maxBorrowWait;
}
public void setMaxBorrowWait(long maxBorrowWait) {
this.maxBorrowWait = maxBorrowWait;
}
}
测试失败，出现此异常：
org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [com.etse.math.wolfram.KernelLinkPool] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
这是math-application-context文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd">
<beans profile="unitTest,integratedTest,activeServer">
<bean class="org.springframework.jmx.export.MBeanExporter"
lazy-init="false">
<property name="registrationBehaviorName" value="REGISTRATION_IGNORE_EXISTING" />
<property name="beans">
<map>
<entry key="etse.math:name=MathematicalKernelFactory"
value-ref="mathematicalKernelFactory" />
<entry key="etse.math:name=MathematicalKernelPool" value-ref="mathematicalKernelPool" />
</map>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="mathService" class="com.etse.math.MathServiceFactoryBean">
<property name="mathServiceType" value="${calculation.math.service.type}"/>
<property name="mathematicaService" ref="mathematicaService"/>
</bean>
<bean id="mathematicaService" class="com.etse.math.wolfram.MathematicaService">
<property name="kernelPool" ref="mathematicalKernelPool" />
<property name="minParallelizationSize" value="${calculation.mathematica.kernel.parallel.batch.size}" />
</bean>
<bean id="mathematicalKernelPool" class="com.etse.math.wolfram.KernelLinkPool"
destroy-method="close">
<constructor-arg ref="mathematicalKernelFactory" />
<property name="maxKernels" value="${calculation.mathematica.max.kernels}" />
<property name="maxBorrowWait"
value="${calculation.mathematica.kernel.borrow.max.wait}" />
<property name="releaseLicenseOnReturn"
value="${calculation.mathematica.kernel.release.license.on.return}" />
</bean>
<bean id="mathematicalKernelFactory" class="com.etse.math.wolfram.KernelLinkFactory">
<property name="debugPackets" value="false" />
<property name="linkMode" value="launch" />
<property name="mathematicaKernelLocation" value="${calculation.mathematica.kernel.location}" />
<property name="mathematicaLibraryLocation" value="${calculation.mathematica.library.location}" />
<property name="mathematicaAddOnsDirectory" value="${calculation.mathematica.addons.directory}" />
<property name="linkProtocol" value="sharedMemory" />
</bean>
</beans>
<beans profile="passiveServer,thickClient,tools">
<bean id="mathService" class="com.etse.math.DummyMathService"/>
</beans>
我也尝试使用应用程序上下文来加载bean，但是因为以下异常而失败：
org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No bean named 'mathematicalKernelPool' is defined
如果我删除了自动连接字段，则测试会因为超级类中的应用程序上下文加载的另一个bean（mathService）的NoSuchBeanDefinitionException而失败。因此，似乎由于某种原因未加载来自math-application-context的应用程序上下文。想知道这里会发生什么吗？谢谢。
更新：
我查看了应用程序上下文中定义的bean，并确认在math-application-context中定义的bean都不存在。应用程序上下文仅包含在超类加载的另一个上下文文件中定义的bean。为什么无法加载math-application-context？
答案 0 :(得分：0)
此时我会诚实地摆脱XML配置并基于总注释/代码。创建一个Config类，让它创建你需要自动装配的任何bean。
答案 1 :(得分：0)
这是个人资料问题。测试的超级课程使用：
@ProfileValueSourceConfiguration（TestProfileValueSource.class）
设置配置文件，但它无法正常工作。删除该注释后，我添加了：
@ActiveProfiles（resolver = TestProfileValueSource.class），现在再次运作。