这是一个基本的TypeScript / ES.next示例,它使用DI的装饰器,并遵循框架手册建议的语法:
import {Component, Inject, Injectable, NgModule, OpaqueToken} from '@angular/core';
import {BrowserModule} from '@angular/platform-browser';
import {platformBrowserDynamic} from '@angular/platform-browser-dynamic';
const CONSTANT = { value: 'constant' };
const CONSTANT_TOKEN = new OpaqueToken;
const CONSTANT_PROVIDER = { provide: CONSTANT_TOKEN, useValue: CONSTANT };
@Injectable()
class Service {
constructor(@Inject(CONSTANT_TOKEN) constant) {
console.log('Service constructor', constant);
}
}
@Component({
selector: 'app',
template: '...',
providers: [Service, CONSTANT_PROVIDER]
})
class AppComponent {
constructor(@Inject(Service) service: Service, @Inject(CONSTANT_TOKEN) constant) {
console.log('AppComponent constructor', service, constant);
}
}
@NgModule({
imports: [BrowserModule],
declarations: [AppComponent],
bootstrap: [AppComponent]
})
class AppModule {}
platformBrowserDynamic().bootstrapModule(AppModule);
如何在ES5中写入?
如何在未传输的 ES6 / ES2015中完成同样的事情?
在这些情况下,Injectable
和Inject
装饰器是如何翻译的?
这个问题特别适用于具有类但可能使用require
或System.import
而不是ES6导入的实际ES6浏览器实现。
答案 0 :(得分:5)
要将Angular 2与 ES5 一起使用,您需要以下脚本:
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/angular.js/2.0.0-beta.3/angular2-all.umd.js"></script>
这提供了一个包含所有Angular 2的全局变量。现在您可以编写ng.core.Component
而不是@Component
注释。构造函数的第一个参数是注射剂。
var Component = ng.core
Component({
selector: 'hello-cmp',
template: 'Hello World!',
viewProviders: [Service]
.Class({
constructor: [Service, function (service) {
...
}],
});
告诉注入器我们的服务参数是Service
Component.parameters = [[new ng.core.Inject(Service)]];
以下Exapmle显示了使用 ES6 的angular2:
import {Component} from 'angular2/core';
import {Service} from './example.service';
let componentAnnotation = new Component({
selector: 'world-time',
inputs: ['timeZones'],
providers: [Service],
template: `
...
`
});
export class ComponentExample {
constructor(service) {
this._service = service;
}
...
}
WorldTimeComponent.annotations = [componentAnnotation];
WorldTimeComponent.parameters = [[Service]];
In this plunkr你可以找到一个有效的ES6示例。
但您可以使用 Babel 来使用装饰器。启用optional[]=es7.decorators
(在webpack中)或将配置设置为stage:1
。
答案 1 :(得分:1)
Injectable
装饰器特定于Angular 2的TypeScript风格。它允许通过TypeScript类型注释对DI隐式注释类构造函数。它在TS中是多余的,在JS中不需要注入Inject
注入的依赖项。
Angular 2注入(类和构造函数)应该用annotations
和parameters
静态属性注释。
annotations
是一个包含注入类new
ed装饰器的数组:
function SomeComponent(...) {}
SomeComponent.annotations = [new Componenent(...)];
parameters
是一个包含构造函数参数的装饰器的数组,每个元素都是一个数组,其中包含各个构造函数属性的new
ed装饰器列表(类似于$inject
属性显式注释在Angular 1.x):
function Service(someService, anotherService) {}
Service.parameters = [
[new Inject(SomeService)],
[new Inject(AnotherService), new Optional, new SkipSelf]
];
所有类装饰器都从TypeDecorator
扩展,这意味着它们可以作为函数调用。在这种情况下,使用所谓的DSL语法,允许使用Class
helper function链接装饰器:
var SomeComponent = Componenent(...).Class(...);
Class
也可以单独使用,它从给定的definition object构造一个新类,并允许使用数组注释constructor
方法(类似于Angular 1.x中的内联数组显式注释) :
var SomeService = Class({
constructor: [[new Inject(SomeService)], function (someService) {}]
});
Class
helper在最新的框架版本中已弃用。它应该被ES5中的原始函数或第三方类助手替换。装饰器支持使用类函数Componenent(...)(ComponentClass)
进行直接链接。
System.import
Promise.all([
System.import('@angular/core'),
System.import('@angular/platform-browser'),
System.import('@angular/platform-browser-dynamic')
])
.then(([
{Component, Inject, Injectable, Optional, NgModule, OpaqueToken},
{BrowserModule},
{platformBrowserDynamic}
]) => {
const CONSTANT = { value: 'constant' };
const CONSTANT_TOKEN = new OpaqueToken;
const CONSTANT_PROVIDER = { provide: CONSTANT_TOKEN, useValue: CONSTANT };
class Service {
constructor(constant) {}
}
Service.parameters = [[new Inject(CONSTANT_TOKEN)]];
class AppComponent {
constructor(service, constant) {}
}
AppComponent.annotations = [new Component({
selector: 'app',
template: '...',
providers: [Service, CONSTANT_PROVIDER]
})];
AppComponent.parameters = [[new Inject(Service)], [new Inject(CONSTANT_TOKEN)]];
class AppModule {}
AppModule.annotations = [new NgModule({
imports: [BrowserModule],
declarations: [AppComponent],
bootstrap: [AppComponent]
})];
platformBrowserDynamic().bootstrapModule(AppModule);
})
.catch((err) => console.error(err));
ng
全局var Class = ng.core.Class;
var Component = ng.core.Component;
var Inject = ng.core.Inject;
var Injectable = ng.core.Injectable;
var NgModule = ng.core.NgModule;
var OpaqueToken = ng.core.OpaqueToken;
var BrowserModule = ng.platformBrowser.BrowserModule;
var platformBrowserDynamic = ng.platformBrowserDynamic.platformBrowserDynamic;
var CONSTANT = { value: 'constant' };
var CONSTANT_TOKEN = new OpaqueToken;
var CONSTANT_PROVIDER = { provide: CONSTANT_TOKEN, useValue: CONSTANT };
// Class helper function that uses A1-flavoured inline array DI annotations
// and creates an annotated constructor
var Service = Class({
constructor: [[new Inject(CONSTANT_TOKEN)], function (constant) {
console.log('Service constructor', constant);
}]
});
// can also be
// function Service(constant) {};
// Service.parameters = [[new Inject(...)], ...];
// when not being `new`ed, Component is a chainable factory that has Class helper method
var AppComponent = Component({
selector: 'app',
template: '...',
providers: [Service, CONSTANT_PROVIDER]
})
.Class({
constructor: [
[new Inject(Service)],
[new Inject(CONSTANT_TOKEN)],
function (service, constant) {
console.log('AppComponent constructor', service, constant);
}
]
});
// can also be
// function AppComponent(...) {};
// AppComponent.annotations = [new Component(...)];
// AppComponent.parameters = [[new Inject(...)], ...];
var AppModule = NgModule({
imports: [BrowserModule],
declarations: [AppComponent],
bootstrap: [AppComponent]
})
.Class({ constructor: function () {} });
// can also be
// function AppModule() {};
// AppModule.annotations = [new NgModule(...)];
platformBrowserDynamic().bootstrapModule(AppModule);