Question

我对python很新，还处于阅读阶段。我在这里有两个问题需要讨论。我需要使用tkinter开发一个python基本用户界面，它应该在Raspberry Pi2上运行。在后台进程中我需要创建多个UDP套接字服务器＆amp;客户端也是基于python的。

当用户按任意按钮并从组合框中选择任何值时，我需要将数据发送到c ++应用程序。同样，我需要使用从C ++应用程序收到的消息更新UI。

我在python中创建了基本的UI和UDP套接字，它按预期工作。现在我需要扩展它，以便我可以将UI数据发送到UDP Socket脚本并从那里发送到C ++应用程序。

如何实例化多个UDP套接字？是否有类似于FD_SET，python中的select（）？
如何从main.py脚本启动UI和后台UDP套接字脚本？
如何指定c＃区域像canvas这样的实现区域为1，组合框为区域2，按钮为区域3，标签（labelframe）为区域4，位置则为不同大小。

这是我的python代码：

from tkinter import *
from tkinter import ttk

class MainWindow(Frame):
    def __init__(self):
        Frame.__init__(self)
        self.master.title("Test")
        self.master.minsize(330, 400)
        self.grid(sticky=E+W+N+S)

    modeFrame = Frame(self)
    actionFrame = Frame(self)
    msgframe = Frame(self)
    modeFrame.pack(side="top", fill="x")
    actionFrame.pack(side="top", fill="x")
    msgframe.pack(side="top", fill="x")

    # Mode Frame
    Label(modeFrame, text="Mode :", font="bold").pack(side="left")

    modeFrame.canvas1 = Canvas(modeFrame, height=25, width=25)
    modeFrame.setupled = modeFrame.canvas1.create_oval(5, 5, 20, 20, fill="green")
    modeFrame.canvas1.pack(side="left")
    Label(modeFrame, text="Setup Mode").pack(side="left")

    modeFrame.canvas2 = Canvas(modeFrame, height=25, width=25)
    modeFrame.setupled = modeFrame.canvas2.create_oval(5, 5, 20, 20, fill="black")
    modeFrame.canvas2.pack(side="left")
    Label(modeFrame, text="Run Mode").pack(side="left")

    # Action Frame
    Label(self, text="Select Coupon").pack(side="left")
    self.value_of_combo = 'X'
    self.combo("a,b,c")
    Button(self, text="Accept", command=acceptCallback).pack(side="left")
    Button(self, text="Reject", command=rejectCallback).pack(side="left")
    Button(self, text="EndSession", command=endSessionCallback).pack(fill="both", expand="yes", side="bottom")

    # Message Frame
    self.label0frame = LabelFrame(msgframe, text="ID")
    self.label0frame.pack(fill="both", expand="yes")
    Label(self.label0frame, text="Waiting for Client ...").pack(side="left")

    self.label1frame = LabelFrame(msgframe, text="Available Coupons")
    self.label1frame.pack(fill="both", expand="yes")
    Label(self.label1frame, text="Waiting for Client ...").pack(side="left")

    self.label2frame = LabelFrame(msgframe, text="Scanned Code")
    self.label2frame.pack(fill="both", expand="yes")
    Label(self.label2frame, text="Scanned Code ...").pack(side="left")

    self.label3frame = LabelFrame(msgframe, text="Status")
    self.label3frame.pack(fill="both", expand="yes")
    Label(self.label3frame, text="Status Message ...").pack(side="left")


def newselection(self, event):
    self.value_of_combo = self.comboBox.get()
    print(self.value_of_combo)

def combo(self,Values):
    self.box_value = StringVar()
    self.comboBox = ttk.Combobox(self, state="readonly", values=("a", "b", "c")) 
    self.comboBox.pack(side="left")
    self.comboBox.set("a")
    self.comboBox.bind("<<ComboboxSelected>>", self.newselection)

def acceptCallback():
    print("send Accept Message to C++")

def rejectCallback():
    print("send Reject Message to C++")

def endSessionCallback():
    print("send EndSession Message to C++")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = MainWindow()
    app.mainloop()

UDP套接字代码：

import time
import struct
import socket
import sys

MYPORT = 51506
MYGROUP_4 = '225.0.0.1'

MYTTL = 1 # Increase to reach other networks

def UDPmain():
    udpApp = udpsocket()

class udpsocket():
    def __init__(self):
        print('UDP Socket started')
        group = MYGROUP_4
        self.receiver('225.0.0.1')

def sender(group):
    addrinfo = socket.getaddrinfo(group, None)[0]

    s = socket.socket(addrinfo[0], socket.SOCK_DGRAM)

    # Set Time-to-live (optional)
    ttl_bin = struct.pack('@i', MYTTL)
    if addrinfo[0] == socket.AF_INET: # IPv4
        s.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_IP, socket.IP_MULTICAST_TTL, ttl_bin)
    else:
        s.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_IPV6, socket.IPV6_MULTICAST_HOPS, ttl_bin)

    while True:
        data = repr(time.time())
        s.sendto(data + '\0', (addrinfo[4][0], MYPORT))
        time.sleep(1)


def receiver(self,group):
    print('Receiver')
    # Look up multicast group address in name server and find out IP version
    addrinfo = socket.getaddrinfo(group, None)[0]

    # Create a socket
    s = socket.socket(addrinfo[0], socket.SOCK_DGRAM)

    # Allow multiple copies of this program on one machine
    # (not strictly needed)
    s.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)

    # Bind it to the port
    s.bind(('', MYPORT))

    group_bin = socket.inet_pton(addrinfo[0], addrinfo[4][0])
    # Join group
    if addrinfo[0] == socket.AF_INET: # IPv4
        mreq = group_bin + struct.pack('=I', socket.INADDR_ANY)
        s.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_IP, socket.IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP, mreq)
    else:
        mreq = group_bin + struct.pack('@I', 0)
        s.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_IPV6, socket.IPV6_JOIN_GROUP, mreq)

    # Loop, printing any data we receive
    while True:
        data, sender = s.recvfrom(1500)
        while data[-1:] == '\0': data = data[:-1] # Strip trailing \0's
        print (str(sender) + '  ' + repr(data))

请查看我提到的用户界面和评论

我很感激那些经历过整个问题的人。很抱歉保持很久

Answer 1

Python也可以使用select：请参阅https://docs.python.org/3.4/library/select.html?highlight=select.select#select.select FD_SET内容为您处理;您只需提供文件描述符（或文件对象）列表。
这里有几种选择。一种是简单地将其他脚本直接合并到主代码中，并使用multiprocessing来调用它们的入口点。 https://docs.python.org/3.4/library/multiprocessing.html?highlight=multiprocess#the-process-class如果您希望单独调用它们，还有其他选项，具体取决于您的操作系统（os.spawn，os.fork + os.execl，subprocess）

将（3）留给知道tkinter内容的其他人。

多个python UDP套接字＆amp; UI

1 个答案: