Question

如何使用gsub拆分列。？

下面是我想将第二列拆分为两个的示例文件。

> cat seq.txt
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app4/trail/hb000003
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app1/trail/gg000028
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app1/trail/kk000111
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app1/trail/kk000111
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app3/trail/mw000021
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app2/trail/pj000009
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app1/trail/fx000276
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app1/trail/fx000006
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app1/trail/fx000006
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app1/trail/fx000276
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app1/trail/gt000005
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app4/trail/xh000001

尝试过这样的事情。但似乎gsub不会将正则表达式视为替代品。

> cat seq.txt | awk -F" " '{gsub(".*/..",".*/.. ",$2)}1'
Hello/World .*/.. 000003
Hello/World .*/.. 000028
Hello/World .*/.. 000111
Hello/World .*/.. 000111
Hello/World .*/.. 000021
Hello/World .*/.. 000009
Hello/World .*/.. 000276
Hello/World .*/.. 000006
Hello/World .*/.. 000006
Hello/World .*/.. 000276
Hello/World .*/.. 000005
Hello/World .*/.. 000001

以下是我的期望。

Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app4/trail/hb  000003
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app1/trail/gg  000028
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app1/trail/kk  000111
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app1/trail/kk  000111
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app3/trail/mw  000021
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app2/trail/pj  000009
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app1/trail/fx  000276
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app1/trail/fx  000006
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app1/trail/fx  000006
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app1/trail/fx  000276
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app1/trail/gt  000005
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app4/trail/xh  000001

Answer 1

当然，替换不会采用正则表达式。这没用。他们会匹配什么？你想要的是从模式中捕获。

替换中的字符&表示匹配的整个文本是您想要的：

awk -F " " '{gsub(".*/..", "& ", $2)}7'

Answer 2

使用gawk＆＃39; s gensub

$ awk '{$2=gensub(/(\/..)([^/]+)$/,"\\1  \\2",1,$2)}1' file

Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app4/trail/hb  000003
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app1/trail/gg  000028
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app1/trail/kk  000111
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app1/trail/kk  000111
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app3/trail/mw  000021
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app2/trail/pj  000009
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app1/trail/fx  000276
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app1/trail/fx  000006
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app1/trail/fx  000006
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app1/trail/fx  000276
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app1/trail/gt  000005
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app4/trail/xh  000001

Answer 3

awk '{sub(/000/,"  000")}1' file 
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app4/trail/hb  000003
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app1/trail/gg  000028
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app1/trail/kk  000111
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app1/trail/kk  000111
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app3/trail/mw  000021
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app2/trail/pj  000009
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app1/trail/fx  000276
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app1/trail/fx  000006
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app1/trail/fx  000006
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app1/trail/fx  000276
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app1/trail/gt  000005
Hello/World /app/oracle/data/app4/trail/xh  000001

如何使用AWK gsub函数拆分列？

3 个答案: