我在C#中实现了一个非常简单的 binarySearch实现,用于在整数数组中查找整数:
static int binarySearch(int[] arr, int i)
{
int low = 0, high = arr.Length - 1, mid;
while (low <= high)
{
mid = (low + high) / 2;
if (i < arr[mid])
high = mid - 1;
else if (i > arr[mid])
low = mid + 1;
else
return mid;
}
return -1;
}
将其与C#的原生Array.BinarySearch()
进行比较时,我发现每次Array.BinarySearch()
的速度是我的函数的两倍。
Array.BinarySearch上的MSDN:
使用由Array的每个元素和指定对象实现的IComparable通用接口,搜索特定元素的整个一维排序数组。
是什么让这种方法如此之快?
using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
class Program
{
static void Main()
{
Random rnd = new Random();
Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch();
const int ELEMENTS = 10000000;
int temp;
int[] arr = new int[ELEMENTS];
for (int i = 0; i < ELEMENTS; i++)
arr[i] = rnd.Next(int.MinValue,int.MaxValue);
Array.Sort(arr);
// Custom binarySearch
sw.Restart();
for (int i = 0; i < ELEMENTS; i++)
temp = binarySearch(arr, i);
sw.Stop();
Console.WriteLine($"Elapsed time for custom binarySearch: {sw.ElapsedMilliseconds}ms");
// C# Array.BinarySearch
sw.Restart();
for (int i = 0; i < ELEMENTS; i++)
temp = Array.BinarySearch(arr,i);
sw.Stop();
Console.WriteLine($"Elapsed time for C# BinarySearch: {sw.ElapsedMilliseconds}ms");
}
static int binarySearch(int[] arr, int i)
{
int low = 0, high = arr.Length - 1, mid;
while (low <= high)
{
mid = (low+high) / 2;
if (i < arr[mid])
high = mid - 1;
else if (i > arr[mid])
low = mid + 1;
else
return mid;
}
return -1;
}
}
+------------+--------------+--------------------+
| Attempt No | binarySearch | Array.BinarySearch |
+------------+--------------+--------------------+
| 1 | 2700ms | 1099ms |
| 2 | 2696ms | 1083ms |
| 3 | 2675ms | 1077ms |
| 4 | 2690ms | 1093ms |
| 5 | 2700ms | 1086ms |
+------------+--------------+--------------------+
答案 0 :(得分:10)
在Visual Studio外部运行时,代码更快:
你和阵列的对象:
From VS - Debug mode: 3248 vs 1113
From VS - Release mode: 2932 vs 1100
Running exe - Debug mode: 3152 vs 1104
Running exe - Release mode: 559 vs 1104
Array的代码可能已经在框架中进行了优化,但是也比你的版本做了更多的检查(例如,如果arr.Length
大于int.MaxValue / 2
,你的版本可能会溢出),并且如前所述,适用于各种类型,而不仅仅是int[]
。
所以,基本上,只有在调试代码时它才会变慢,因为Array的代码总是在 release 中运行,并且在幕后控制较少。