我尝试了几种解决方案来查找锁定文件的进程并终止此进程。我找到了一个解决方案谁工作正常，但有时崩溃我的应用程序，我不知道为什么。看看这个例子，如果有人可以帮助我，我们将不胜感激。
try
{
file.CopyTo(destAbsolutePath, true);
}
catch (IOException ioException)
{
foreach (var process in Process.GetProcessesByName(file.Name.Replace(Path.GetExtension(file.Name), "")))
{
process.Kill();
process.WaitForExit();
}
foreach (Process p in Win32Processes.GetProcessesLockingFile(file.FullName))
{
p.Kill();
process.WaitForExit();
}
file.CopyTo(destAbsolutePath, true);
}
我使用的代码基于这篇文章：Using C#, how does one figure out what process locked a file?
我修改了GetProcessesLockingFile()方法以适合我。我在帖子的最后评论中解释了原因（上面的链接）。也许我没有很好地使用它。
public static class Win32Processes
{
/// <summary>
/// Return a list of processes that hold on the given file.
/// </summary>
public static List<Process> GetProcessesLockingFile(string filePath)
{
var procs = new List<Process>();
var processListSnapshot = Process.GetProcesses();
foreach (var process in processListSnapshot)
{
if (process.Id <= 4) { continue; } // system processes
List<string> paths = GetFilesLockedBy(process);
foreach (string path in paths)
{
string pathDirectory = path;
if (!pathDirectory.EndsWith(Constants.DOUBLE_BACKSLASH))
{
pathDirectory = pathDirectory + Constants.DOUBLE_BACKSLASH;
}
string lastFolderName = Path.GetFileName(Path.GetDirectoryName(pathDirectory));
if (filePath.Contains(lastFolderName))
{
procs.Add(process);
}
}
}
return procs;
}
/// <summary>
/// Return a list of file locks held by the process.
/// </summary>
public static List<string> GetFilesLockedBy(Process process)
{
var outp = new List<string>();
ThreadStart ts = delegate
{
try
{
outp = UnsafeGetFilesLockedBy(process);
}
catch { Ignore(); }
};
try
{
var t = new Thread(ts);
t.IsBackground = true;
t.Start();
if (!t.Join(250))
{
try
{
t.Interrupt();
t.Abort();
}
catch { Ignore(); }
}
}
catch { Ignore(); }
return outp;
}
#region Inner Workings
private static void Ignore() { }
private static List<string> UnsafeGetFilesLockedBy(Process process)
{
try
{
var handles = GetHandles(process);
var files = new List<string>();
foreach (var handle in handles)
{
var file = GetFilePath(handle, process);
if (file != null) files.Add(file);
}
return files;
}
catch
{
return new List<string>();
}
}
const int CNST_SYSTEM_HANDLE_INFORMATION = 16;
private static string GetFilePath(Win32API.SYSTEM_HANDLE_INFORMATION systemHandleInformation, Process process)
{
var ipProcessHwnd = Win32API.OpenProcess(Win32API.ProcessAccessFlags.All, false, process.Id);
var objBasic = new Win32API.OBJECT_BASIC_INFORMATION();
var objObjectType = new Win32API.OBJECT_TYPE_INFORMATION();
var objObjectName = new Win32API.OBJECT_NAME_INFORMATION();
var strObjectName = "";
var nLength = 0;
IntPtr ipTemp, ipHandle;
if (!Win32API.DuplicateHandle(ipProcessHwnd, systemHandleInformation.Handle, Win32API.GetCurrentProcess(), out ipHandle, 0, false, Win32API.DUPLICATE_SAME_ACCESS))
return null;
IntPtr ipBasic = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(Marshal.SizeOf(objBasic));
Win32API.NtQueryObject(ipHandle, (int)Win32API.ObjectInformationClass.ObjectBasicInformation, ipBasic, Marshal.SizeOf(objBasic), ref nLength);
objBasic = (Win32API.OBJECT_BASIC_INFORMATION)Marshal.PtrToStructure(ipBasic, objBasic.GetType());
Marshal.FreeHGlobal(ipBasic);
IntPtr ipObjectType = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(objBasic.TypeInformationLength);
nLength = objBasic.TypeInformationLength;
// this one never locks...
while ((uint)(Win32API.NtQueryObject(ipHandle, (int)Win32API.ObjectInformationClass.ObjectTypeInformation, ipObjectType, nLength, ref nLength)) == Win32API.STATUS_INFO_LENGTH_MISMATCH)
{
if (nLength == 0)
{
Console.WriteLine("nLength returned at zero! ");
return null;
}
Marshal.FreeHGlobal(ipObjectType);
ipObjectType = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(nLength);
}
objObjectType = (Win32API.OBJECT_TYPE_INFORMATION)Marshal.PtrToStructure(ipObjectType, objObjectType.GetType());
if (Is64Bits())
{
ipTemp = new IntPtr(Convert.ToInt64(objObjectType.Name.Buffer.ToString(), 10) >> 32);
}
else
{
ipTemp = objObjectType.Name.Buffer;
}
var strObjectTypeName = Marshal.PtrToStringUni(ipTemp, objObjectType.Name.Length >> 1);
Marshal.FreeHGlobal(ipObjectType);
if (strObjectTypeName != "File")
return null;
nLength = objBasic.NameInformationLength;
var ipObjectName = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(nLength);
// ...this call sometimes hangs. Is a Windows error.
while ((uint)(Win32API.NtQueryObject(ipHandle, (int)Win32API.ObjectInformationClass.ObjectNameInformation, ipObjectName, nLength, ref nLength)) == Win32API.STATUS_INFO_LENGTH_MISMATCH)
{
Marshal.FreeHGlobal(ipObjectName);
if (nLength == 0)
{
Console.WriteLine("nLength returned at zero! " + strObjectTypeName);
return null;
}
ipObjectName = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(nLength);
}
objObjectName = (Win32API.OBJECT_NAME_INFORMATION)Marshal.PtrToStructure(ipObjectName, objObjectName.GetType());
if (Is64Bits())
{
ipTemp = new IntPtr(Convert.ToInt64(objObjectName.Name.Buffer.ToString(), 10) >> 32);
}
else
{
ipTemp = objObjectName.Name.Buffer;
}
if (ipTemp != IntPtr.Zero)
{
var baTemp = new byte[nLength];
try
{
Marshal.Copy(ipTemp, baTemp, 0, nLength);
strObjectName = Marshal.PtrToStringUni(Is64Bits() ? new IntPtr(ipTemp.ToInt64()) : new IntPtr(ipTemp.ToInt32()));
}
catch (AccessViolationException)
{
return null;
}
finally
{
Marshal.FreeHGlobal(ipObjectName);
Win32API.CloseHandle(ipHandle);
}
}
string path = GetRegularFileNameFromDevice(strObjectName);
try
{
return path;
}
catch
{
return null;
}
}
private static string GetRegularFileNameFromDevice(string strRawName)
{
string strFileName = strRawName;
foreach (string strDrivePath in Environment.GetLogicalDrives())
{
var sbTargetPath = new StringBuilder(Win32API.MAX_PATH);
if (Win32API.QueryDosDevice(strDrivePath.Substring(0, 2), sbTargetPath, Win32API.MAX_PATH) == 0)
{
return strRawName;
}
string strTargetPath = sbTargetPath.ToString();
if (strFileName.StartsWith(strTargetPath))
{
strFileName = strFileName.Replace(strTargetPath, strDrivePath.Substring(0, 2));
break;
}
}
return strFileName;
}
private static IEnumerable<Win32API.SYSTEM_HANDLE_INFORMATION> GetHandles(Process process)
{
var nHandleInfoSize = 0x10000;
var ipHandlePointer = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(nHandleInfoSize);
var nLength = 0;
IntPtr ipHandle;
while (Win32API.NtQuerySystemInformation(CNST_SYSTEM_HANDLE_INFORMATION, ipHandlePointer, nHandleInfoSize, ref nLength) == Win32API.STATUS_INFO_LENGTH_MISMATCH)
{
nHandleInfoSize = nLength;
Marshal.FreeHGlobal(ipHandlePointer);
ipHandlePointer = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(nLength);
}
var baTemp = new byte[nLength];
Marshal.Copy(ipHandlePointer, baTemp, 0, nLength);
long lHandleCount;
if (Is64Bits())
{
lHandleCount = Marshal.ReadInt64(ipHandlePointer);
ipHandle = new IntPtr(ipHandlePointer.ToInt64() + 8);
}
else
{
lHandleCount = Marshal.ReadInt32(ipHandlePointer);
ipHandle = new IntPtr(ipHandlePointer.ToInt32() + 4);
}
var lstHandles = new List<Win32API.SYSTEM_HANDLE_INFORMATION>();
for (long lIndex = 0; lIndex < lHandleCount; lIndex++)
{
var shHandle = new Win32API.SYSTEM_HANDLE_INFORMATION();
if (Is64Bits())
{
shHandle = (Win32API.SYSTEM_HANDLE_INFORMATION)Marshal.PtrToStructure(ipHandle, shHandle.GetType());
ipHandle = new IntPtr(ipHandle.ToInt64() + Marshal.SizeOf(shHandle) + 8);
}
else
{
ipHandle = new IntPtr(ipHandle.ToInt64() + Marshal.SizeOf(shHandle));
shHandle = (Win32API.SYSTEM_HANDLE_INFORMATION)Marshal.PtrToStructure(ipHandle, shHandle.GetType());
}
if (shHandle.ProcessID != process.Id) continue;
lstHandles.Add(shHandle);
}
return lstHandles;
}
private static bool Is64Bits()
{
return Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(IntPtr)) == 8;
}
internal class Win32API
{
[DllImport("ntdll.dll")]
public static extern int NtQueryObject(IntPtr ObjectHandle, int
ObjectInformationClass, IntPtr ObjectInformation, int ObjectInformationLength,
ref int returnLength);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
public static extern uint QueryDosDevice(string lpDeviceName, StringBuilder lpTargetPath, int ucchMax);
[DllImport("ntdll.dll")]
public static extern uint NtQuerySystemInformation(int
SystemInformationClass, IntPtr SystemInformation, int SystemInformationLength,
ref int returnLength);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
public static extern IntPtr OpenProcess(ProcessAccessFlags dwDesiredAccess, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)] bool bInheritHandle, int dwProcessId);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
public static extern int CloseHandle(IntPtr hObject);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
public static extern bool DuplicateHandle(IntPtr hSourceProcessHandle,
ushort hSourceHandle, IntPtr hTargetProcessHandle, out IntPtr lpTargetHandle,
uint dwDesiredAccess, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)] bool bInheritHandle, uint dwOptions);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
public static extern IntPtr GetCurrentProcess();
public enum ObjectInformationClass
{
ObjectBasicInformation = 0,
ObjectNameInformation = 1,
ObjectTypeInformation = 2,
ObjectAllTypesInformation = 3,
ObjectHandleInformation = 4
}
[Flags]
public enum ProcessAccessFlags : uint
{
All = 0x001F0FFF,
Terminate = 0x00000001,
CreateThread = 0x00000002,
VMOperation = 0x00000008,
VMRead = 0x00000010,
VMWrite = 0x00000020,
DupHandle = 0x00000040,
SetInformation = 0x00000200,
QueryInformation = 0x00000400,
Synchronize = 0x00100000
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct OBJECT_BASIC_INFORMATION
{ // Information Class 0
public int Attributes;
public int GrantedAccess;
public int HandleCount;
public int PointerCount;
public int PagedPoolUsage;
public int NonPagedPoolUsage;
public int Reserved1;
public int Reserved2;
public int Reserved3;
public int NameInformationLength;
public int TypeInformationLength;
public int SecurityDescriptorLength;
public System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes.FILETIME CreateTime;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct OBJECT_TYPE_INFORMATION
{ // Information Class 2
public UNICODE_STRING Name;
public int ObjectCount;
public int HandleCount;
public int Reserved1;
public int Reserved2;
public int Reserved3;
public int Reserved4;
public int PeakObjectCount;
public int PeakHandleCount;
public int Reserved5;
public int Reserved6;
public int Reserved7;
public int Reserved8;
public int InvalidAttributes;
public GENERIC_MAPPING GenericMapping;
public int ValidAccess;
public byte Unknown;
public byte MaintainHandleDatabase;
public int PoolType;
public int PagedPoolUsage;
public int NonPagedPoolUsage;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct OBJECT_NAME_INFORMATION
{ // Information Class 1
public UNICODE_STRING Name;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 1)]
public struct UNICODE_STRING
{
public ushort Length;
public ushort MaximumLength;
public IntPtr Buffer;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct GENERIC_MAPPING
{
public int GenericRead;
public int GenericWrite;
public int GenericExecute;
public int GenericAll;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 1)]
public struct SYSTEM_HANDLE_INFORMATION
{ // Information Class 16
public int ProcessID;
public byte ObjectTypeNumber;
public byte Flags; // 0x01 = PROTECT_FROM_CLOSE, 0x02 = INHERIT
public ushort Handle;
public int Object_Pointer;
public UInt32 GrantedAccess;
}
public const int MAX_PATH = 260;
public const uint STATUS_INFO_LENGTH_MISMATCH = 0xC0000004;
public const int DUPLICATE_SAME_ACCESS = 0x2;
public const uint FILE_SEQUENTIAL_ONLY = 0x00000004;
}
#endregion
}