我一直在WinForms应用程序中使用MediatR库试验中介模式和CQRS,该应用程序使用实体框架进行数据访问。该应用程序用于批生产工厂,允许用户查看活动和已完成批次的列表,并在必要时更新批次信息。每批都有大量与之相关的信息,例如质量和过程测量。根据这些文章,读取和写入数据被组织到查询和命令中:
Meanwhile... on the query side of my architecture
CQRS with MediatR and AutoMapper
以下是查询和查询处理程序的简单示例。使用SimpleInjector将DataContext
注入到查询处理程序中。
public class GetAllBatchesQuery: IRequest<IEnumerable<Batch>> { }
public class GetAllBatchesQueryHandler :
IRequestHandler<GetAllBatchesQuery, IEnumerable<Batch>>
{
private readonly DataContext _context;
public GetAllBatchesQueryHandler(DataContext context)
{
_context= context;
}
public IEnumerable<Batch> Handle(GetAllBatchesQueryrequest)
{
return _db.Batches.ToList();
}
}
这将从演示者调用如下:
var batches = mediator.Send(new GetAllBatchesQuery());
我遇到的问题是DbContext的生命周期。理想情况下,我希望每个隔离事务使用一个实例,在这种情况下,它包括以下内容:
这会让我走向DbContext的范围或短暂的生活方式。但是,当使用瞬态生活方式时,SimpleInjector会引发以下错误,在注册类型时会引发以下错误:
container.Register<DataContext>();
SimpleInjector.dll中出现未处理的“SimpleInjector.DiagnosticVerificationException”类型异常
其他信息:配置无效。报告了以下诊断警告:
- [Disposable Transient Component] DataContext注册为transient,但实现了IDisposable。
在SimpleInjector网站上研究此问题会显示以下note:
警告:容器不会跟踪瞬态实例。这意味着Simple Injector不会处置瞬态实例。
这使我走上了为DataContext使用Lifetime Scope生活方式的道路。为此,我为我的查询创建了一个新的装饰器类,并将其注册如下:
public class LifetimeScopeDecorator<TRequest, TResponse> :
IRequestHandler<TRequest, TResponse>
where TRequest : IRequest<TResponse>
{
private readonly IRequestHandler<TRequest, TResponse> _decorated;
private readonly Container _container;
public LifetimeScopeDecorator(
IRequestHandler<TRequest, TResponse> decorated,
Container container)
{
_decorated = decorated;
_container = container;
}
public TResponse Handle(TRequest message)
{
using (_container.BeginLifetimeScope())
{
var result = _decorated.Handle(message);
return result;
}
}
}
...
container.RegisterDecorator(
typeof(IRequestHandler<,>),
typeof(ExecutionContextScopeDecorator<,>));
但是,进行此更改会导致另一个异常,这次会抛出以下行:
var batches = mediator.Send(new GetAllBatchesQuery());
MediatR.dll中出现未处理的“System.InvalidOperationException”类型异常
其他信息:找不到类型为MediatorTest.GetAllBatchesQuery的请求处理程序。
未正确配置容器或服务定位器或未在容器中注册处理程序。
调试并查看MediatR代码后,似乎在调用mediator.Send(...)
方法时,通过调用GetAllBatchesQueryHandler
创建container.GetInstance()
类的新实例。但是,由于DataContext
此时不在执行范围内,因此可能无法正确初始化,从而导致异常。
我相信我了解问题的根本原因,但对如何有效解决问题感到茫然。为了更好地说明这个问题,我开发了以下最小的例子。任何实现IDisposable
的类都会导致与DataContext
相同的问题。
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Reflection;
using MediatR;
using SimpleInjector;
using SimpleInjector.Extensions.LifetimeScoping;
namespace MediatorTest
{
public class GetRandomQuery : IRequest<int>
{
public int Min { get; set; }
public int Max { get; set; }
}
public class GetRandomQueryHandler : IRequestHandler<GetRandomQuery, int>
{
private readonly RandomNumberGenerator _r;
public GetRandomQueryHandler(RandomNumberGenerator r)
{
_r = r;
}
public int Handle(GetRandomQuery request)
{
return _r.Next(request.Min, request.Max);
}
}
public class RandomNumberGenerator : IDisposable
{
private Random _random = new Random();
public RandomNumberGenerator() { }
public void Dispose() { }
public int Next(int min, int max)
{
var result = _random.Next(min, max);
return result;
}
}
public class LifetimeScopeDecorator<TRequest, TResponse> :
IRequestHandler<TRequest, TResponse>
where TRequest : IRequest<TResponse>
{
private readonly IRequestHandler<TRequest, TResponse> _decorated;
private readonly Container _container;
public LifetimeScopeDecorator(
IRequestHandler<TRequest, TResponse> decorated,
Container container)
{
_decorated = decorated;
_container = container;
}
public TResponse Handle(TRequest message)
{
using (_container.BeginLifetimeScope())
{
var result = _decorated.Handle(message);
return result;
}
}
}
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
var assemblies = GetAssemblies();
var container = new Container();
container.Options.DefaultScopedLifestyle = new LifetimeScopeLifestyle();
container.RegisterSingleton<IMediator, Mediator>();
container.Register<RandomNumberGenerator>(Lifestyle.Scoped);
container.Register(typeof(IRequestHandler<,>), assemblies);
container.RegisterSingleton(new SingleInstanceFactory(container.GetInstance));
container.RegisterSingleton(new MultiInstanceFactory(container.GetAllInstances));
container.RegisterDecorator(
typeof(IRequestHandler<,>),
typeof(LifetimeScopeDecorator<,>));
container.Verify();
var mediator = container.GetInstance<IMediator>();
var value = mediator.Send(new GetRandomQuery() { Min = 1, Max = 100 });
Console.WriteLine("Value = " + value);
Console.ReadKey();
}
private static IEnumerable<Assembly> GetAssemblies()
{
yield return typeof(IMediator).GetTypeInfo().Assembly;
yield return typeof(GetRandomQuery).GetTypeInfo().Assembly;
}
}
}
答案 0 :(得分:3)
问题是你的decoratee(具有DbContext
依赖关系)是在创建装饰器时创建的,并且那时没有活动范围(因为你在以后的某个时间点创建它) 。你应该使用decoratee工厂描述here。换句话说,您的LifetimeScopeDecorator
应按以下方式实施:
public class LifetimeScopeDecorator<TRequest, TResponse> :
IRequestHandler<TRequest, TResponse>
where TRequest : IRequest<TResponse>
{
private readonly Func<IRequestHandler<TRequest, TResponse>> _decorateeFactory;
private readonly Container _container;
public LifetimeScopeDecorator(
Func<IRequestHandler<TRequest, TResponse>> decorateeFactory,
Container container)
{
_decorateeFactory = decorateeFactory;
_container = container;
}
public TResponse Handle(TRequest message)
{
using (_container.BeginLifetimeScope())
{
var result = _decorateeFactory.Invoke().Handle(message);
return result;
}
}
}
与原始实现的不同之处在于注入了Func<IRequestHandler<TRequest, TResponse>>
而不是IRequestHandler<TRequest, TResponse>
。这允许Simple Injector在创建范围后推迟创建。