我在关于创建API的Flask上发表演讲。我想为它写一些测试。在测试创建资源时是否测试在另一个函数中删除资源?如何使资源的创建持久化以进行删除和编辑测试?
David Baumgold - Prototyping New APIs with Flask - PyCon 2016
该演讲展示了如何为小狗的名字和图片网址制作API。
import py.test
import unittest
from requests import get, post, delete, put
localhost = 'http://localhost:5000'
class TestApi(unittest.TestCase):
def test_list_puppies(self):
index = get(localhost)
assert index.status_code == 200
def test_get_puppy(self):
puppy1 = get(localhost + '/rover')
puppy2 = get(localhost + '/spot')
assert puppy1.status_code == 200 and puppy2.status_code == 200
def test_create_puppy(self):
create = post(localhost, data={
'name': 'lassie', 'image_url': 'lassie_url'})
assert create.status_code == 201
@py.test.mark.skip('cannot fix it')
def test_edit_puppy(self):
ret = put(localhost + '/lassie',
data={'name': 'xxx', 'image_url': 'yyy'})
assert ret.status_code == 201
def test_puppy_exits(self):
lassie = get(localhost + '/lassie').status_code
assert lassie == 200
def test_delete_puppy(self):
ret = delete(localhost + '/lassie')
assert ret.status_code == 200
@app.route('/', methods=['POST'])
def create_puppy():
puppy, errors = puppy_schema.load(request.form)
if errors:
response = jsonify(errors)
response.status_code = 400
return response
puppy.slug = slugify(puppy.name)
# create in database
db.session.add(puppy)
db.session.commit()
# return an HTTP response
response = jsonify( {'message': 'puppy created'} )
response.status_code = 201
location = url_for('get_puppy', slug=puppy.slug)
response.headers['location'] = location
return response
@app.route('/<slug>', methods=['DELETE'])
def delete_puppy(slug):
puppy = Puppy.query.filter(Puppy.slug == slug).first_or_404()
db.session.delete(puppy)
db.session.commit()
return jsonify( {'message': '{} deleted'.format(puppy.name)} )
&quot; test_edit_puppy&#39;中的断言语句和&#39; test_puppy_exists&#39;失败。我得到404状态代码而不是201和200。
答案 0 :(得分:3)
你正在测试错误的东西。您可以将更改保留在数据库中,只需提交它,当您运行测试时,但您真的不想这样做。
通过单元测试,您可以测试简单的单元。通过集成测试,这就是您在此处讨论的内容,您仍然希望每个测试都有一个特定的焦点。在这种特殊情况下,您可能希望执行以下操作:
def test_delete_puppy(self):
create = post(localhost, data={
'name': 'lassie', 'image_url': 'lassie_url'})
lassie = get(localhost + '/lassie')
# not sure if there's an "assume" method, but I would
# use that here - the test is not a valid test
# if you can't create a puppy and retrieve the puppy
# then there's really no way to delete something that
# does not exist
assert create.status_code == 201
assert lassie.status_code == 200
ret = delete(localhost + '/lassie')
assert ret.status_code == 200
lassie = get(localhost + '/lassie')
assert lassie.status_code == 404
此测试的重点是测试删除小狗是否正常。但是您希望将数据库中的小狗设置为测试的一部分或测试设置的一部分。它是arrange
的{{1}}部分。在实际执行测试之前,您需要按照正确的顺序安排世界状态。集成测试和单元测试之间的区别在于,通过单元测试,您可以模拟您调用的所有端点,而使用集成测试,您可以实际设置所有数据。在运行测试部分之前需要。你想在这做什么。