将end()迭代器转换为指针

时间:2016-07-17 12:51:38

标签: c++ pointers iterator

要明白:以下是否安全?

vector<int> v;
int const* last = &*v.end(); 
// last is never dereferenced

我担心的是从迭代器获取一个普通旧指针的技巧强制取消引用end()迭代器,这是无效的......即使只是把指针拿回来了!

Backgroud :我正在尝试创建一个由任意类型索引的条目集合(尤其是整数和指向对象的指针)。

template<class IT>
/// requires IT implements addition (e.g. int, random-access iterator)
class IndexingFamily {
    public:
        using IndexType = IT;

        IndexingFamily(IndexType first, IndexType last);
        int size() const;
        IndexType operator[](int i) const;
    private:
        IndexType first;
        IndexType last;
};

template<class IT> IndexingFamily<IT>::
IndexingFamily(IndexType first, IndexType last) 
    : first(first)
    , last(last) {}

template<class IT> auto IndexingFamily<IT>::
size() const -> int {
    return last-first;
}

template<class IT> auto IndexingFamily<IT>::
operator[](int i) const -> IndexType {
    return first+i;
}

template<class IT, class ET>
struct IndexedEntry {
    using IndexType = IT;
    using EntryType = ET;

    IndexType index;
    EntryType entry;
};

template<class IT, class ET>
class CollectionOfEntries {
    public:
        using IndexType = IT;
        using EntryType = ET;

        /// useful methods
    private:
        IndexingFamilyType indexingFamily;
        vector<EntryType> entries;
};


struct MyArbitraryType {};


int main() {
    MyArbitraryType obj0, obj1, obj2;
    vector<MyArbitraryType> v = {obj0,obj1,obj2};

    using IndexType = MyArbitraryType const*;
    IndexingFamily<IndexType> indexingFamily(&*v.begin(),&*v.end());

    using EntryType = double;
    using IndexedEntryType = IndexedEntry<IndexType,EntryType>;
    IndexedEntry entry0 = {&obj0,42.};
    IndexedEntry entry1 = {&obj1,43.};
    vector<IndexedEntryType> entries = {entry0,entry1};

    CollectionOfEntries coll = {indexingFamily,entries};

    return 0;
}

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

取消引用<Resource .... 迭代器会给出任何标准容器的未定义行为。

对于向量,您可以使用

获取与end()迭代器对应的指针
end()

pointer_to_end = v.empty() ? 0 : (&(*v.begin()) + v.size());

如果pointer_to_end = v.data() + v.size(); // v.data() gives null is size is zero 为空v.empty(),则需要检查v。对于C ++ 11或更高版本,在上面使用v.begin() == v.end()代替nullptr通常被认为是更可取的。

答案 1 :(得分:1)

成员函数<iosfwd>返回的迭代器&#34;点&#34;在向量的最后一个元素之后。你可能不会取消引用它。否则程序将具有未定义的行为。

您可以通过以下方式获取相应的指针

plot_ly(
      x = as.vector(de$MO),
      y = de$CNT,
     text = a, hoverinfo = "text", mode="y", type = "bar",
      name = "SF Zo",
       color = as.character(de$MO)
    )%>%
      add_trace(data=de, x=as.vector(de$MO), y=de$CNT, mode="text",text=a, hoverinfo='none',textposition = "top middle", showlegend = FALSE)%>%
      layout(title= paste("Monthly SOI Count of", clientName,"for the year",selectedYear, sep = " ") , xaxis = xQuartAxis, yaxis = yQuartAxis)

如果要使用成员函数end()返回的迭代器,可以编写

end()

考虑到成员函数data()返回向量数据占用的内存范围的原始指针。