使用扩展语法在ES6中进行深层复制

时间:2016-07-16 21:57:17

标签: javascript ecmascript-6 redux spread-syntax

我正在尝试为我的Redux项目创建一个深度复制映射方法,该方法将使用对象而不是数组。我读到在Redux中,每个州都不应该改变以前的状态。

export const mapCopy = (object, callback) => {
    return Object.keys(object).reduce(function (output, key) {

    output[key] = callback.call(this, {...object[key]});

    return output;
    }, {});
}

有效:

    return mapCopy(state, e => {

            if (e.id === action.id) {
                 e.title = 'new item';
            }

            return e;
        })

然而,它并没有深层复制内部项目所以我需要将其调整为:

export const mapCopy = (object, callback) => {
    return Object.keys(object).reduce(function (output, key) {

    let newObject = {...object[key]};
    newObject.style = {...newObject.style};
    newObject.data = {...newObject.data};

    output[key] = callback.call(this, newObject);

    return output;
    }, {});
}

这不太优雅,因为它需要知道传递了哪些对象。 ES6中是否有一种方法可以使用扩展语法来深度复制对象?

11 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:65)

而是将其用于深层复制

NULL



var newObject = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(oldObject))




答案 1 :(得分:50)

ES6没有内置此类功能。我认为你有几个选择取决于你想做什么。

如果你真的想要深层复制:

  1. 使用库。例如,lodash有一个cloneDeep方法。
  2. 实施您自己的克隆功能。
  3. 针对您的特定问题的替代解决方案(无深层复制)

    但是,我认为,如果你愿意改变一些事情,你可以节省一些工作。我假设您控制了所有功能的呼叫站点。

    1. 指定传递给mapCopy的所有回调必须返回新对象,而不是改变现有对象。例如:

      mapCopy(state, e => {
        if (e.id === action.id) {
          return Object.assign({}, e, {
            title: 'new item'
          });
        } else {  
          return e;
        }
      });
      

      这使用Object.assign创建新对象,在该新对象上设置e的属性,然后在该新对象上设置新标题。这意味着您永远不会改变现有对象,只在必要时创建新对象。

    2. mapCopy现在可以非常简单:

      export const mapCopy = (object, callback) => {
        return Object.keys(object).reduce(function (output, key) {
          output[key] = callback.call(this, object[key]);
          return output;
        }, {});
      }
      
    3. 基本上,mapCopy信任其来电者做正确的事。这就是我说这假设您控制所有呼叫站点的原因。

答案 2 :(得分:19)

来自MDN

  

注意:在复制数组时,扩展语法有效地深入一级。因此,它可能不适合复制多维数组,如下例所示(它与Object.assign()和扩展语法相同。

就个人而言,我建议使用Lodash's cloneDeep函数进行多级对象/数组克隆。

这是一个有效的例子:



const arr1 = [{ 'a': 1 }];

const arr2 = [...arr1];

const arr3 = _.clone(arr1);

const arr4 = arr1.slice();

const arr5 = _.cloneDeep(arr1);

const arr6 = [...{...arr1}]; // a bit ugly syntax but it is working!


// first level
console.log(arr1 === arr2); // false
console.log(arr1 === arr3); // false
console.log(arr1 === arr4); // false
console.log(arr1 === arr5); // false
console.log(arr1 === arr6); // false

// second level
console.log(arr1[0] === arr2[0]); // true
console.log(arr1[0] === arr3[0]); // true
console.log(arr1[0] === arr4[0]); // true
console.log(arr1[0] === arr5[0]); // false
console.log(arr1[0] === arr6[0]); // false

<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/lodash.js/4.17.4/lodash.js"></script>
&#13;
&#13;
&#13;

答案 3 :(得分:6)

我经常使用这个:

function deepCopy(obj) {
    if(typeof obj !== 'object' || obj === null) {
        return obj;
    }

    if(obj instanceof Date) {
        return new Date(obj.getTime());
    }

    if(obj instanceof Array) {
        return obj.reduce((arr, item, i) => {
            arr[i] = deepCopy(item);
            return arr;
        }, []);
    }

    if(obj instanceof Object) {
        return Object.keys(obj).reduce((newObj, key) => {
            newObj[key] = deepCopy(obj[key]);
            return newObj;
        }, {})
    }
}

答案 4 :(得分:1)

function deepclone(obj) {
    let newObj = {};

    if (typeof obj === 'object') {
        for (let key in obj) {
            let property = obj[key],
                type = typeof property;
            switch (type) {
                case 'object':
                    if( Object.prototype.toString.call( property ) === '[object Array]' ) {
                        newObj[key] = [];
                        for (let item of property) {
                            newObj[key].push(this.deepclone(item))
                        }
                    } else {
                        newObj[key] = deepclone(property);
                    }
                    break;
                default:
                    newObj[key] = property;
                    break;

            }
        }
        return newObj
    } else {
        return obj;
    }
}

答案 5 :(得分:1)

const cloneData = (dataArray) => {
    newData= []
    dataArray.forEach((value) => {
        newData.push({...value})
    })
    return newData
}
  • a = [{{name:“ siva”},{name:“ siva1”}]];
  • b = myCopy(a)
  • b === a //错误`

答案 6 :(得分:1)

我本人昨天就找到了这些答案,试图找到一种方法来深度复制复杂的结构,其中可能包括递归链接。由于之前对任何建议都感到不满意,因此我自己实施了这个轮子。而且效果很好。希望对别人有帮助。

用法示例:

OriginalStruct.deep_copy = deep_copy; // attach the function as a method

TheClone = OriginalStruct.deep_copy();

请查看https://github.com/latitov/JS_DeepCopy,以获取有关如何使用它的实时示例,并且还有deep_print()。

如果您快速需要它,这就是deep_copy()函数的来源:

function deep_copy() {
    'use strict';   // required for undef test of 'this' below

    // Copyright (c) 2019, Leonid Titov, Mentions Highly Appreciated.

    var id_cnt = 1;
    var all_old_objects = {};
    var all_new_objects = {};
    var root_obj = this;

    if (root_obj === undefined) {
        console.log(`deep_copy() error: wrong call context`);
        return;
    }

    var new_obj = copy_obj(root_obj);

    for (var id in all_old_objects) {
        delete all_old_objects[id].__temp_id;
    }

    return new_obj;
    //

    function copy_obj(o) {
        var new_obj = {};
        if (o.__temp_id === undefined) {
            o.__temp_id = id_cnt;
            all_old_objects[id_cnt] = o;
            all_new_objects[id_cnt] = new_obj;
            id_cnt ++;

            for (var prop in o) {
                if (o[prop] instanceof Array) {
                    new_obj[prop] = copy_array(o[prop]);
                }
                else if (o[prop] instanceof Object) {
                    new_obj[prop] = copy_obj(o[prop]);
                }
                else if (prop === '__temp_id') {
                    continue;
                }
                else {
                    new_obj[prop] = o[prop];
                }
            }
        }
        else {
            new_obj = all_new_objects[o.__temp_id];
        }
        return new_obj;
    }
    function copy_array(a) {
        var new_array = [];
        if (a.__temp_id === undefined) {
            a.__temp_id = id_cnt;
            all_old_objects[id_cnt] = a;
            all_new_objects[id_cnt] = new_array;
            id_cnt ++;

            a.forEach((v,i) => {
                if (v instanceof Array) {
                    new_array[i] = copy_array(v);
                }
                else if (v instanceof Object) {
                    new_array[i] = copy_object(v);
                }
                else {
                    new_array[i] = v;
                }
            });
        }
        else {
            new_array = all_new_objects[a.__temp_id];
        }
        return new_array;
    }
}

干杯@!

答案 7 :(得分:1)

这是deepClone函数,可处理所有原始,数组,对象,函数数据类型

function deepClone(obj){
	if(Array.isArray(obj)){
		var arr = [];
		for (var i = 0; i < obj.length; i++) {
			arr[i] = deepClone(obj[i]);
		}
		return arr;
	}

	if(typeof(obj) == "object"){
		var cloned = {};
		for(let key in obj){
			cloned[key] = deepClone(obj[key])
		}
		return cloned;	
	}
	return obj;
}

console.log( deepClone(1) )

console.log( deepClone('abc') )

console.log( deepClone([1,2]) )

console.log( deepClone({a: 'abc', b: 'def'}) )

console.log( deepClone({
  a: 'a',
  num: 123,
  func: function(){'hello'},
  arr: [[1,2,3,[4,5]], 'def'],
  obj: {
    one: {
      two: {
        three: 3
      }
    }
  }
}) ) 

答案 8 :(得分:1)

这是我的深层复制算法。

const DeepClone = (obj) => {
     if(obj===null||typeof(obj)!=='object')return null;
    let newObj = { ...obj };

    for (let prop in obj) {
      if (
        typeof obj[prop] === "object" ||
        typeof obj[prop] === "function"
      ) {
        newObj[prop] = DeepClone(obj[prop]);
      }
    }

    return newObj;
  };

答案 9 :(得分:0)

// use: clone( <thing to copy> ) returns <new copy>
// untested use at own risk
function clone(o, m){
  // return non object values
  if('object' !==typeof o) return o
  // m: a map of old refs to new object refs to stop recursion
  if('object' !==typeof m || null ===m) m =new WeakMap()
  var n =m.get(o)
  if('undefined' !==typeof n) return n
  // shallow/leaf clone object
  var c =Object.getPrototypeOf(o).constructor
  // TODO: specialize copies for expected built in types i.e. Date etc
  switch(c) {
    // shouldn't be copied, keep reference
    case Boolean:
    case Error:
    case Function:
    case Number:
    case Promise:
    case String:
    case Symbol:
    case WeakMap:
    case WeakSet:
      n =o
      break;
    // array like/collection objects
    case Array:
      m.set(o, n =o.slice(0))
      // recursive copy for child objects
      n.forEach(function(v,i){
        if('object' ===typeof v) n[i] =clone(v, m)
      });
      break;
    case ArrayBuffer:
      m.set(o, n =o.slice(0))
      break;
    case DataView:
      m.set(o, n =new (c)(clone(o.buffer, m), o.byteOffset, o.byteLength))
      break;
    case Map:
    case Set:
      m.set(o, n =new (c)(clone(Array.from(o.entries()), m)))
      break;
    case Int8Array:
    case Uint8Array:
    case Uint8ClampedArray:
    case Int16Array:
    case Uint16Array:
    case Int32Array:
    case Uint32Array:
    case Float32Array:
    case Float64Array:
      m.set(o, n =new (c)(clone(o.buffer, m), o.byteOffset, o.length))
      break;
    // use built in copy constructor
    case Date:
    case RegExp:
      m.set(o, n =new (c)(o))
      break;
    // fallback generic object copy
    default:
      m.set(o, n =Object.assign(new (c)(), o))
      // recursive copy for child objects
      for(c in n) if('object' ===typeof n[c]) n[c] =clone(n[c], m)
  }
  return n
}

答案 10 :(得分:0)

const a = {
  foods: {
    dinner: 'Pasta'
  }
}
let b = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(a))
b.foods.dinner = 'Soup'
console.log(b.foods.dinner) // Soup
console.log(a.foods.dinner) // Pasta

使用JSON.stringifyJSON.parse是最好的方法。因为当json对象中包含另一个对象时,使用散布运算符将无法获得有效的答案。我们需要手动指定。