众所周知,建议使用javax.enterprise.context
而不是javax.faces.bean
的注释,因为它们已被弃用。
我们都发现ManagedBeans eager="true"
注释了来自@ApplicationScoped
的{{1}},并且使用javax.faces.bean
方法对于Web应用程序初始化非常有用,例如:从文件中读取属性系统,初始化数据库连接等...
示例:
@PostConstruct
我想知道的是,如果我使用import javax.faces.bean.ApplicationScoped;
import javax.faces.bean.ManagedBean;
import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
@ApplicationScoped
@ManagedBean(eager=true)
public class someBean{
@PostConstruct
public void init(){
//Do all needed application initialization.
}
...
}
中的注释,我怎么能得到相同的行为。
注意:的
来自javax.enterprise.context
的{{1}}注释将有助于运行该代码,但仅在应用服务器 启动 时部署webapp时。
答案 0 :(得分:11)
CDI或JSF不提供此功能。你可以使用自定义CDI限定符和ServletContextListener
来创建自己的webg,以挂钩webapp启动。
@Qualifier
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
public @interface Eager {
//
}
@WebListener
public class EagerListener implements ServletContextListener{
private static final AnnotationLiteral<Eager> EAGER_ANNOTATION = new AnnotationLiteral<Eager>() {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
};
@Override
public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent event) {
CDI.current().select(EAGER_ANNOTATION).forEach(bean -> bean.toString());
}
@Override
public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent event) {
// NOOP.
}
}
(注意:toString()
触发延迟实例化)
import com.example.Eager;
import javax.enterprise.context.ApplicationScoped;
@Eager
@ApplicationScoped
public class YourEagerApplicationScopedBean {
@PostConstruct
public void init() {
System.out.println("Application scoped init!");
}
}
对于现有的库,只有JSF实用程序库OmniFaces提供@Eager
框。
import org.omnifaces.cdi.Eager;
import javax.enterprise.context.ApplicationScoped;
@Eager
@ApplicationScoped
public class YourEagerApplicationScopedBean {
@PostConstruct
public void init() {
System.out.println("Application scoped init!");
}
}
@SessionScoped
,@ViewScoped
和@RequestScoped
也是supported。
无论采用何种方法,唯一的缺点是在构造bean时FacesContext
不可用。但这不应该是一个大问题,使用CDI,您可以直接@Inject
感兴趣的工件,例如ServletContext
或HttpSession
。
答案 1 :(得分:2)
CDI 1.1还提供了一种观察范围生命周期事件的标准方法,例如:
public void processApplicationScopedInit(@Observes @Initialized(ApplicationScoped.class) ServletContext payload) {}
public void processApplicationScopedDestroyed(@Observes @Destroyed(ApplicationScoped.class) ServletContext payload) {}
有关详细信息:http://www.next-presso.com/2014/06/you-think-you-know-everything-about-cdi-events-think-again/
答案 2 :(得分:1)
作为替代方案,您可以使用EJB而不是CDI。然后你就可以拥有一个带@Startup的@Singleton
import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import javax.ejb.Singleton;
import javax.ejb.Startup;
@Singleton
@Startup
public class SomeBean {
@PostConstruct
public void init(){
//Do all needed application initialization.
}
...
}
答案 3 :(得分:0)
这是我使用的一种方法:
import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import javax.ejb.Singleton;
import javax.ejb.Startup;
import javax.enterprise.context.ApplicationScoped;
import javax.enterprise.inject.Any;
import javax.enterprise.inject.spi.BeanManager;
import javax.enterprise.util.AnnotationLiteral;
import javax.inject.Inject;
@Startup
@Singleton
public class AppStartup
{
@Inject
private BeanManager beanManager;
@PostConstruct
public void init()
{
// enforce initializing eager CDI beans
var beans = beanManager.getBeans(Object.class, new AnnotationLiteral<Any>(){});
for(var bean : beans)
{
if(bean.getBeanClass().getAnnotation(Eager.class) != null && bean.getBeanClass().getAnnotation(ApplicationScoped.class) != null)
{
var beanProxyInstance = beanManager.getReference(bean, bean.getBeanClass(), beanManager.createCreationalContext(bean));
// invoking toString() on the proxy object will invoke the method annotated with @PostConstruct, if has not been invoked yet
beanProxyInstance.toString();
}
}
}
}
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.TYPE;
import static java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME;
@Retention(RUNTIME)
@Target({TYPE})
public @interface Eager {}
import javax.enterprise.context.ApplicationScoped;
@Eager
@ApplicationScoped
public class SomeCdiBean {}
现在,您可以在没有任何其他限定符的情况下注入此CDI bean:
@Inject
private SomeCdiBean someCdiBean;