当数组中元素的顺序不重要或甚至可能发生变化时,断言两个对象数组是否相等的好方法是什么?
答案 0 :(得分:163)
您可以使用PHPUnit 7.5中添加的 assertEqualsCanonicalizing 方法。如果使用此方法比较数组,则这些数组将按PHPUnit数组比较器本身进行排序。
代码示例:
class ArraysTest extends \PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase
{
public function testEquality()
{
$obj1 = $this->getObject(1);
$obj2 = $this->getObject(2);
$obj3 = $this->getObject(3);
$array1 = [$obj1, $obj2, $obj3];
$array2 = [$obj2, $obj1, $obj3];
// Pass
$this->assertEqualsCanonicalizing($array1, $array2);
// Fail
$this->assertEquals($array1, $array2);
}
private function getObject($value)
{
$result = new \stdClass();
$result->property = $value;
return $result;
}
}
在旧版本的PHPUnit中,您可以使用 assertEquals 方法的未记录的参数$ canonicalize。如果您传递 $ canonicalize = true ,您将获得相同的效果:
class ArraysTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
{
public function testEquality()
{
$obj1 = $this->getObject(1);
$obj2 = $this->getObject(2);
$obj3 = $this->getObject(3);
$array1 = [$obj1, $obj2, $obj3];
$array2 = [$obj2, $obj1, $obj3];
// Pass
$this->assertEquals($array1, $array2, "\$canonicalize = true", 0.0, 10, true);
// Fail
$this->assertEquals($array1, $array2, "Default behaviour");
}
private function getObject($value)
{
$result = new stdclass();
$result->property = $value;
return $result;
}
}
在最新版本的PHPUnit中编译比较器源代码:https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/comparator/blob/master/src/ArrayComparator.php#L46
答案 1 :(得分:34)
我的问题是我有2个数组(数组键与我无关,只是值)。
例如,我想测试是否
$expected = array("0" => "green", "2" => "red", "5" => "blue", "9" => "pink");
具有与
相同的内容(与我无关的顺序)$actual = array("0" => "pink", "1" => "green", "3" => "yellow", "red", "blue");
所以我使用了array_diff。
最终结果是(如果数组相等,差异将导致空数组)。请注意,差异是双向计算的(感谢@beret,@ GordonM)
$this->assertEmpty(array_merge(array_diff($expected, $actual), array_diff($actual, $expected)));
有关更详细的错误消息(在调试时),您也可以像这样测试(感谢@DenilsonSá):
$this->assertSame(array_diff($expected, $actual), array_diff($actual, $expected));
里面有bug的旧版本:
$ this-> assertEmpty(array_diff($ array2,$ array1));
答案 2 :(得分:33)
最简洁的方法是使用新的断言方法扩展phpunit。但现在这是一个更简单的方法。未经测试的代码,请验证:
你应用中的某个地方:
/**
* Determine if two associative arrays are similar
*
* Both arrays must have the same indexes with identical values
* without respect to key ordering
*
* @param array $a
* @param array $b
* @return bool
*/
function arrays_are_similar($a, $b) {
// if the indexes don't match, return immediately
if (count(array_diff_assoc($a, $b))) {
return false;
}
// we know that the indexes, but maybe not values, match.
// compare the values between the two arrays
foreach($a as $k => $v) {
if ($v !== $b[$k]) {
return false;
}
}
// we have identical indexes, and no unequal values
return true;
}
在你的测试中:
$this->assertTrue(arrays_are_similar($foo, $bar));
答案 3 :(得分:18)
另一种可能性:
$arr = array(23, 42, 108);
$exp = array(42, 23, 108);
sort($arr);
sort($exp);
$this->assertEquals(json_encode($exp), json_encode($arr));
答案 4 :(得分:14)
简单帮助方法
protected function assertEqualsArrays($expected, $actual, $message) {
$this->assertTrue(count($expected) == count(array_intersect($expected, $actual)), $message);
}
或者,如果在数组不相等时需要更多调试信息
protected function assertEqualsArrays($expected, $actual, $message) {
sort($expected);
sort($actual);
$this->assertEquals($expected, $actual, $message);
}
答案 5 :(得分:7)
如果数组是可排序的,我会在检查相等性之前对它们进行排序。如果没有,我会将它们转换为某种类型的集合并进行比较。
答案 6 :(得分:6)
使用array_diff():
$a1 = array(1, 2, 3);
$a2 = array(3, 2, 1);
// error when arrays don't have the same elements (order doesn't matter):
$this->assertEquals(0, count(array_diff($a1, $a2)) + count(array_diff($a2, $a1)));
或者有2个断言(更容易阅读):
// error when arrays don't have the same elements (order doesn't matter):
$this->assertEquals(0, count(array_diff($a1, $a2)));
$this->assertEquals(0, count(array_diff($a2, $a1)));
答案 7 :(得分:5)
我们在测试中使用以下包装器方法:
/**
* Assert that two arrays are equal. This helper method will sort the two arrays before comparing them if
* necessary. This only works for one-dimensional arrays, if you need multi-dimension support, you will
* have to iterate through the dimensions yourself.
* @param array $expected the expected array
* @param array $actual the actual array
* @param bool $regard_order whether or not array elements may appear in any order, default is false
* @param bool $check_keys whether or not to check the keys in an associative array
*/
protected function assertArraysEqual(array $expected, array $actual, $regard_order = false, $check_keys = true) {
// check length first
$this->assertEquals(count($expected), count($actual), 'Failed to assert that two arrays have the same length.');
// sort arrays if order is irrelevant
if (!$regard_order) {
if ($check_keys) {
$this->assertTrue(ksort($expected), 'Failed to sort array.');
$this->assertTrue(ksort($actual), 'Failed to sort array.');
} else {
$this->assertTrue(sort($expected), 'Failed to sort array.');
$this->assertTrue(sort($actual), 'Failed to sort array.');
}
}
$this->assertEquals($expected, $actual);
}
答案 8 :(得分:5)
如果键是相同的但是乱序,这应该解决它。
您只需按相同的顺序获取密钥并比较结果。
/**
* Assert Array structures are the same
*
* @param array $expected Expected Array
* @param array $actual Actual Array
* @param string|null $msg Message to output on failure
*
* @return bool
*/
public function assertArrayStructure($expected, $actual, $msg = '') {
ksort($expected);
ksort($actual);
$this->assertSame($expected, $actual, $msg);
}
答案 9 :(得分:4)
即使您不关心订单,也可能更容易将其考虑在内:
尝试:
asort($foo);
asort($bar);
$this->assertEquals($foo, $bar);
答案 10 :(得分:2)
给定的解决方案并没有为我完成这项工作,因为我希望能够处理多维数组,并清楚地了解两个数组之间的不同之处。
这是我的功能
public function assertArrayEquals($array1, $array2, $rootPath = array())
{
foreach ($array1 as $key => $value)
{
$this->assertArrayHasKey($key, $array2);
if (isset($array2[$key]))
{
$keyPath = $rootPath;
$keyPath[] = $key;
if (is_array($value))
{
$this->assertArrayEquals($value, $array2[$key], $keyPath);
}
else
{
$this->assertEquals($value, $array2[$key], "Failed asserting that `".$array2[$key]."` matches expected `$value` for path `".implode(" > ", $keyPath)."`.");
}
}
}
}
然后使用它
$this->assertArrayEquals($array1, $array2, array("/"));
答案 11 :(得分:1)
我写了一些简单的代码来首先从多维数组中获取所有键:
/**
* Returns all keys from arrays with any number of levels
* @param array
* @return array
*/
protected function getAllArrayKeys($array)
{
$keys = array();
foreach ($array as $key => $element) {
$keys[] = $key;
if (is_array($array[$key])) {
$keys = array_merge($keys, $this->getAllArrayKeys($array[$key]));
}
}
return $keys;
}
然后测试它们的结构是否相同,无论键的顺序如何:
$expectedKeys = $this->getAllArrayKeys($expectedData);
$actualKeys = $this->getAllArrayKeys($actualData);
$this->assertEmpty(array_diff($expectedKeys, $actualKeys));
HTH
答案 12 :(得分:0)
如果值只是int或字符串,而没有多级数组....
为什么不只是对数组进行排序,将它们转换为字符串...
$mapping = implode(',', array_sort($myArray));
$list = implode(',', array_sort($myExpectedArray));
...然后比较字符串:
$this->assertEquals($myExpectedArray, $myArray);
答案 13 :(得分:-1)
如果您只想测试数组的值,您可以这样做:
$this->assertEquals(array_values($arrayOne), array_values($arrayTwo));
答案 14 :(得分:-3)
另一种选择,就好像你还没有,就是将assertArraySubset
与assertCount
结合起来进行断言。所以,你的代码看起来像。
self::assertCount(EXPECTED_NUM_ELEMENT, $array);
self::assertArraySubset(SUBSET, $array);
通过这种方式,您可以独立于订单,但仍然断言所有元素都存在。