外键在django中不起作用

Question

我正在使用django 1.9.7＆amp; python3.5使用Foreignkey时遇到一些问题。

models.py

from django.db import models


def enum(*sequential, **named):
    enums = dict(zip(sequential, range(len(sequential))), **named)
    reverse = dict((value, key) for key, value in enums.items())
    enums['reverse_mapping'] = reverse
    return type('Enum', (), enums)

Status_enum = enum('WAITING', 'DOWNLOADING', 'COMPLETE')


class Status(models.Model):
    cur_status = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(blank=True, null=True, default=Status_enum.WAITING)

    def __str__(self):
        return Status_enum.reverse_mapping[self.cur_status]

class Source(models.Model):
    site_name = models.CharField(max_length=50, blank=True)
    site_url = models.CharField(max_length=100, blank=True)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.site_name

class Chart(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    singer = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    youtube_url = models.CharField(max_length=100, blank=True)
    source  = models.ForeignKey(Source, null=True, blank=True)
    status = models.ForeignKey(Status, null=True, blank=True)
    download_date = models.DateField(blank=True, null=True)

    def __str__(self):
        return '{} - {} {}'.format(self.title, self.singer, self.status)

view.py

from django.shortcuts import render
from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse
from django.http import HttpResponse, HttpResponseRedirect

from .models import *


def music_list(request):
    status = Status.objects.filter(cur_status=Status_enum.WAITING)
    print(status[0].chart_set.all())
    return render(request, 'music/music_list.html', {'status':status})

def add_chart(request):
    return render(request, 'music/add_chart.html', {})


def site_chart(request, site_name):
    response = site_name + " Chart list"
    return HttpResponse(response)

def save_chart(request):
    title = request.POST['title']
    singer = request.POST['singer']
    status = Status.objects.get_or_create(cur_status=Status_enum.WAITING)
    chart = Chart(title=title, singer=singer, status=status[0])
    status[0].chart_set.add(chart, bulk=False)

    print(status[0].chart_set.all())

    return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('music:music_list'))

在views.py，print(status[0].chart_set.all())和music_list()中的save_chart()有效。它显示了与status相关的所有图表，如下所示：

[<Chart: Sorry - Justin Biber  WAITING>, <Chart: I want it that way - BSB WAITING>, <Chart: Sugar - Maroon5 WAITING>]

但是当我将它传递给'music / music_list.html'时，它没有显示任何图表。 这是我的music_list.html。

<p> HI </p>
<p> {{status}} </p>
{% if status.chart_set.all %}
    AAAAAA
{% else %}
    BBB
{% endif %}
{% for chart in status.chart_set.all %}
    <p>{{ chart }}</p>
{% endfor %}

结果页面是，

我想知道它为什么不在html文件中显示任何图表。感谢

Answer 1

status上下文变量不是单个Status对象，而是filter查询返回的对象列表（在这种情况下，它只包含一个项目）。您需要遍历列表：

{% for s in status %}
    {% for chart in s.chart_set.all %}
        <p>{{ chart }}</p>
    {% endfor %}
{% endfor %}

或明确选择第一项，与您在视图函数中print语句中的方式相同：

{% for chart in status.0.chart_set.all %}
    <p>{{ chart }}</p>
{% endfor %}