我目前有一个将两张纸比较在一起的宏，并突出显示差异。有人可以帮我完成下一个输出到第3个文档的功能，但差异已经突出显示了吗？
列A包含Sheet1（新）和Sheet2（旧）上的唯一ID。目前Sheet1将以绿色突出显示新ID，而现有ID中的更改将在任何更改位置以黄色突出显示。
我一直在尝试添加下一个代码，其中突出显示的差异在第三张纸上生成并显示更改但没有运气。
请原谅我糟糕的编程逻辑......
Sub Compare()
Compare Macro
Const ID_COL As Integer = 1 'ID is in this column
Const NUM_COLS As Integer = 120 'how many columns are being compared?
Dim shtNew As Excel.Worksheet, shtOld As Excel.Worksheet, shtChange As Excel.Worksheet
Dim rwNew As Range, rwOld As Range, f As Range, rwRes As Range
Dim x As Integer, Id
Dim valOld, valNew
Set dict = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary")
Sheets.Add After:=Sheets(Sheets.Count)
ActiveSheet.Name = "Change Report"
Range("A1").Select
ActiveCell.FormulaR1C1 = "Change Type"
Selection.Font.Bold = True
Columns("A:A").EntireColumn.AutoFit
Range("B1").Select
ActiveCell.FormulaR1C1 = "ID"
Selection.Font.Bold = True
Columns("B:B").EntireColumn.AutoFit
Range("C1").Select
ActiveCell.FormulaR1C1 = "Name"
Selection.Font.Bold = True
Columns("C:C").EntireColumn.AutoFit
Range("D1").Select
ActiveCell.FormulaR1C1 = "Product"
Selection.Font.Bold = True
Columns("D:D").EntireColumn.AutoFit
Range("E1").Select
ActiveCell.FormulaR1C1 = "Old"
Selection.Font.Bold = True
Columns("E:E").EntireColumn.AutoFit
Range("F1").Select
ActiveCell.FormulaR1C1 = "New"
Selection.Font.Bold = True
Columns("F:F").EntireColumn.AutoFit
Range("G1").Select
ActiveCell.FormulaR1C1 = "Difference"
Selection.Font.Bold = True
Columns("G:G").EntireColumn.AutoFit
Sheets("Sheet1").Select
Set shtNew = ActiveWorkbook.Sheets("Sheet1")
Set shtOld = ActiveWorkbook.Sheets("Sheet2")
Set shtChange = ActiveWorkbook.Sheets("Change Report")
ActiveWorkbook.Worksheets("Sheet1").AutoFilterMode = False
ActiveWorkbook.Worksheets("Sheet2").AutoFilterMode = False
ActiveWorkbook.Worksheets("Change Report").AutoFilterMode = False
Set rwNew = shtNew.Rows(2) 'first entry on "current" sheet
Set rwRes = shtChange.Rows(2)
ActiveWorkbook.Worksheets("Sheet1").AutoFilterMode = False
ActiveWorkbook.Worksheets("Sheet2").AutoFilterMode = False
Do While rwNew.Cells(ID_COL).Value <> "" 'Compares new Sheet to old Sheet
rwRes.EntireRow(x).Value = rwNew.EntireRow(x).Value
Id = rwNew.Cells(ID_COL).Value
Set f = shtOld.UsedRange.Columns(ID_COL).Find(Id, , xlValues, xlWhole)
If Not f Is Nothing Then
Set rwOld = f.EntireRow
For x = 1 To NUM_COLS
r = 1
If rwNew.Cells(x).Value <> rwOld.Cells(x).Value Then
rwNew.Cells(x).Interior.Color = vbYellow
'rwRes.Cells(r, 2).Value = rwNew.Cells(x, 1).Value 'ID
'rwRes.Cells(r, 3).Value = rwNew.Cells(x, 11).Value 'Name
'rwRes.Cells(r, 4).Value = rwNew.Cells(x, 12).Value 'Product
'rwRes.Cells(r, 5).Value = rwOld.Cells(x, 14).Value 'Price old
'rwRes.Cells(r, 6).Value = rwNew.Cells(x, 14).Value 'Price new
'Percentage Change from old to new 'Difference
r = r + 1
Else
rwNew.Cells(x).Interior.ColorIndex = xlNone
End If
Next x
Else
rwNew.EntireRow.Interior.Color = vbGreen 'new entry
'rwRes.Cells(r, x).Value = rwNew.Cells(x, 1).Value
'rwRes.Cells(r, 2).Value = rwNew.Cells(x, 1).Value 'ID
'rwRes.Cells(r, 3).Value = rwNew.Cells(x, 11).Value 'Name
'rwRes.Cells(r, 4).Value = rwNew.Cells(x, 12).Value 'Product
'rwRes.Cells(r, 6).Value = rwNew.Cells(x, 14).Value 'Price
r = r + 1
End If
Set rwNew = rwNew.Offset(1, 0) 'next row to compare
Loop
Selection.AutoFilter
MsgBox ("Complete")
End Sub
答案 0 :(得分：0)
您需要设置对Microsoft Scripting Runtime的引用。
这应该非常接近你想要的。
Class ProductRecord
Option Explicit
Public ChangeType As String
Public ID As String
Public Name As String
Public Product As String
Public OldPrice As Double
Public NewPrice As Double
Public Difference As Double
Public Color As Long
Public Sub Paste(Destination As Range)
Dim arData(5)
Difference = NewPrice - OldPrice
If Color = vbGreen Then ChangeType = "New Product" Else ChangeType = "ID Change"
arData(0) = ChangeType
arData(1) = Name
arData(2) = Product
arData(3) = OldPrice
arData(4) = NewPrice
arData(5) = Difference
Destination.Resize(1, 6) = arData 'WorksheetFunction.Transpose(arData)
Destination.Interior.Color = Color
End Sub
故事的其余部分
选项明确
Sub Compare()
ToggleEvents False
Dim shtNew As Excel.Worksheet, shtOld As Excel.Worksheet, shtChange As Excel.Worksheet
Dim rwNew As Range
Dim k As String
Dim lastRow As Long, x As Long, y
Dim Product As ProductRecord
Dim dProducts As Dictionary
Set dProducts = New Dictionary
Set shtNew = Sheets("Sheet1")
Set shtOld = Sheets("Sheet2")
shtNew.AutoFilterMode = False
shtOld.AutoFilterMode = False
With shtNew
lastRow = .Range("A" & Rows.Count).End(xlUp).Row
For x = 2 To lastRow
For Each y In Array(1, 11, 12, 14)
If .Cells(x, y).Interior.color = vbYellow Or .Cells(x, y).Interior.color = vbGreen Then
Set Product = New ProductRecord
k = .Cells(x, 1).Value
Product.color = .Cells(x, y).Interior.color
Product.ID = .Cells(x, 1).Value 'ID
Product.Name = .Cells(x, 11).Value 'Name
Product.Product = .Cells(x, 12).Value 'Product
Product.NewPrice = .Cells(x, 14).Value 'Price old
If Not dProducts.Exists(k) Then
dProducts.Add k, Product
Exit For
End If
End If
Next
Next
End With
If dProducts.Count > 0 Then
With shtOld
lastRow = .Range("A" & Rows.Count).End(xlUp).Row
For x = 2 To lastRow
k = .Cells(x, 1).Value
If dProducts.Exists(k) Then
dProducts(k).OldPrice = .Cells(x, 14).Value 'ID
End If
Next
End With
End If
Set shtChange = getChangeReportWorkSheet
With shtChange.Range("A1:G1")
.Value = Array("Change Type", "ID", "Name", "Product", "Old", "New", "Difference")
Selection.Font.Bold = True
End With
With shtChange
lastRow = dProducts.Count - 1
For x = 0 To lastRow
dProducts.Items(x).Paste .Cells(x + 2, 1)
Next
.Range("A1:G1").EntireColumn.AutoFit
End With
ToggleEvents True
'Selection.AutoFilter
MsgBox ("Complete")
End Sub
Sub ToggleEvents(EnableEvents As Boolean)
With Application
.EnableEvents = EnableEvents
.Calculation = IIf(EnableEvents, xlCalculationAutomatic, xlCalculationManual)
End With
End Sub
Function getChangeReportWorkSheet() As Worksheet
Application.DisplayAlerts = False
On Error Resume Next
Worksheets("Change Report").Delete
On Error GoTo 0
Application.DisplayAlerts = True
Set getChangeReportWorkSheet = Sheets.Add(After:=Sheets(Sheets.Count))
getChangeReportWorkSheet.Name = "Change Report"
End Function
答案 1 :(得分：0)
作为Thomas发布的解决方案的替代方案，您可以使用词典来存储每个唯一ID和相关列的索引。通过基于硬编码数组（vHeader和vLookFor）和range.find方法的循环中的字典填充，这使您可以更改列的位置以及代码的某种程度行为，而无需担心索引会进一步下降。
该脚本首先填充新旧工作表的标题和ID的字典，然后循环新的ID键，以找到对任何设置为相关字段的字段进行更改的字典。 vLookFor，以及全新的。
在创建shtChange标头范围时使用函数columnLetter可确保如果向vheader添加字段，它将自动添加到shtChange.To避免必须删除shtChange以防您想要重新运行宏，我添加了一个doExist函数 - 它只是删除工作表并返回一个同名的新工作表对象。
如果识别出差异或新字段，则将该行移至shtChange并计算差值（新价格/旧价格以％表示）。
更改列的顺序将在当前破坏您通过字段检查所有120列，但您可以更新它以使用字典，或更具体地range.find，减轻用户倾向于做的事情（移动列，排序等） - 但责怪你。
Sub Compare()
'reference to Microsoft scripting runtime is a prerequisite for Dictionaries to work
'can the shtOld.usedrange.columns.count potentially substitute this hardcode?
Const ID_COL As Integer = 1 'ID is in this column
Const NUM_COLS As Integer = 120 'how many columns are being compared
Dim shtNew As Worksheet, shtOld As Worksheet, shtChange As Worksheet
Dim vHeader As Variant
Dim vLookFor As Variant
Dim vElement As Variant
Dim vKeyID As Variant
Dim vKeyValueIdx As Variant
Dim oldRowIdx As Variant
Dim oldColIdx As Variant
Dim newRowIdx As Variant
Dim newColIdx As Variant
Dim chgRowIdx As Long
Dim oldPriceIdx As Long
Dim newPriceIdx As Long
Dim diffPriceIdx As Long
Dim chgTypeIdx As Long
Dim shtChangeName As String
Dim oldIndexDict As Dictionary
Dim oldIdRowDict As Dictionary
Dim newIndexDict As Dictionary
Dim newIdRowDict As Dictionary
Dim chgIndexDict As Dictionary
Dim i As Long, j As Long, k As Long, m As Long, n As Long
Dim x As Integer, Id
Dim valOld, valNew
'some intital parameters
shtChangeName = "Change Report"
'rather than printing the header one value at a time, then you can simply place an array directly into the range
vHeader = Array("Change Type", "ID", "Name", "Product", "Old Price", "New Price", "Difference")
'we create a array for the headers that we will be looking for, for the shtChange
vLookFor = Array("ID", "Name", "Product", "Price")
'setting the worksheet object
Set shtNew = ThisWorkbook.Sheets("Sheet1")
Set shtOld = ThisWorkbook.Sheets("Sheet2")
'add the shtChange
Set shtChange = doExist(shtChangeName) 'I really hate having to manually delete a worksheets in case I want to rerun, so I added the doExist function to delete the sheet if it allready exist
'disable any data fitler
shtNew.AutoFilterMode = False
shtOld.AutoFilterMode = False
'Generating the bold headers for the change sheet, to avoid retyping the range over and over again, we use with
With shtChange.Range("A1:" & ColumnLetter(UBound(vHeader) + 1) & "1") 'this is implicitly repeated for all rows, e.g. '.value' -> 'shtChange.Range("A1:G1").value'
.Value = vHeader
.Font.Bold = True
End With
'I will be using dictionaries to find my way around the position of specific headers and ID's. This I do for added robustness, in case the business decides to move columns, change the sorting etc. in only the old or new sheet
Set oldIndexDict = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary") 'for header index
Set oldIdRowDict = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary") 'for ID row index
Set newIndexDict = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary") 'for header index
Set newIdRowDict = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary") 'for ID row index
Set chgIndexDict = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary") 'for header index
'we populate the index dictionaries
For Each vElement In vLookFor
If Not newIndexDict.Exists(CStr(vElement)) Then
oldIndexDict.Add CStr(vElement), shtOld.Range("1:1").Find(what:=CStr(vElement), LookIn:=xlValues, LookAt:=xlWhole).Column
newIndexDict.Add CStr(vElement), shtNew.Range("1:1").Find(what:=CStr(vElement), LookIn:=xlValues, LookAt:=xlWhole).Column
On Error Resume Next
chgIndexDict.Add CStr(vElement), shtChange.Range("1:1").Find(what:=CStr(vElement), LookIn:=xlValues, LookAt:=xlWhole).Column
On Error GoTo 0
End If
Next
'In case the data is not ordered exactly the same in the new and old sheets, we populate the IdRow dictionaries to enable us to find the position of a specific ID in either sheet
'first the oldSht
For i = 2 To shtOld.UsedRange.Rows.Count 'be aware that if your data does not start on row 1, the usedrange will not accurately reflect the true last row number
If Not oldIdRowDict.Exists(CStr(shtOld.Cells(i, oldIndexDict("ID")))) And CStr(shtOld.Cells(i, oldIndexDict("ID"))) <> "" Then
oldIdRowDict.Add CStr(shtOld.Cells(i, oldIndexDict("ID"))), i
End If
Next
'then the newSht
For j = 2 To shtNew.UsedRange.Rows.Count 'be aware that if your data does not start on row 1, the usedrange will not accurately reflect the true last row number
If Not newIdRowDict.Exists(CStr(shtNew.Cells(j, newIndexDict("ID")))) And CStr(shtNew.Cells(j, newIndexDict("ID"))) <> "" Then
newIdRowDict.Add CStr(shtNew.Cells(j, newIndexDict("ID"))), j
End If
Next
'get indexes for fields specific for shtChange
chgTypeIdx = shtChange.Range("1:1").Find(what:="Change Type", LookIn:=xlValues, LookAt:=xlWhole).Column 'index for changetype
oldPriceIdx = shtChange.Range("1:1").Find(what:="Old Price", LookIn:=xlValues, LookAt:=xlWhole).Column 'index for old price
newPriceIdx = shtChange.Range("1:1").Find(what:="New Price", LookIn:=xlValues, LookAt:=xlWhole).Column 'indexd for new price
diffPriceIdx = shtChange.Range("1:1").Find(what:="Difference", LookIn:=xlValues, LookAt:=xlWhole).Column 'index for difference column
'then we loop the keys in the New sheet and make the relevant comparision, incl. move to shtChange
For Each vKeyID In newIdRowDict.Keys
'retrieve the relevant indexes for the columns going into the shtChange
newRowIdx = newIdRowDict(vKeyID)
If oldIdRowDict.Exists(vKeyID) Then
oldRowIdx = oldIdRowDict(vKeyID)
For Each vKeyValueIdx In newIndexDict.Keys
If shtOld.Cells(oldRowIdx, oldIndexDict(vKeyValueIdx)) <> shtNew.Cells(newRowIdx, newIndexDict(vKeyValueIdx)) Then
chgRowIdx = shtChange.UsedRange.Rows.Count + 1
shtChange.Cells(chgRowIdx, chgTypeIdx) = "Update" 'the key allready existed in the old sheet, so update
For m = LBound(vLookFor) To UBound(vLookFor)
If chgIndexDict.Exists(vLookFor(m)) Then
shtChange.Cells(chgRowIdx, chgIndexDict(vLookFor(m))) = shtNew.Cells(newRowIdx, newIndexDict(vLookFor(m)))
End If
Next
shtChange.Cells(chgRowIdx, oldPriceIdx) = shtOld.Cells(oldRowIdx, oldIndexDict("Price"))
shtChange.Cells(chgRowIdx, newPriceIdx) = shtNew.Cells(newRowIdx, newIndexDict("Price"))
shtChange.Cells(chgRowIdx, diffPriceIdx) = shtChange.Cells(chgRowIdx, newPriceIdx) / shtChange.Cells(chgRowIdx, oldPriceIdx)
End If
Next
shtChange.Columns(diffPriceIdx).NumberFormat = "0.0%"
'This is subject to risk of moved columns etc., but to retain functionality of the posted code we loop all columns the respective ID, and set the colors
For k = 1 To NUM_COLS
If shtOld.Cells(oldRowIdx, k).Value <> shtNew.Cells(newRowIdx, k).Value Then
shtNew.Cells(newRowIdx, k).Interior.Color = vbYellow
Else
shtNew.Cells(newRowIdx, k).Interior.ColorIndex = xlNone
End If
Next
Else 'it is a new entry
shtNew.Range("A" & newRowIdx).EntireRow.Interior.Color = vbGreen 'new entry
chgRowIdx = shtChange.UsedRange.Rows.Count + 1
For n = LBound(vLookFor) To UBound(vLookFor) 'loops the elements of the search fields, and if they exist in shtChange, we fetch the value from shtNew
If chgIndexDict.Exists(vLookFor(n)) Then
shtChange.Cells(chgRowIdx, chgIndexDict(vLookFor(n))) = shtNew.Cells(newRowIdx, newIndexDict(vLookFor(n)))
End If
Next
shtChange.Cells(chgRowIdx, chgTypeIdx) = "New" 'key is new, so New
shtChange.Cells(chgRowIdx, newPriceIdx) = shtNew.Cells(newRowIdx, newIndexDict("Price")) 'since the element is new, only the new price is relevant for shtChange
End If
Next
shtChange.Range("A1:G1").Columns.AutoFit
shtChange.Range("A1").AutoFilter
'set the dicts to nothing
Set oldIndexDict = Nothing
Set oldIdRowDict = Nothing
Set newIndexDict = Nothing
Set newIdRowDict = Nothing
Set chgIndexDict = Nothing
MsgBox ("Complete")
End Sub
Function doExist(strSheetName) As Worksheet
Dim wb As Workbook: Set wb = ThisWorkbook
Dim wsTest As Worksheet
Dim nWs As Worksheet
Set wsTest = Nothing
On Error Resume Next
Set wsTest = wb.Worksheets(strSheetName)
On Error GoTo 0
If Not wsTest Is Nothing Then
Application.DisplayAlerts = False
wsTest.Delete
Application.DisplayAlerts = True
End If
Set doExist = wb.Worksheets.Add(after:=wb.Sheets(wb.Sheets.Count))
doExist.Name = strSheetName
End Function
Function ColumnLetter(ColumnNumber As Long) As String
Dim n As Long
Dim c As Byte
Dim s As String
n = ColumnNumber
Do
c = ((n - 1) Mod 26)
s = Chr(c + 65) & s
n = (n - c) \ 26
Loop While n > 0
ColumnLetter = s
End Function