boost :: python是否提供了C ++析构函数的保证 考虑到达零的时刻,调用包裹对象 相应python对象的引用计数?
我担心一个C ++对象会打开一个文件进行编写,并在其析构函数中执行文件关闭。是否保证在删除对象的所有python引用或超出范围时写入文件?
我的意思是:
A=MyBoostPythonObject()
del A # Is the C++ destructor of MyBoostPythonObject called here?
我的经验表明,析构函数总是在此时调用,但无法找到任何保证。
答案 0 :(得分:3)
Boost.Python保证如果Python对象拥有包装的C ++对象的所有权,那么当删除Python对象时,将删除包装的C ++对象。 Python对象的生命周期由Python决定,其中当对象的引用计数达到零时,对象可能立即被销毁。对于非简化情况,例如循环引用,对象将由垃圾收集器管理,可能在程序退出之前被销毁。
一个Pythonic解决方案可能是公开实现context manager protocol的类型。内容管理器协议由一对方法组成:一个在进入运行时上下文时将被调用,另一个在退出运行时上下文时将被调用。通过使用上下文管理器,可以控制文件打开的范围。
>>> with MyBoostPythonObject() as A: # opens file.
... A.write(...) # file remains open while in scope.
... # A destroyed once context's scope is exited.
以下示例demonstrating将一个RAII类型的类暴露给Python作为上下文管理器:
#include <boost/python.hpp>
#include <iostream>
// Legacy API.
struct spam
{
spam(int x) { std::cout << "spam(): " << x << std::endl; }
~spam() { std::cout << "~spam()" << std::endl; }
void perform() { std::cout << "spam::perform()" << std::endl; }
};
/// @brief Python Context Manager for the Spam class.
class spam_context_manager
{
public:
spam_context_manager(int x): x_(x) {}
void perform() { return impl_->perform(); }
// context manager protocol
public:
// Use a static member function to get a handle to the self Python
// object.
static boost::python::object enter(boost::python::object self)
{
namespace python = boost::python;
spam_context_manager& myself =
python::extract<spam_context_manager&>(self);
// Construct the RAII object.
myself.impl_ = std::make_shared<spam>(myself.x_);
// Return this object, allowing caller to invoke other
// methods exposed on this class.
return self;
}
bool exit(boost::python::object type,
boost::python::object value,
boost::python::object traceback)
{
// Destroy the RAII object.
impl_.reset();
return false; // Do not suppress the exception.
}
private:
std::shared_ptr<spam> impl_;
int x_;
};
BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE(example)
{
namespace python = boost::python;
python::class_<spam_context_manager>("Spam", python::init<int>())
.def("perform", &spam_context_manager::perform)
.def("__enter__", &spam_context_manager::enter)
.def("__exit__", &spam_context_manager::exit)
;
}
交互式使用:
>>> import example
>>> with example.Spam(42) as spam:
... spam.perform()
...
spam(): 42
spam::perform()
~spam()