数据库服务器类型= SQL Server 2012 SP2
以下是源表。
CREATE TABLE a
(
e_id INT,
r_id INT,
d_id INT,
s_id INT
);
CREATE TABLE r
(
id INT,
NAME VARCHAR(50)
);
CREATE TABLE d
(
id INT,
calldate DATE
);
CREATE TABLE e
(
id INT,
NAME VARCHAR(50),
initial VARCHAR(5)
);
CREATE TABLE s
(
id INT,
specialty VARCHAR(50)
);
INSERT INTO a
VALUES (8,
13,
9,
13),
(8,
13,
10,
13),
(8,
13,
11,
13),
(8,
13,
12,
13),
(8,
13,
13,
13),
(8,
13,
14,
13),
(10,
13,
15,
13),
(10,
13,
16,
13),
(10,
13,
17,
13),
(16,
13,
18,
13),
(16,
13,
19,
13),
(16,
13,
20,
13),
(9,
13,
21,
13),
(9,
13,
22,
13),
(9,
13,
23,
13),
(9,
13,
24,
13),
(16,
13,
25,
13),
(16,
13,
26,
13);
INSERT INTO a
VALUES
(10,22,9,13),
(10,22,10,13),
(10,22,11,13),
(10,22,12,13),
(10,22,13,13),
(16,22,14,13),
(16,22,15,13),
(16,22,16,13),
(16,22,17,13),
(9,22,18,13),
(9,22,19,13),
(9,22,20,13),
(18,22,21,13),
(18,22,22,13),
(10,22,23,13),
(10,22,24,13),
(9,22,25,13),
(9,22,26,13);
INSERT INTO r
VALUES (13,
'Primary'),
(22,
'Secondary'),
(33,
'Prim Trd'),
(44,
'Sec Td');
INSERT INTO e
VALUES (8,
'Jack',
'JM'),
(9,
'Ace',
'AQ'),
(10,
'Mike',
'MM'),
(16,
'George',
'GH'),
(18 ,'Bill', 'BK' );
INSERT INTO s
VALUES (13,
'Pediatric'),
(28,
'EMT'),
(55,
'ER');
INSERT INTO d
VALUES (9 , '2015-01-09'),
(10 , '2015-01-10'),
(11 , '2015-01-11'),
(12 , '2015-01-12'),
(13 , '2015-01-13'),
(14 , '2015-01-14'),
(15 , '2015-01-15'),
(16 , '2015-01-16'),
(17 , '2015-01-17'),
(18 , '2015-01-18'),
(19 , '2015-01-19'),
(20 , '2015-01-20'),
(21 , '2015-01-21'),
(22 , '2015-01-22'),
(23 , '2015-01-23'),
(24 , '2015-01-24'),
(25 , '2015-01-25'),
(26 , '2015-01-26'),
(27 , '2015-01-27'),
(28 , '2015-01-28'),
(29 , '2015-01-29'),
(30 , '2015-01-30')
表A是表D，E，R和S的链接表。
表A
║ e_id │ r_id │ d_id │ s_id ║
╠══════╪══════╪══════╪══════╣
║ 8 │ 13 │ 9 │ 13 ║
║ 8 │ 13 │ 10 │ 13 ║
║ 8 │ 13 │ 11 │ 13 ║
║ 8 │ 13 │ 12 │ 13 ║
║ 8 │ 13 │ 13 │ 13 ║
║ 8 │ 13 │ 14 │ 13 ║
║ 10 │ 13 │ 15 │ 13 ║
║ 10 │ 13 │ 16 │ 13 ║
║ 10 │ 13 │ 17 │ 13 ║
║ 16 │ 13 │ 18 │ 13 ║
║ 16 │ 13 │ 19 │ 13 ║
║ 16 │ 13 │ 20 │ 13 ║
║ 9 │ 13 │ 21 │ 13 ║
║ 9 │ 13 │ 22 │ 13 ║
║ 9 │ 13 │ 23 │ 13 ║
║ 9 │ 13 │ 24 │ 13 ║
║ 16 │ 13 │ 25 │ 13 ║
║ 16 │ 13 │ 26 │ 13 ║
║ 10 │ 22 │ 9 │ 13 ║
║ 10 │ 22 │ 10 │ 13 ║
║ 10 │ 22 │ 11 │ 13 ║
║ 10 │ 22 │ 12 │ 13 ║
║ 10 │ 22 │ 13 │ 13 ║
║ 16 │ 22 │ 14 │ 13 ║
║ 16 │ 22 │ 15 │ 13 ║
║ 16 │ 22 │ 16 │ 13 ║
║ 16 │ 22 │ 17 │ 13 ║
║ 9 │ 22 │ 18 │ 13 ║
║ 9 │ 22 │ 19 │ 13 ║
║ 9 │ 22 │ 20 │ 13 ║
║ 18 │ 22 │ 21 │ 13 ║
║ 18 │ 22 │ 22 │ 13 ║
║ 10 │ 22 │ 23 │ 13 ║
║ 10 │ 22 │ 24 │ 13 ║
║ 9 │ 22 │ 25 │ 13 ║
║ 9 │ 22 │ 26 │ 13 ║
表D
║ id │ calldate ║
╠════╪════════════╣
║ 9 │ 2015-01-09 ║
║ 10 │ 2015-01-10 ║
║ 11 │ 2015-01-11 ║
║ 12 │ 2015-01-12 ║
║ 13 │ 2015-01-13 ║
║ 14 │ 2015-01-14 ║
║ 15 │ 2015-01-15 ║
║ 16 │ 2015-01-16 ║
║ 17 │ 2015-01-17 ║
║ 18 │ 2015-01-18 ║
║ 19 │ 2015-01-19 ║
║ 20 │ 2015-01-20 ║
║ 21 │ 2015-01-21 ║
║ 22 │ 2015-01-22 ║
║ 23 │ 2015-01-23 ║
║ 24 │ 2015-01-24 ║
║ 25 │ 2015-01-25 ║
║ 26 │ 2015-01-26 ║
║ 27 │ 2015-01-27 ║
║ 28 │ 2015-01-28 ║
║ 29 │ 2015-01-29 ║
║ 30 │ 2015-01-30 ║
表E
╔════╤════════╤═════════╗
║ id │ name │ initial ║
╠════╪════════╪═════════╣
║ 8 │ Jack │ JM ║
║ 9 │ Ace │ AQ ║
║ 10 │ Mike │ MM ║
║ 16 │ George │ GH ║
║ 18 │ Bill │ BK ║
╚════╧════════╧═════════╝
表R
╔════╤═══════════╗
║ id │ name ║
╠════╪═══════════╣
║ 13 │ Primary ║
║ 22 │ Secondary ║
║ 33 │ Prim Trd ║
║ 44 │ Sec Td ║
╚════╧═══════════╝
表S
|ID | Specialty |
|---+-----------|
|13 | Pediatric |
|28 | EMT |
|55 | ER |
以下是我认为可行的查询，但会产生错误：
SELECT d.calldate,
Max(CASE
WHEN s.id = 13
AND r.NAME = 'Primary' THEN ( e.NAME )
END) AS [Primary],
Max(CASE
WHEN s.id = 13
AND r.NAME = 'Secondary' THEN ( e.NAME )
END) AS [Secondary],
Max(CASE
WHEN s.id = 13
AND r.NAME = 'Primary'
AND ( ( e.id = (SELECT e1.id
FROM a a1
INNER JOIN e e1
ON e1.id = a1.e_id
INNER JOIN d d1
ON d1.id = a1.d_id
INNER JOIN s s1
ON s1.id = a1.s_id
INNER JOIN r r1
ON r1.id = a1.r_id
WHERE d1.calldate = CONVERT(DATE,
Dateadd(dd, -1,
d.calldate),
101)
AND r1.NAME = 'Primary'
AND s1.id = 13) )
AND ( e.id = (SELECT e1.id
FROM a a1
INNER JOIN e e1
ON e1.id = a1.e_id
INNER JOIN d d1
ON d1.id = a1.d_id
INNER JOIN s s1
ON s1.id = a1.s_id
INNER JOIN r r1
ON r1.id = a1.r_id
WHERE d1.calldate = CONVERT(DATE, Dateadd
(dd, 1,
d.calldate),
101
)
AND r1.NAME = 'Primary'
AND s1.id = 13) ) ) THEN ' '
ELSE e.initial
END) AS [PrimaryINIT],
Max(CASE
WHEN s.id = 13
AND r.NAME = 'Secondary'
AND ( e.id = (SELECT e1.id
FROM a a1
INNER JOIN e e1
ON e1.id = a1.e_id
INNER JOIN d d1
ON d1.id = a1.d_id
INNER JOIN s s1
ON s1.id = a1.s_id
INNER JOIN r r1
ON r1.id = a1.r_id
WHERE d1.calldate = CONVERT(DATE, Dateadd(dd, -1,
d.calldate),
101)
AND r1.NAME = 'Secondary'
AND s1.id = 13)
AND ( e.id = (SELECT e1.id
FROM a a1
INNER JOIN e e1
ON e1.id = a1.e_id
INNER JOIN d d1
ON d1.id = a1.d_id
INNER JOIN s s1
ON s1.id = a1.s_id
INNER JOIN r r1
ON r1.id = a1.r_id
WHERE d1.calldate = CONVERT(DATE, Dateadd(dd, 1,
d.calldate),
101
)
AND r1.NAME = 'Secondary'
AND s1.id = 13) ) ) THEN ' '
ELSE e.initial
END) AS [SecondaryINIT]
FROM a
INNER JOIN e
ON e.id = a.e_id
INNER JOIN d
ON d.id = a.d_id
INNER JOIN s
ON s.id = a.s_id
INNER JOIN r
ON r.id = a.r_id
WHERE Datepart(mm, d.calldate) = 1
AND Datepart(year, d.calldate) = 2015
GROUP BY d.calldate
以下是我们从查询中寻找的结果。
（请注意，Initial列仅在数据更改之前和之后返回列值）：
查询所需的结果。
╔════════════╤═════════╤═══════════╤═════════╤═══════════╗
║ callDate │ Primary │ Secondary │ PrimINIT│ SeconINIT ║
╠════════════╪═════════╪═══════════╪═════════╪═══════════╣
║ 2015-01-09 │ Jack │ Mike │ JM │ MM ║
║ 2015-01-10 │ Jack │ Mike │ │ ║
║ 2015-01-11 │ Jack │ Mike │ │ ║
║ 2015-01-12 │ Jack │ Mike │ │ ║
║ 2015-01-13 │ Jack │ Mike │ │ MM ║
║ 2015-01-14 │ Jack │ George │ JM │ GH ║
║ 2015-01-15 │ Mike │ George │ MM │ ║
║ 2015-01-16 │ Mike │ George │ │ ║
║ 2015-01-17 │ Mike │ George │ MM │ GH ║
║ 2015-01-18 │ George │ Ace │ GH │ AQ ║
║ 2015-01-19 │ George │ Ace │ │ ║
║ 2015-01-20 │ George │ Ace │ GH │ AQ ║
║ 2015-01-21 │ Ace │ Bill │ AQ │ BK ║
║ 2015-01-22 │ Ace │ Bill │ │ BK ║
║ 2015-01-23 │ Ace │ Mike │ │ MM ║
║ 2015-01-24 │ Ace │ Mike │ AQ │ MM ║
║ 2015-01-25 │ George │ Ace │ GH │ AQ ║
║ 2015-01-26 │ George │ Ace │ GH │ AQ ║
╚════════════╧═════════╧═══════════╧═════════╧═══════════╝
答案 0 :(得分：2)
试试这样：
WITH Pivoted AS
(
SELECT d.calldate AS calldate
,MAX(CASE WHEN r.Name='Primary' THEN e.NAME END) AS [Primary]
,MAX(CASE WHEN r.Name='Secondary' THEN e.NAME END) AS [Secondary]
,MAX(CASE WHEN r.Name='Primary' THEN e.initial END) AS [PrimINIT]
,MAX(CASE WHEN r.Name='Secondary' THEN e.initial END) AS [SeconINIT]
FROM a
INNER JOIN e ON a.e_id=e.id
INNER JOIN r ON a.r_id=r.id
INNER JOIN d ON a.d_id=d.id
INNER JOIN s ON a.s_id=s.id
GROUP BY d.calldate
)
,WithNeighbours AS
(
SELECT *
,ISNULL(LAG([Primary]) OVER(ORDER BY calldate,[Primary]),'') AS PrevPrim
,ISNULL(LAG([Secondary]) OVER(ORDER BY calldate,[Secondary]),'') AS PrevSecon
,ISNULL(LEAD([Primary]) OVER(ORDER BY calldate,[Primary]),'') AS NxtPrim
,ISNULL(LEAD([Secondary]) OVER(ORDER BY calldate,[Secondary]),'') AS NxtSecon
FROM Pivoted
)
SELECT calldate
,[Primary]
,[Secondary]
,CASE WHEN [Primary]<>PrevPrim OR [Primary]<>NxtPrim THEN PrimINIT ELSE '' END AS PrimINIT
,CASE WHEN [Secondary]<>PrevSecon OR [Secondary]<>NxtSecon THEN SeconINIT ELSE '' END AS SeconINIT
FROM WithNeighbours
ORDER BY calldate
给出数据的结果
+------------+---------+-----------+----------+-----------+
| calldate | Primary | Secondary | PrimINIT | SeconINIT |
+------------+---------+-----------+----------+-----------+
| 2015-01-09 | Jack | Mike | JM | MM |
+------------+---------+-----------+----------+-----------+
| 2015-01-10 | Jack | Mike | | |
+------------+---------+-----------+----------+-----------+
| 2015-01-11 | Jack | Mike | | |
+------------+---------+-----------+----------+-----------+
| 2015-01-12 | Jack | Mike | | |
+------------+---------+-----------+----------+-----------+
| 2015-01-13 | Jack | Mike | | MM |
+------------+---------+-----------+----------+-----------+
| 2015-01-14 | Jack | George | JM | GH |
+------------+---------+-----------+----------+-----------+
| 2015-01-15 | Mike | George | MM | |
+------------+---------+-----------+----------+-----------+
| 2015-01-16 | Mike | George | | |
+------------+---------+-----------+----------+-----------+
| 2015-01-17 | Mike | George | MM | GH |
+------------+---------+-----------+----------+-----------+
| 2015-01-18 | George | Ace | GH | AQ |
+------------+---------+-----------+----------+-----------+
| 2015-01-19 | George | Ace | | |
+------------+---------+-----------+----------+-----------+
| 2015-01-20 | George | Ace | GH | AQ |
+------------+---------+-----------+----------+-----------+
| 2015-01-21 | Ace | Bill | AQ | BK |
+------------+---------+-----------+----------+-----------+
| 2015-01-22 | Ace | Bill | | BK |
+------------+---------+-----------+----------+-----------+
| 2015-01-23 | Ace | Mike | | MM |
+------------+---------+-----------+----------+-----------+
| 2015-01-24 | Ace | Mike | AQ | MM |
+------------+---------+-----------+----------+-----------+
| 2015-01-25 | George | Ace | GH | AQ |
+------------+---------+-----------+----------+-----------+
| 2015-01-26 | George | Ace | GH | AQ |
+------------+---------+-----------+----------+-----------+