使用CADisplayLink
,
var link:CADisplayLink?
var startTime:Double = 0.0
let animTime:Double = 0.2
let animMaxVal:CGFloat = 0.4
private func yourAnim()
{
if ( link != nil )
{
link!.paused = true
//A:
link!.removeFromRunLoop(
NSRunLoop.mainRunLoop(), forMode:NSDefaultRunLoopMode)
link = nil
}
link = CADisplayLink(target: self, selector: #selector(doorStep) )
startTime = CACurrentMediaTime()
link!.addToRunLoop(
NSRunLoop.currentRunLoop(), forMode:NSDefaultRunLoopMode)
}
func doorStep()
{
let elapsed = CACurrentMediaTime() - startTime
var ping = elapsed
if (elapsed > (animTime / 2.0)) {ping = animTime - elapsed}
let frac = ping / (animTime / 2.0)
yourAnimFunction(CGFloat(frac) * animMaxVal)
if (elapsed > animTime)
{
//B:
link!.paused = true
link!.removeFromRunLoop(
NSRunLoop.mainRunLoop(), forMode:NSDefaultRunLoopMode)
link = nil
yourAnimFunction(0.0)
}
}
func killAnimation()
{
// for example if the cell disappears or is reused
//C:
????!!!!
}
似乎存在各种问题。
在(A :),即使link
不为null,也可能无法从运行循环中删除它。 (例如,某人可能已使用link = link:CADisplayLink()
对其进行了初始化 - 尝试将其用于崩溃。)
其次在(B :)它似乎是一团糟......当然有更好的(更多Swift)方式,如果即使时间刚刚过期它会是什么呢?
最后在(C :)中,如果你想打破这个目标...我感到沮丧并且不知道什么是最好的。
A:和B:的代码实际上应该是相同的通话权,是一种清理通话。
答案 0 :(得分:33)
这是一个简单的示例,展示了我如何实现CADisplayLink
(在Swift 3中):
class C { // your view class or whatever
private var displayLink: CADisplayLink?
private var startTime = 0.0
private let animLength = 5.0
func startDisplayLink() {
stopDisplayLink() // make sure to stop a previous running display link
startTime = CACurrentMediaTime() // reset start time
// create displayLink & add it to the run-loop
let displayLink = CADisplayLink(
target: self, selector: #selector(displayLinkDidFire)
)
displayLink.add(to: .main, forMode: .commonModes)
self.displayLink = displayLink
}
@objc func displayLinkDidFire(_ displayLink: CADisplayLink) {
var elapsed = CACurrentMediaTime() - startTime
if elapsed > animLength {
stopDisplayLink()
elapsed = animLength // clamp the elapsed time to the anim length
}
// do your animation logic here
}
// invalidate display link if it's non-nil, then set to nil
func stopDisplayLink() {
displayLink?.invalidate()
displayLink = nil
}
}
注意事项:
nil
来表示显示链接未运行的状态 - 因为没有简单的方法可以从无效的显示链接中获取此信息。removeFromRunLoop()
而不是使用invalidate()
,如果尚未将显示链接添加到运行循环中,则displayLink
不会崩溃。但是,这种情况绝不应该首先出现 - 因为我们总是在创建后立即将显示链接添加到运行循环中。nil
设为私有,以防止外部类将其置于意外状态(例如使其无效但不将其设置为stopDisplayLink()
)。nil
方法,它既使显示链接无效(如果它是非零的)并将其设置为paused
- 而不是复制并粘贴此逻辑。true
设置为displayLink
,因为这是多余的。displayLink?.invalidate()
(如果显示链接不为零,则会调用invalidate()
),而不是在检查非零后强制展开elapsed
。 。虽然力量展开在你给定的情况下可能是“安全的”(因为你正在检查零) - 在未来的重构时它可能是不安全的,因为你可能会重新构造你的逻辑而不考虑它对力量展开的影响displayLinkDidFire(_:)
时间限制在动画持续时间内,以确保后面的动画逻辑不会产生超出预期范围的值。CADisplayLink
根据需要int
采用int jspData = 6; // contains your jsp data
// In JSP(HTML)
<input id="jsp-data" type="hidden" value="<%=jspData%>" />
// In JavaScript
var data = document.getElementById('jsp-data').value;
类型的单个参数。答案 1 :(得分:4)
我意识到这个问题已经有了一个很好的答案,但这是另一种稍微不同的方法,它有助于实现与显示链接帧速率无关的平滑动画。
**(链接到本答案底部的演示项目 - 更新:演示项目源代码现已更新为Swift 4)
对于我的实现,我选择将显示链接包装在它自己的类中,并设置一个委托引用,它将通过增量时间(最后一次显示链接调用和当前调用之间的时间)调用,所以我们可以更顺利地完成我们的动画。
我目前正在使用此方法在游戏中同时为屏幕周围的~60个视图制作动画。
首先,我们要定义我们的包装器将调用以通知更新事件的委托协议。
// defines an interface for receiving display update notifications
protocol DisplayUpdateReceiver: class {
func displayWillUpdate(deltaTime: CFTimeInterval)
}
接下来我们将定义我们的显示链接包装类。该类将在初始化时采用委托引用。初始化时,它将自动启动我们的显示链接,并在deinit上清理它。
import UIKit
class DisplayUpdateNotifier {
// **********************************************
// MARK: Variables
// **********************************************
/// A weak reference to the delegate/listener that will be notified/called on display updates
weak var listener: DisplayUpdateReceiver?
/// The display link that will be initiating our updates
internal var displayLink: CADisplayLink? = nil
/// Tracks the timestamp from the previous displayLink call
internal var lastTime: CFTimeInterval = 0.0
// **********************************************
// MARK: Setup & Tear Down
// **********************************************
deinit {
stopDisplayLink()
}
init(listener: DisplayUpdateReceiver) {
// setup our delegate listener reference
self.listener = listener
// setup & kick off the display link
startDisplayLink()
}
// **********************************************
// MARK: CADisplay Link
// **********************************************
/// Creates a new display link if one is not already running
private func startDisplayLink() {
guard displayLink == nil else {
return
}
displayLink = CADisplayLink(target: self, selector: #selector(linkUpdate))
displayLink?.add(to: .main, forMode: .commonModes)
lastTime = 0.0
}
/// Invalidates and destroys the current display link. Resets timestamp var to zero
private func stopDisplayLink() {
displayLink?.invalidate()
displayLink = nil
lastTime = 0.0
}
/// Notifier function called by display link. Calculates the delta time and passes it in the delegate call.
@objc private func linkUpdate() {
// bail if our display link is no longer valid
guard let displayLink = displayLink else {
return
}
// get the current time
let currentTime = displayLink.timestamp
// calculate delta (
let delta: CFTimeInterval = currentTime - lastTime
// store as previous
lastTime = currentTime
// call delegate
listener?.displayWillUpdate(deltaTime: delta)
}
}
要使用它,您只需初始化包装器的实例,传入委托侦听器引用,然后根据增量时间更新动画。在此示例中,委托将更新调用传递给可动画视图(这样,您可以跟踪多个动画视图,并通过此调用更新每个位置)。
class ViewController: UIViewController, DisplayUpdateReceiver {
var displayLinker: DisplayUpdateNotifier?
var animView: MoveableView?
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
// setup our animatable view and add as subview
animView = MoveableView.init(frame: CGRect.init(x: 150.0, y: 400.0, width: 20.0, height: 20.0))
animView?.configureMovement()
animView?.backgroundColor = .blue
view.addSubview(animView!)
// setup our display link notifier wrapper class
displayLinker = DisplayUpdateNotifier.init(listener: self)
}
// implement DisplayUpdateReceiver function to receive updates from display link wrapper class
func displayWillUpdate(deltaTime: CFTimeInterval) {
// pass the update call off to our animating view or views
_ = animView?.update(deltaTime: deltaTime)
// in this example, the animatable view will remove itself from its superview when its animation is complete and set a flag
// that it's ready to be used. We simply check if it's ready to be recycled, if so we reset its position and add it to
// our view again
if animView?.isReadyForReuse == true {
animView?.reset(center: CGPoint.init(x: CGFloat.random(low: 20.0, high: 300.0), y: CGFloat.random(low: 20.0, high: 700.0)))
view.addSubview(animView!)
}
}
}
我们的可移动视图更新功能如下所示:
func update(deltaTime: CFTimeInterval) -> Bool {
guard canAnimate == true, isReadyForReuse == false else {
return false
}
// by multiplying our x/y values by the delta time new values are generated that will generate a smooth animation independent of the framerate.
let smoothVel = CGPoint(x: CGFloat(Double(velocity.x)*deltaTime), y: CGFloat(Double(velocity.y)*deltaTime))
let smoothAccel = CGPoint(x: CGFloat(Double(acceleration.x)*deltaTime), y: CGFloat(Double(acceleration.y)*deltaTime))
// update velocity with smoothed acceleration
velocity.adding(point: smoothAccel)
// update center with smoothed velocity
center.adding(point: smoothVel)
currentTime += 0.01
if currentTime >= timeLimit {
canAnimate = false
endAnimation()
return false
}
return true
}
如果您想查看完整的演示项目,可以在此处从GitHub下载:CADisplayLink Demo Project
答案 2 :(得分:0)
以上是如何有效使用CADisplayLink的最佳示例。感谢@Fattie和@digitalHound
我无法抗拒使用WKWebView在PdfViewer中使用'digitalHound'添加我对CADisplayLink和DisplayUpdater类的使用。 我的要求是继续以用户可选择的速度自动滚动pdf。
这里的答案可能不正确,但我打算在这里展示CADisplayLink的用法。 (对于像我这样能够实现其要求的其他人。)
//
// PdfViewController.swift
//
import UIKit
import WebKit
class PdfViewController: UIViewController, DisplayUpdateReceiver {
@IBOutlet var mySpeedScrollSlider: UISlider! // UISlider in storyboard
var displayLinker: DisplayUpdateNotifier?
var myPdfFileName = ""
var myPdfFolderPath = ""
var myViewTitle = "Pdf View"
var myCanAnimate = false
var mySlowSkip = 0.0
// 0.125<=slow, 0.25=normal, 0.5=fast, 0.75>=faster
var cuScrollSpeed = 0.25
fileprivate var myPdfWKWebView = WKWebView(frame: CGRect.zero)
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
// Do any additional setup after loading the view.
self.title = myViewTitle
let leftItem = UIBarButtonItem(title: "Back", style: .plain, target: self, action: #selector(PdfViewController.PdfBackClick))
navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem = leftItem
self.view.backgroundColor = UIColor.white.cgColor
mySpeedScrollSlider.minimumValue = 0.05
mySpeedScrollSlider.maximumValue = 4.0
mySpeedScrollSlider.isContinuous = true
mySpeedScrollSlider.addTarget(self, action: #selector(PdfViewController.updateSlider), for: [.valueChanged])
mySpeedScrollSlider.setValue(Float(cuScrollSpeed), animated: false)
mySpeedScrollSlider.backgroundColor = UIColor.white.cgColor
self.configureWebView()
let folderUrl = URL(fileURLWithPath: myPdfFolderPath)
let url = URL(fileURLWithPath: myPdfFolderPath + myPdfFileName)
myPdfWKWebView.loadFileURL(url, allowingReadAccessTo: folderUrl)
}
//MARK: - Button Action
@objc func PdfBackClick()
{
_ = self.navigationController?.popViewController(animated: true)
}
@objc func updateSlider()
{
if ( mySpeedScrollSlider.value <= mySpeedScrollSlider.minimumValue ) {
myCanAnimate = false
} else {
myCanAnimate = true
}
cuScrollSpeed = Double(mySpeedScrollSlider.value)
}
fileprivate func configureWebView() {
myPdfWKWebView.frame = view.bounds
myPdfWKWebView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
myPdfWKWebView.navigationDelegate = self
myPdfWKWebView.isMultipleTouchEnabled = true
myPdfWKWebView.scrollView.alwaysBounceVertical = true
myPdfWKWebView.layer.backgroundColor = UIColor.red.cgColor //test
view.addSubview(myPdfWKWebView)
myPdfWKWebView.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: topLayoutGuide.bottomAnchor ).isActive = true
myPdfWKWebView.rightAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.rightAnchor).isActive = true
myPdfWKWebView.leftAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.leftAnchor).isActive = true
myPdfWKWebView.bottomAnchor.constraint(equalTo: mySpeedScrollSlider.topAnchor).isActive = true
}
//MARK: - DisplayUpdateReceiver delegate
func displayWillUpdate(deltaTime: CFTimeInterval) {
guard myCanAnimate == true else {
return
}
var maxSpeed = 0.0
if cuScrollSpeed < 0.5 {
if mySlowSkip > 0.25 {
mySlowSkip = 0.0
} else {
mySlowSkip += cuScrollSpeed
return
}
maxSpeed = 0.5
} else {
maxSpeed = cuScrollSpeed
}
let scrollViewHeight = self.myPdfWKWebView.scrollView.frame.size.height
let scrollContentSizeHeight = self.myPdfWKWebView.scrollView.contentSize.height
let scrollOffset = self.myPdfWKWebView.scrollView.contentOffset.y
let xOffset = self.myPdfWKWebView.scrollView.contentOffset.x
if (scrollOffset + scrollViewHeight >= scrollContentSizeHeight)
{
return
}
let newYOffset = CGFloat( max( min( deltaTime , 1 ), maxSpeed ) )
self.myPdfWKWebView.scrollView.setContentOffset(CGPoint(x: xOffset, y: scrollOffset+newYOffset), animated: false)
}
}
extension PdfViewController: WKNavigationDelegate {
// MARK: - WKNavigationDelegate
public func webView(_ webView: WKWebView, didStartProvisionalNavigation navigation: WKNavigation!) {
//print("didStartProvisionalNavigation")
}
public func webView(_ webView: WKWebView, didFinish navigation: WKNavigation!) {
//print("didFinish")
displayLinker = DisplayUpdateNotifier.init(listener: self)
myCanAnimate = true
}
public func webView(_ webView: WKWebView, didFailProvisionalNavigation navigation: WKNavigation!, withError error: Error) {
//print("didFailProvisionalNavigation error:\(error)")
}
public func webView(_ webView: WKWebView, didFail navigation: WKNavigation!, withError error: Error) {
//print("didFail")
}
}
示例从另一个视图调用如下。
从文档文件夹加载PDF文件。
func callPdfViewController( theFileName:String, theFileParentPath:String){
if ( !theFileName.isEmpty && !theFileParentPath.isEmpty ) {
let pdfViewController = self.storyboard!.instantiateViewController(withIdentifier: "PdfViewController") as? PdfViewController
pdfViewController?.myPdfFileName = theFileName
pdfViewController?.myPdfFolderPath = theFileParentPath
self.navigationController!.pushViewController(pdfViewController!, animated: true)
} else {
// Show error.
}
}
可以“修改”此示例以加载网页并以用户选择的速度自动滚动它们。
此致
桑杰。