通过在oracle中传递值从表中获取列名

时间:2016-06-23 09:58:26

标签: oracle oracle11g

我希望oracle中的查询通过传递值来从表中获取列名。 意味着在大多数情况下 - 我们写这样的查询 - select * from table where column ='value'。但在我的情况下我不知道列名。

任何人都可以建议我。 提前谢谢......

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

您可以尝试构建动态查询来检查数据库的所有表。

<强>设置:

create table tab1 ( v1 varchar2(100), n1 number, v1b varchar2(100));
create table tab2 ( v2 varchar2(100), n2 number, v2b varchar2(100));
create table tab3 ( v3 varchar2(100), n3 number, v3b varchar2(100));
insert into tab1 values ('Maria', 1, 'aa');
insert into tab1 values ('xx', 2, 'bb');
insert into tab2 values ('yy', 3, 'Maria');
insert into tab2 values ('zz', 3, 'cc');
insert into tab3 values ('WW', 4, 'DD');

构建动态查询:

select 'select table_name,
               matches from (' || listagg(statement, ' UNION ALL ') within group (order by table_name) || ')
        where matches > 0'
from (     
    select 'select ''' || table_name ||
             ''' as TABLE_NAME, count(1) as MATCHES from ' || table_name || ' WHERE ' ||
             listagg(column_name || ' = ''Maria''', ' OR ') within group (order by column_name) as statement,
            table_name
        from user_tab_columns col
        where data_type = 'VARCHAR2'
        group by table_name
     )

这将返回一个查询,您可以运行该查询来检查所有表;在我的例子中,这将构建查询(未格式化):

SELECT table_name, matches
  FROM (SELECT 'TAB1' AS TABLE_NAME, COUNT(1) AS MATCHES
          FROM TAB1
         WHERE    V1 = 'Maria'
               OR V1B = 'Maria'
        UNION ALL
        SELECT 'TAB2' AS TABLE_NAME, COUNT(1) AS MATCHES
          FROM TAB2
         WHERE    V2 = 'Maria'
               OR V2B = 'Maria'
        UNION ALL
        SELECT 'TAB3' AS TABLE_NAME, COUNT(1) AS MATCHES
          FROM TAB3
         WHERE    V3 = 'Maria'
               OR V3B = 'Maria')
 WHERE matches > 0;

运行此查询将给出:

TABL    MATCHES
---- ----------
TAB1          1
TAB2          1

请注意我使用了USER_TAB_COLUMNS,因此只搜索登录模式的表格;如果要搜索不同的模式,可以使用ALL_TAB_COLUMNSDBA_TAB_COLUMNS,具体取决于您的需要和用户的权限;有关更多信息,请参阅here

另外,请考虑USER_TAB_COLUMNS将获取表和视图的列;如果您想限制搜索到表格,可以将USER_TAB_COLUMNSALL_TAB_COLUMNSDBA_TAB_COLUMNS)加入USER_TABLESALL_TABLESDBA_TABLESTABLE_NAMETABLE_NAMEOWNER如果您决定使用ALL或DBA表:

SQL> create view vTab1 as select * from tab1;

View created.

SQL> select count(1)
  2  from user_tab_columns
  3  where table_name = 'VTAB1';

  COUNT(1)
----------
         3

SQL> select count(1)
  2  from user_tab_columns
  3       inner join user_tables using(table_name)
  4  where table_name = 'VTAB1';

  COUNT(1)
----------
         0

SQL>

答案 1 :(得分:-2)

select table_name from user_Tables where table_name = 'bogus';