更新:我简化了这个问题的代码,删除了原始的,更复杂的代码。
请帮助我了解导致我在下面描述的错误的原因。
我定义了一个简单的4xfloat向量类型Vector4f
。现在我只定义了索引运算符,但最终我将为加法,减法等定义运算符。我还定义了一个流运算符,用于将向量序列化为流。此运算符仅使用公共方法,因此它不是friend
的{{1}}。
vector.h:
Vector4f
我正在使用C ++ 11(clang)进行编译。流序列化模板似乎适用于ostream:
#ifndef VECTOR_HPP
#define VECTOR_HPP
namespace vector {
class Vector4f {
public:
Vector4f(float x0, float x1, float x2, float x3) :
storage_({x0, x1, x2, x3}) {}
float & operator[](size_t i) { return storage_[i]; }
const float & operator[](size_t i) const { return storage_[i]; }
protected:
typedef std::vector<float> StorageType;
StorageType storage_;
};
template <typename StreamType>
StreamType & operator<<(StreamType & s, const Vector4f & v) {
return s << "[ " << v[0] << ", " << v[1] << ", " << v[2] << ", " << v[3] << " ]";
}
} // namespace vector
#endif // VECTOR_HPP
我遇到问题的地方是GoogleTest的std::cout << vector::Vector4f(1,2,3,4) << std::endl; // compiles
类,它可以与流操作符一起使用来添加信息。我希望最终使用辅助函数来检查向量是否包含我期望的值(不依赖于尚不存在的相等运算符)。为简单起见,我在这里直接使用断言:
test_vector.cc:
AssertionFailure
编译器因此错误而失败:
#include <gtest/gtest.h>
#include "vector.h"
class TestVector : public ::testing::Test {};
TEST_F(TestVector, ctor_by_float_parameters) {
vector::Vector4f v(0.0f, 0.1f, 0.2f, 0.3f);
EXPECT_TRUE(::testing::AssertionFailure() << v);
}
根据我的理解,将我的Vector类的In file included from test_vector2.cc:2:
./vector2.h:21:10: error: non-const lvalue reference to type 'std::__1::basic_stringstream<char,
std::__1::char_traits<char>, std::__1::allocator<char> >' cannot bind to a value of unrelated type
'basic_ostream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char> >'
return s << "[ " << v[0] << ", " << v[1] << ", " << v[2] << ", " << v[3] << " ]";
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
googletest/include/gtest/gtest-message.h:131:10: note: in instantiation of function template specialization
'vector::operator<<<std::__1::basic_stringstream<char, std::__1::char_traits<char>, std::__1::allocator<char> > >'
requested here
*ss_ << val;
^
googletest/include/gtest/gtest.h:306:29: note: in instantiation of function template specialization
'testing::Message::operator<<<vector::Vector4f>' requested here
AppendMessage(Message() << value);
^
test_vector2.cc:10:45: note: in instantiation of function template specialization
'testing::AssertionResult::operator<<<vector::Vector4f>' requested here
EXPECT_TRUE(::testing::AssertionFailure() << v);
模板的结果应用于test :: AssertionFailure类的operator<<
时遇到问题。我不明白为什么这会引起问题,因为它应该在将我的矢量序列化为字符串流后调用AssertionFailure的运算符。这里有一些我还不了解的东西,我当然不理解错误信息本身。
请帮助表示任何帮助。
答案 0 :(得分:2)
template<class... Us>
struct interleave {
template<class... Vs>
using with = concat_t<pack<Us, Vs>...>;
};
应该是
return s << "[ " << v[0] << ", " << v[1] << ", " << v[2] << ", " << v[3] << " ]";
这是因为s << "[ " << v[0] << ", " << v[1] << ", " << v[2] << ", " << v[3] << " ]";
return s;
是operator<<(float)
的成员函数。它返回std::basic_ostream
,而不是您调用它的流的类型。您无法将其转换为std::basic_ostream<...>&
,除非StreamType&
恰好是StreamType
,basic_ostream
就是这种情况。
或者,将std::cout
声明为
operator<<