React-Router:如何在路由转换之前等待异步操作

时间:2016-06-16 04:29:43

标签: reactjs state redux react-router react-router-redux

是否可以在特定路由上调用称为thunk的异步redux操作,并且在响应成功或失败之前不执行转换?

使用案例

我们需要从服务器加载数据并使用初始值填充表单。在从服务器获取数据之前,这些初始值不存在。

这样的语法会很棒:

<Route path="/myForm" component={App} async={dispatch(loadInitialFormValues(formId))}>

4 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:11)

回答阻止过渡到新路线的原始问题,直到回复成功或失败为止:

因为你正在使用redux thunk,你可以在动作创建器中成功或失败触发重定向。我不知道你的具体动作/动作创建者是什么样的,但是这样的事情可以起作用:

import { browserHistory } from 'react-router'

export function loadInitialFormValues(formId) {
  return function(dispatch) {
    // hit the API with some function and return a promise:
    loadInitialValuesReturnPromise(formId)
      .then(response => {
        // If request is good update state with fetched data
        dispatch({ type: UPDATE_FORM_STATE, payload: response });

        // - redirect to the your form
        browserHistory.push('/myForm');
      })
      .catch(() => {
        // If request is bad...
        // do whatever you want here, or redirect
        browserHistory.push('/myForm')
      });
  }
}

跟进。在输入路径/组件的componentWillMount并显示微调器时加载数据的常见模式:

来自异步操作http://redux.js.org/docs/advanced/AsyncActions.html

上的redux文档
  
      
  • 通知减压者请求开始的动作。
  •   
     

reducers可以通过切换isFetching标志来处理这个动作   国家。这样UI就知道是时候展示一个微调器了。

     
      
  • 通知减压器请求已成功完成的操作。
  •   
     

Reducer可以通过将新数据合并到中来处理此操作   状态他们管理和重置isFetching。用户界面会隐藏   微调器,并显示获取的数据。

     
      
  • 通知减压器请求失败的操作。
  •   
     

reducers可以通过重置isFetching来处理这个动作。   此外,一些Reducer可能希望存储错误消息,所以   用户界面可以显示它。

我使用您的情况作为粗略的指导方针,遵循以下这种一般模式。您不必使用承诺

// action creator:
export function fetchFormData(formId) {
  return dispatch => {
    // an action to signal the beginning of your request
    // this is what eventually triggers the displaying of the spinner
    dispatch({ type: FETCH_FORM_DATA_REQUEST })

    // (axios is just a promise based HTTP library)
    axios.get(`/formdata/${formId}`)
      .then(formData => {
        // on successful fetch, update your state with the new form data
        // you can also turn these into their own action creators and dispatch the invoked function instead
        dispatch({ type: actions.FETCH_FORM_DATA_SUCCESS, payload: formData })
      })
      .catch(error => {
        // on error, do whatever is best for your use case
        dispatch({ type: actions.FETCH_FORM_DATA_ERROR, payload: error })
      })
  }
}

// reducer

const INITIAL_STATE = {
  formData: {},
  error: {},
  fetching: false
}

export default function(state = INITIAL_STATE, action) {
  switch(action.type) {
    case FETCH_FORM_DATA_REQUEST:
      // when dispatch the 'request' action, toggle fetching to true
      return Object.assign({}, state, { fetching: true })
    case FETCH_FORM_DATA_SUCCESS:
      return Object.assign({}, state, {
        fetching: false,
        formData: action.payload
      })
    case FETCH_FORM_DATA_ERROR:
      return Object.assign({}, state, {
        fetching: false,
        error: action.payload
      })
  }
}

// route can look something like this to access the formId in the URL if you want
// I use this URL param in the component below but you can access this ID anyway you want:
<Route path="/myForm/:formId" component={SomeForm} />

// form component
class SomeForm extends Component {
  componentWillMount() {
    // get formId from route params
    const formId = this.props.params.formId
    this.props.fetchFormData(formId)
  }

  // in render just check if the fetching process is happening to know when to display the spinner
  // this could also be abstracted out into another method and run like so: {this.showFormOrSpinner.call(this)}
  render() {
    return (
      <div className="some-form">
        {this.props.fetching ? 
          <img src="./assets/spinner.gif" alt="loading spinner" /> :
          <FormComponent formData={this.props.formData} />
        }
      </div>
    )
  }
}

function mapStateToProps(state) {
  return {
    fetching: state.form.fetching,
    formData: state.form.formData,
    error: state.form.error
  }
}

export default connect(mapStateToProps, { fetchFormData })(SomeForm)

答案 1 :(得分:2)

首先,我想说有is a debate around使用react-router的onEnter挂钩获取数据的主题,无论是否良好做法,不过这是怎么会这样:

您可以将redux-store传递给Router。让以下内容成为您安装Router的根组件:

...
import routes from 'routes-location';

class Root extends React.Component {
  render() {
    const { store, history } = this.props;

    return (
      <Provider store={store}>
        <Router history={history}>
          { routes(store) }
        </Router>
      </Provider>
    );
  }
}
...

您的路线将是:

import ...
...

const fetchData = (store) => {
  return (nextState, transition, callback) => {
    const { dispatch, getState } = store;
    const { loaded } = getState().myCoolReduxStore;
    // loaded is a key from my store that I put true when data has loaded

    if (!loaded) {
      // no data, dispatch action to get it
      dispatch(getDataAction())
        .then((data) => {
          callback();
        })
        .catch((error) => {
          // maybe it failed because of 403 forbitten, we can use tranition to redirect.
          // what's in state will come as props to the component `/forbitten` will mount.
          transition({
            pathname: '/forbitten',
            state: { error: error }
          });
          callback();
        });
    } else {
      // we already have the data loaded, let router continue its transition to the route
      callback();
    }
  }
};

export default (store) => {
  return (
    <Route path="/" component={App}>
      <Route path="myPage" name="My Page" component={MyPage} onEnter={fetchData(store)} />
      <Route path="forbitten" name="403" component={PageForbitten} />
      <Route path="*" name="404" component={PageNotFound} />
    </Route>
  );
};

请注意你的路由器文件正在以你的商店为参数导出thunk,如果你向上看,看看我们如何调用路由器,我们将商店对象传递给它。

可悲的是,在撰写本文时react-router docs将404返回给我,因此我无法向您指出描述(nextState, transition, callback)的文档。但是,关于那些,从我的记忆中来看:

  • nextState描述了路由react-router将转换为;

  • transition函数可以执行另一个转换,而不是来自nextState的转换;

  • callback会触发您的路线转换完成。

另一个想法指出,使用redux-thunk,您的调度操作可以返回一个承诺,请在文档here中进行检查。您可以在here上找到有关如何使用redux-thunk配置redux商店的一个很好的示例。

答案 2 :(得分:1)

我为此目的制作了一个方便的钩子,适用于 react-router v5:

/*
 * Return truthy if you wish to block. Empty return or false will not block
 */
export const useBlock = func => {
    const { block, push, location } = useHistory()
    const lastLocation = useRef()

    const funcRef = useRef()
    funcRef.current = func

    useEffect(() => {
        if (location === lastLocation.current || !funcRef.current)
            return
        lastLocation.current = location

        const unblock = block((location, action) => {
            const doBlock = async () => {
                if (!(await funcRef.current(location, action))) {
                    unblock()
                    push(location)
                }
            }
            doBlock()
            return false
        })
    }, [location, block, push])
}

在你的组件中,像这样使用它:

const MyComponent = () => {
    useBlock(async location => await fetchShouldBlock(location))

    return <span>Hello</span>
}

在异步函数返回之前不会发生导航;您可以通过返回 true 来完全阻止导航。

答案 3 :(得分:0)

由于以下错误,现在browserHistory不起作用:

  

'browserHistory'不会从'react-router'导出。

改为使用此代码:

import { createHashHistory } from 'history'

const history = createHashHistory()

并使用

this.props.history.push('/some_url')

在您的fetch上或其他任何地方。