Question

我希望捕获数字范围并将其替换为数字，但仅限于特定标记内。

$str = "This is some (the numbers are between 8, 9-12) and we have some 9-12 outside";

输出应为

$str = "This is some (the numbers are between 8, 9, 10, 11, 12) and we have some 9-12 outside";

我只需捕获9-12，它位于括号之间，并且只替换括号外的9-12。

Answer 1

您可以使用preg_replace_callback和基于\G的模式执行此操作：

$str='This is some (the numbers are between 8, 9-12) and we have some 9-12 outside';

echo preg_replace_callback('~(?:\G(?!\A)|\()[^)0-9]*+(?:[0-9]++(?!-[0-9])[^)0-9]*)*+\K([0-9]++)-([0-9]+)~', function ($m) {
    return implode(', ', range($m[1], $m[2]));
}, $str);

模式细节：

~
(?:  # two possible beginnings
    \G(?!\A)  # position after the previous match
  |           # OR
    \(        # an opening parenthesis
)
[^)0-9]*+ # all that is not a closing parenthesis or a digit 
(?:
    [0-9]++ (?!-[0-9]) # digits not followed by an hyphen and a digit
    [^)0-9]*
)*+
\K  # the match result starts here
([0-9]++) # group 1
-
([0-9]+)  # group 2
~

如果要限制获得匹配的步骤数，可以重写模式的开头：(?:\G(?!\A)|\()，如下所示：\G(?:(?!\A)|[^(]*\()。通过这种方式，模式在开括号之前不会再失败，但会很快达到它，从而避免（限制）模式开始时（大部分时间）失败交替的成本。

Answer 2

试试这个：

preg_match_all('#\([^\)]+\)#', $str, $matches);
foreach ($matches as $m) {
    $str = str_replace($m, str_replace('-', ', ', $m), $str);
}

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