我正在尝试通过一个单链表列表创建邻接列表。
看我的代码。
#include<iostream>
#include<cstdlib>
using namespace std;
typedef struct city
{
int id;
struct city *next;
}city;
int main()
{
int num_city, index = 0, length;
cin >> num_city;
length = num_city;
city **adj_list = new city*[num_city]; // here it's the header node
for(int index = 0 ; index < length ; index++)
adj_list[index] = new city;
city **temp = adj_list;
while( num_city -- )
{
int a,b;
cin >> a;
cin >> b;
a--;
b--;
city *t1 = new city;
t1 -> id = a;
t1 -> next = NULL;
city *t2 = new city;
t2 -> id = b;
t2 -> next = NULL;
temp[a] -> next = t2;
temp[b] -> next = t1;
temp[a] = temp[a] -> next;
temp[b] = temp[b] -> next;
}
for ( int index = 0; index < length ; index ++)
delete [] adj_list[index];
delete [] adj_list;
adj_list = NULL;
exit(0);
}
当我尝试逐个浏览单链表时,其输出为NULL
。
在GDB
此代码之后,我发现:启动循环,city
已成功创建,adj_list[index]
也可以指向正确的内存位置。进入下一个循环后,adj_list[index]
意外地等于NULL
。
有什么问题?
答案 0 :(得分:0)
有两个问题。您正在使用temp
来跟踪每个列表中的最后一项。但是temp
指向原始adj_list
(是 adj_list
而不是副本(如果是)),结果就是adj_list
本身仅保留您在每个列表中添加的最后一项。如果您将初始adj_list
复制到temp
,则更新temp
不会影响adj_list
中的现有项目。
第二个问题是,可能会有比城市更多的邻居对。 5个城市的例子:(2,3),(2,4),(2,5),(2,1),(1,5),(4,5),(3,4)。因此,您无法循环num_city
。而是保持循环,直到用户输入城市的-1
。
我添加了一个构造函数city( int id, city* next )
,以便更容易初始化每个新城市。 temp
已重命名为tail
,以便更清楚其目的是什么。该功能分为3个部分,即构建,打印和删除。
typedef struct city
{
int id;
struct city *next;
city(int id, city *next) { this->id = id; this->next = next; }
} city;
// pass `adj_list` in as a reference (city **&) so you keep the changes to it when you return
int adj_list_build(city **& adj_list)
{
int num_city, index = 0;
cin >> num_city;
// you need to keep track of the "tail" (end) of each list so you know where to add next item
city **tail = new city*[num_city];
adj_list = new city*[num_city];
for (int index = 0; index < num_city; index++)
{
adj_list[index] = new city( index, NULL );
tail[index] = adj_list[index]; // the tail starts off pointing to the first item in each list
}
while (true)
{
int a, b;
cin >> a; // enter `-1` to stop
if (a == -1 ) break;
cin >> b;
a--; // convert to 0-index
b--;
city *t1 = new city( a, NULL );
city *t2 = new city( b, NULL );
tail[a]->next = t2;
tail[b]->next = t1;
tail[a] = t2; // or `tail[a] = tail[a]->next;` - they have same effect
tail[b] = t1;
}
return num_city;
}
void adj_list_print(city ** adj_list, int length)
{
for (int index = 0; index < length; index++)
{
cout << index << ": ";
city * item = adj_list[index];
while (item)
{
cout << item->id << " " << item->next << " ";
item = item->next;
}
cout << endl;
}
}
void adj_list_delete(city ** adj_list, int length)
{
for (int index = 0; index < length; index++)
delete[] adj_list[index];
delete[] adj_list;
adj_list = NULL;
}
void main()
{
city ** adj_list;
int len = adj_list_build( adj_list );
adj_list_print(adj_list, len);
adj_list_delete(adj_list, len);
}