Question

我想绘制平行于XZ轴的N个平面（比如说10个）并且使用python相互等距。如果可能的话，从用户那里选择飞机的数量会很好。如果用户给出＆＃34; 20＆＃34;然后将在3D中绘制20个平面。这就是我所做的。但我想知道是否有一种方法可以调用每个平面或者喜欢获得每个平面的方程式？

 import numpy as np
 import itertools
 import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
 from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D

 plt3d = plt.figure().gca(projection='3d')
 xx, zz = np.meshgrid(range(10), range(10))
 yy =0.5
 for _ in itertools.repeat(None, 20):

     plt3d.plot_surface(xx, yy, zz)
     plt.hold(True)
     yy=yy+.1

     plt.show()

Answer 1

以下是如何以非常通用的方式实现所需内容的示例。

from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import axes3d
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import cm
from pylab import meshgrid,linspace,zeros,dot,norm,cross,vstack,array,matrix,sqrt



def rotmatrix(axis,costheta):
    """ Calculate rotation matrix

    Arguments:
    - `axis`     : Rotation axis
    - `costheta` : Rotation angle
    """
    x,y,z = axis
    c = costheta
    s = sqrt(1-c*c)
    C = 1-c
    return  matrix([[ x*x*C+c,    x*y*C-z*s,  x*z*C+y*s ],
                    [ y*x*C+z*s,  y*y*C+c,    y*z*C-x*s ],
                    [ z*x*C-y*s,  z*y*C+x*s,  z*z*C+c   ]])

def plane(Lx,Ly,Nx,Ny,n,d):
    """ Calculate points of a generic plane 

    Arguments:
    - `Lx` : Plane Length first direction
    - `Ly` : Plane Length second direction
    - `Nx` : Number of points, first direction
    - `Ny` : Number of points, second direction
    - `n`  : Plane orientation, normal vector
    - `d`  : distance from the origin
    """

    x = linspace(-Lx/2,Lx/2,Nx)
    y = linspace(-Ly/2,Ly/2,Ny)
    # Create the mesh grid, of a XY plane sitting on the orgin
    X,Y = meshgrid(x,y)
    Z   = zeros([Nx,Ny])
    n0 = array([0,0,1])

    # Rotate plane to the given normal vector
    if any(n0!=n):
        costheta = dot(n0,n)/(norm(n0)*norm(n))
        axis     = cross(n0,n)/norm(cross(n0,n))
        rotMatrix = rotmatrix(axis,costheta)
        XYZ = vstack([X.flatten(),Y.flatten(),Z.flatten()])
        X,Y,Z = array(rotMatrix*XYZ).reshape(3,Nx,Ny)

    dVec = (n/norm(n))*d
    X,Y,Z = X+dVec[0],Y+dVec[1],Z+dVec[2]
    return X,Y,Z


if __name__ == "__main__":

    # Plot as many planes as you like
    Nplanes = 10

    # Set color list from a cmap
    colorList = cm.jet(linspace(0,1,Nplanes))

    # List of Distances
    distList = linspace(-10,10,Nplanes)

    # Plane orientation - normal vector
    normalVector = array([0,1,1]) # Y direction

    # Create figure
    fig = plt.figure()
    ax = fig.gca(projection='3d')

    # Plotting
    for i,ypos in enumerate(linspace(-10,10,10)):

        # Calculate plane
        X,Y,Z = plane(20,20,100,100,normalVector,distList[i])

        ax.plot_surface(X, Y, Z, rstride=5, cstride=5,
                        alpha=0.8, color=colorList[i])

    # Set plot display parameters    
    ax.set_xlabel('X')
    ax.set_xlim(-10, 10)
    ax.set_ylabel('Y')
    ax.set_ylim(-10, 10)
    ax.set_zlabel('Z')
    ax.set_zlim(-10, 10)

    plt.show()

如果需要围绕法线向量旋转平面，也可以使用旋转矩阵。

干杯

在python中以3D形式绘制与XZ轴平行的N个平面

1 个答案: