Question

我正在编写一个python脚本，我正在编写审计来自我公司许多不同应用程序的所有CSV文件，我几乎完成了一个概念验证，带给老板，AND展示我可以用python做什么，但问题是我不太了解python中的CSV类......

以下是我的计算机信息列表的示例：

['EB-ABORTZ,True,False,False,0', 'EB-AGONCHAROVA,True,False,False,0',
 'EB-AHART-1,True,False,False,0', 'EB-AHEIDENREICH,True,False,False,0',
 'EB-ALOCKLEAR,True,False,False,0', 'EB-AMARGULIS,True,False,False,0',
 'EB-ASKLAR,True,False,False,0', 'EB-ASKLAR-1,True,False,False,0',
 'EB-ASKLAR-3,True,False,False,0', 'EB-BCHOW-1,True,False,False,0',
 'EB-BJOHNSON,True,False,False,0', 'EB-BLYLE,True,False,False,0',
 'EB-BRUSSUM,True,False,False,0', 'EB-CCLEARY,True,False,False,0',
 'EB-...]

以下是最后代码产生的例子......

"E","B","-","A","B","O","R","T","Z",",","T","r","u","e",",","F","a","l","s","e",",","F","a","l","s","e",",","0"
"E","B","-","A","G","O","N","C","H","A","R","O","V","A",",","T","r","u","e",",","F","a","l","s","e",",","F","a","l","s","e",",","0"
"E","B","-","A","H","A","R","T","-","1",",","T","r","u","e",",","F","a","l","s","e",",","F","a","l","s","e",",","0"
"E","B","-","A","H","E","I","D","E","N","R","E","I","C","H",",","T","r","u","e",",","F","a","l","s","e",",","F","a","l","s","e",",","0"
"E","B","-","A","L","O","C","K","L","E","A","R",",","T","r","u","e",",","F","a","l","s","e",",","F","a","l","s","e",",","0"
"E","B","-","A","M","A","R","G","U","L","I","S",",","T","r","u","e",",","F","a","l","s","e",",","F","a","l","s","e",",","0"

以下是我用来尝试将数据导出为CSV格式的方法的副本。

def collate_computers(computers):
    with open('results.csv', 'w', encoding='utf8', )as outfile:
        writer = csv.writer(outfile, quoting=csv.QUOTE_ALL, delimiter=',')
        for c in computers:
            writer.writerow(c)

Answer 1

按原样，您的写行方法生成逗号分隔值（.csv）

csv模块不直接支持读写Unicode，但是对于ASCII NUL的一些问题，它是8位清除字符。所以你可以编写处理函数的函数或类只要你避免像编码一样编码和解码使用NUL的UTF-16。建议使用UTF-8。更多信息here

如果你想每行1个字符串（每行1个列表项）

with open('results.csv', 'w') as outfile:
    csvWriter = csv.writer(outfile)
    for c in computers:
        csvWriter.writerow([c.encode('utf-8')])

Answer 2

问题是computers中的每个项都是一个字符串，而Python中的字符串是字符序列，因此writer.writerow()认为每个字符都是一个单独的字段。要解决此问题，您需要根据逗号所在的字段将每个字符串split首先放入字段：

import csv

def collate_computers(computers):
    with open('results.csv', 'w', encoding='utf8') as outfile:
        writer = csv.writer(outfile, quoting=csv.QUOTE_ALL, delimiter=',')
        for s in computers:
            fields = s.split(',')
            writer.writerow(fields)

computers = [
    "EB-ABORTZ,True,False,False,0",
    "EB-AGONCHAROVA,True,False,False,0",
    "EB-AHART-1,True,False,False,0",
    "EB-AHEIDENREICH,True,False,False,0",
    "EB-ALOCKLEAR,True,False,False,0",
    "EB-AMARGULIS,True,False,False,0"
]

collate_computers(computers)

<强> results.csv

"EB-ABORTZ","True","False","False","0"
"EB-AGONCHAROVA","True","False","False","0"
"EB-AHART-1","True","False","False","0"
"EB-AHEIDENREICH","True","False","False","0"
"EB-ALOCKLEAR","True","False","False","0"
"EB-AMARGULIS","True","False","False","0"

Answer 3

CSV编写器函数writerow将列表作为输入，并将每个元素写入该行。将单个字符串传递给函数时，writer会将字符串解释为字符列表。

我假设你想要写出字符串中出现的每一行。因此，不要使用writer.writerow(c)，而是使用writer.writerow(c.split(','))。这会将字符串拆分为一个列表，并用逗号分隔。

您的csv文件应如下所示：

EB-ABORTZ,True,False,False,0
EB-AGONCHAROVA,True,False,False,0
EB-AHART-1,True,False,False,0
EB-AHEIDENREICH,True,False,False,0
EB-ALOCKLEAR,True,False,False,0
EB-AMARGULIS,True,False,False,0
EB-ASKLAR,True,False,False,0
EB-ASKLAR-1,True,False,False,0
EB-ASKLAR-3,True,False,False,0
EB-BCHOW-1,True,False,False,0
EB-BJOHNSON,True,False,False,0
EB-BLYLE,True,False,False,0
EB-BRUSSUM,True,False,False,0
EB-CCLEARY,True,False,False,0

导出为CSV将所有字符分隔为字段

3 个答案: