ImportError：Django 1.9中没有名为'myapp'的模块

Question

我已经开始为Django 1.9更新一个小测试项目。我的结构如下：

- myproject
- settings.py
- urls.py
- wsgi.py
- __init__.py
 - apps
 - __init__.py
  - myapp
   - admin.py
   - cms_app.py
   - cms_appconfig.py
   - models.py
   - urls.py
   - views.py
   -__init__.py

我得到的错误是：

Unhandled exception in thread started by <function check_errors.<locals>.wrapper at 0x1079c71e0>
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/myname/Documents/projects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/utils/autoreload.py", line 226, in wrapper
    fn(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/Users/myname/Documents/projects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/runserver.py", line 116, in inner_run
    self.check(display_num_errors=True)
  File "/Users/myname/Documents/projects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 426, in check
    include_deployment_checks=include_deployment_checks,
  File "/Users/myname/Documents/projects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/checks/registry.py", line 75, in run_checks
    new_errors = check(app_configs=app_configs)
  File "/Users/myname/Documents/projects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/checks/urls.py", line 13, in check_url_config
    return check_resolver(resolver)
  File "/Users/myname/Documents/projects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/checks/urls.py", line 23, in check_resolver
    for pattern in resolver.url_patterns:
  File "/Users/myname/Documents/projects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/utils/functional.py", line 33, in __get__
    res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance)
  File "/Users/myname/Documents/projects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/urlresolvers.py", line 417, in url_patterns
    patterns = getattr(self.urlconf_module, "urlpatterns", self.urlconf_module)
  File "/Users/myname/Documents/projects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/utils/functional.py", line 33, in __get__
    res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance)
  File "/Users/myname/Documents/projects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/urlresolvers.py", line 410, in urlconf_module
    return import_module(self.urlconf_name)
  File "/Users/myname/Documents/projects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.5/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 986, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 969, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 958, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 673, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 662, in exec_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 222, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "/Users/myname/Documents/projects/myproject/myproject/urls.py", line 20, in <module>
    url(r'^', include('cms.urls')), )
  File "/Users/myname/Documents/projects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/conf/urls/__init__.py", line 52, in include
    urlconf_module = import_module(urlconf_module)
  File "/Users/myname/Documents/projects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.5/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 986, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 969, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 958, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 673, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 662, in exec_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 222, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "/Users/myname/Documents/projects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/cms/urls.py", line 19, in <module>
    urlpatterns = get_app_patterns()
  File "/Users/myname/Documents/projects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/cms/appresolver.py", line 184, in get_app_patterns
    return _get_app_patterns()
  File "/Users/myname/Documents/projects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/cms/appresolver.py", line 248, in _get_app_patterns
    app_ns, get_patterns_for_title(path, title), app)
  File "/Users/myname/Documents/projects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/cms/appresolver.py", line 174, in get_patterns_for_title
    for pattern_list in get_app_urls(app.get_urls(title.page, title.language)):
  File "/Users/myname/Documents/projects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/cms/appresolver.py", line 158, in get_app_urls
    mod = import_module(urlconf)
  File "/Users/myname/Documents/projects/myproject/venv/lib/python3.5/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 986, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 969, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 944, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 222, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 986, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 969, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 956, in _find_and_load_unlocked
Importerror: No module named 'myapp'

我添加了包含应用程序的网站后发生错误。 cms_app.py：

# coding=utf-8
from aldryn_apphooks_config.app_base import CMSConfigApp
from cms.apphook_pool import apphook_pool
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
from .models import MyappConfig


class MyApp(CMSConfigApp):
    app_config = MyappConfig
    app_name = 'myapp'
    name = _("myapp")
    urls = ['crowdfunding.urls']

apphook_pool.register(MyApp)

urls.py:

# coding=utf-8
from django.conf.urls import patterns, url
from .views import ProjectListView, ProjectDetailView

Urlpatterns = patterns(
    '',
    url(r'^$', ProjectListView.as_view(),
        name="project_list"),
    url(r'^(?P<slug>[^/]+)$',
        ProjectDetailView.as_view(),
        name="project_details"),
    )

项目urls.py：

from __future__ import absolute_import, print_function, unicode_literals

from cms.sitemaps import CMSSitemap
from django.conf import settings
from django.conf.urls import *  # NOQA
from django.conf.urls.i18n import i18n_patterns
from django.contrib import admin
from django.contrib.staticfiles.urls import staticfiles_urlpatterns
admin.autodiscover()

urlpatterns = i18n_patterns(
    '',
    url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),  # NOQA
    url(r'^accounts/', include('allauth.urls')),
    url(r'^myapp/', include('myproject.apps.myapp'), name="myapp"),
    url(r'^sitemap\.xml$', 'django.contrib.sitemaps.views.sitemap',
        {'sitemaps': {'cmspages': CMSSitemap}}),
    url(r'^select2/', include('django_select2.urls')),
    url(r'^', include('cms.urls')), )

# This is only needed when using runserver.
if settings.DEBUG:
    urlpatterns = patterns(
        '',
        url(r'^media/(?P<path>.*)$',
            'django.views.static.serve',  # NOQA
            {'document_root': settings.MEDIA_ROOT,
             'show_indexes': True
             }), ) + staticfiles_urlpatterns() + urlpatterns  # NOQA

我尝试过几个例子，例如直接导入项目urls.py中的视图，然后给我一个“apps”无法找到的错误，这对我来说是一个奇怪的错误。我还删除了项目urls.py中的“名称”，并查看了cms_app.py，如果没有正确给出应用程序名称（我认为这是正确的）。

settings.py包含我的项目：

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'djangocms_admin_style',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.sites',
    'django.contrib.sitemaps',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    ...
    'myproject',
    'myproject.apps.myapp'
]

我之前没有看到过这个错误（在Django 1.8中），目前我在想，它与urls.py（s）和app加载有关。我确信这个应用程序在1.8中工作但是我找不到有关从1.8到1.9的更改的信息会产生这样的错误。所以我请你帮帮我，找到解决方案。

更新 我现在添加了一个/apps/myapp/apps.py（根据Django 1.9指南），内容如下：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from django.apps import AppConfig

class Myapp(AppConfig):
    name = 'myapp'
    verbose_name = 'My App Test'

并在apps / myapp / init .py：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from __future__ import unicode_literals
__version__ = '0.3'

default_app_config = 'myapp.apps.Myapp'

我还从主urls.py中删除了网址模式，并且也按照该指南的建议将其添加到apps / myapp / urls.py中。

现在错误信息有点短：

Unhandled exception in thread started by <function check_errors.<locals>.wrapper at 0x10975d7b8>
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/myname/Documents/projects/cr_new/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/utils/autoreload.py", line 229, in wrapper
    fn(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/Users/myname/Documents/projects/cr_new/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/runserver.py", line 107, in inner_run
    autoreload.raise_last_exception()
  File "/Users/myname/Documents/projects/cr_new/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/utils/autoreload.py", line 252, in raise_last_exception
    six.reraise(*_exception)
  File "/Users/myname/Documents/projects/cr_new/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/utils/six.py", line 685, in reraise
    raise value.with_traceback(tb)
  File "/Users/myname/Documents/projects/cr_new/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/utils/autoreload.py", line 229, in wrapper
    fn(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/Users/myname/Documents/projects/cr_new/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/__init__.py", line 18, in setup
    apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
  File "/Users/myname/Documents/projects/cr_new/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 85, in populate
    app_config = AppConfig.create(entry)
  File "/Users/myname/Documents/projects/cr_new/venv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/apps/config.py", line 86, in create
    module = import_module(entry)
  File "/Users/myname/Documents/projects/cr_new/venv/lib/python3.5/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 986, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 969, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 956, in _find_and_load_unlocked
ImportError: No module named 'myapp'

我认为，它与应用程序加载有关，但我无法弄清楚我做错了什么。