如何在Swift中访问应用程序包中包含的文件?

时间:2016-06-01 22:48:29

标签: ios swift file read-write

我知道有一些与此相关的问题,但它们都在Objective-C中。

如何使用实际iPhone上的Swift 访问我的应用中包含的.txt文件?我希望能够从中读取和写入。 Here是我的项目文件,如果你想看看。如有必要,我很乐意添加细节。

7 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:32)

只需在应用包中搜索资源

即可
var filePath = NSBundle.mainBundle().URLForResource("file", withExtension: "txt")

但是你无法写入它,因为它位于app资源目录中,你必须在文档目录中创建它才能写入它

var documentsDirectory: NSURL?
var fileURL: NSURL?

documentsDirectory = NSFileManager.defaultManager().URLsForDirectory(.DocumentDirectory, inDomains: .UserDomainMask).last!
fileURL = documentsDirectory!.URLByAppendingPathComponent("file.txt")

if (fileURL!.checkResourceIsReachableAndReturnError(nil)) {
    print("file exist")
}else{
    print("file doesnt exist")
    NSData().writeToURL(fileURL!,atomically:true)
}

现在您可以从 fileURL

访问它

编辑 - 2018年8月28日

这是在 Swift 4.2

中执行此操作的方法
var filePath = Bundle.main.url(forResource: "file", withExtension: "txt")

在文档目录

中创建它
if let documentsDirectory = FileManager.default.urls(for: .documentDirectory, in: .userDomainMask).last {
   let fileURL = documentsDirectory.appendingPathComponent("file.txt")
   do {
       if try fileURL.checkResourceIsReachable() {
           print("file exist")
       } else {
           print("file doesnt exist")
           do {
            try Data().write(to: fileURL)
           } catch {
               print("an error happened while creating the file")
           }
       }
   } catch {
       print("an error happened while checking for the file")
   }
}

答案 1 :(得分:13)

Swift 3 ,基于Karim’s answer

<强>读

您可以通过软件包的资源读取应用程序包中包含的文件:

let fileURL = Bundle.main.url(forResource:"filename", withExtension: "txt")

<强>编写

但是,你不能写在那里。您需要创建一个副本,最好是在Documents目录中:

func makeWritableCopy(named destFileName: String, ofResourceFile originalFileName: String) throws -> URL {
    // Get Documents directory in app bundle
    guard let documentsDirectory = FileManager.default.urls(for: .documentDirectory, in: .userDomainMask).last else {
        fatalError("No document directory found in application bundle.")
    }

    // Get URL for dest file (in Documents directory)
    let writableFileURL = documentsDirectory.appendingPathComponent(destFileName)

    // If dest file doesn’t exist yet
    if (try? writableFileURL.checkResourceIsReachable()) == nil {
        // Get original (unwritable) file’s URL
        guard let originalFileURL = Bundle.main.url(forResource: originalFileName, withExtension: nil) else {
            fatalError("Cannot find original file “\(originalFileName)” in application bundle’s resources.")
        }

        // Get original file’s contents
        let originalContents = try Data(contentsOf: originalFileURL)

        // Write original file’s contents to dest file
        try originalContents.write(to: writableFileURL, options: .atomic)
        print("Made a writable copy of file “\(originalFileName)” in “\(documentsDirectory)\\\(destFileName)”.")

    } else { // Dest file already exists
        // Print dest file contents
        let contents = try String(contentsOf: writableFileURL, encoding: String.Encoding.utf8)
        print("File “\(destFileName)” already exists in “\(documentsDirectory)”.\nContents:\n\(contents)")
    }

    // Return dest file URL
    return writableFileURL
}

使用示例:

let stuffFileURL = try makeWritableCopy(named: "Stuff.txt", ofResourceFile: "Stuff.txt")
try "New contents".write(to: stuffFileURL, atomically: true, encoding: String.Encoding.utf8)

答案 2 :(得分:8)

使用Swift 4使用此代码的快速更新:

Bundle.main.url(forResource:"YourFile", withExtension: "FileExtension")

以下内容已更新,以便将文件写出:

var myData: Data!

func checkFile() {
    if let documentsDirectory = FileManager.default.urls(for: .documentDirectory, in: .userDomainMask).last {
        let fileURL = documentsDirectory.appendingPathComponent("YourFile.extension")
        do {
            let fileExists = try fileURL.checkResourceIsReachable()
            if fileExists {
                print("File exists")
            } else {
                print("File does not exist, create it")
                writeFile(fileURL: fileURL)
            }
        } catch {
            print(error.localizedDescription)
        }
    }
}

func writeFile(fileURL: URL) {
    do {
        try myData.write(to: fileURL)
    } catch {
        print(error.localizedDescription)
    }
}

这个特殊的例子并不是最灵活的,但通过一些工作,您可以轻松传入自己的文件名,扩展名和数据值。

答案 3 :(得分:2)

捆绑包是只读的。您可以使用NSBundle.mainBundle().pathForResource以只读方式访问该文件,但是对于读写访问,您需要将文档复制到Documents文件夹或tmp文件夹。

答案 4 :(得分:1)

从Swift 5.1捆绑包中获取文件

//For Video File
let stringPath = Bundle.main.path(forResource: "(Your video file name)", ofType: "mov")

let urlVideo = Bundle.main.url(forResource: "Your video file name", withExtension: "mov")

答案 5 :(得分:0)

可以写捆绑。您可以使用Bundle.main.path将文件添加到Copy Bundles Resource中来覆盖文件。

Project -> Target -> Build Pharse -> Copy Bundles Resource

答案 6 :(得分:0)

?Property Wrapper-获取并转换为正确的数据类型

这个简单的包装器可以帮助您以最干净的方式从任何捆绑软件中加载任何文件:

@propertyWrapper struct BundleFile<DataType> {
    let name: String
    let type: String
    let fileManager: FileManager = .default
    let bundle: Bundle = .main
    let decoder: (Data) -> DataType

    var wrappedValue: DataType {
        guard let path = bundle.path(forResource: name, ofType: type) else { fatalError("Resource not found: \(name).\(type)") }
        guard let data = fileManager.contents(atPath: path) else { fatalError("Can not load file at: \(path)") }
        return decoder(data)
    }
}

用法:

@BundleFile(name: "avatar", type: "jpg", decoder: { UIImage(data: $0)! } )
var avatar: UIImage

您可以定义任何解码器来满足您的需求