如何使用多个条件过滤Directory.EnumerateFiles?

时间:2010-09-20 18:02:58

标签: c# .net

我有以下代码:

List<string> result = new List<string>();

foreach (string file in Directory.EnumerateFiles(path,"*.*",  
      SearchOption.AllDirectories)
      .Where(s => s.EndsWith(".mp3") || s.EndsWith(".wma")))
       {
          result.Add(file);                 
       }

它工作正常,做我需要的。除了一件小事。我想找到一种更好的方法来过滤多个扩展。我想使用带有过滤器的字符串数组:

string[] extensions = { "*.mp3", "*.wma", "*.mp4", "*.wav" };

使用.NET Framework 4.0 / LINQ执行此操作的最有效方法是什么?有什么建议吗?

我很感激任何帮助成为偶尔的程序员: - )

8 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:75)

我在今年早些时候创建了一些帮助方法来解决这个问题,我blogged

一个版本采用正则表达式模式\.mp3|\.mp4,另一个版本采用字符串列表并且并行运行。

public static class MyDirectory
{   // Regex version
   public static IEnumerable<string> GetFiles(string path, 
                       string searchPatternExpression = "",
                       SearchOption searchOption = SearchOption.TopDirectoryOnly)
   {
      Regex reSearchPattern = new Regex(searchPatternExpression, RegexOptions.IgnoreCase);
      return Directory.EnumerateFiles(path, "*", searchOption)
                      .Where(file =>
                               reSearchPattern.IsMatch(Path.GetExtension(file)));
   }

   // Takes same patterns, and executes in parallel
   public static IEnumerable<string> GetFiles(string path, 
                       string[] searchPatterns, 
                       SearchOption searchOption = SearchOption.TopDirectoryOnly)
   {
      return searchPatterns.AsParallel()
             .SelectMany(searchPattern => 
                    Directory.EnumerateFiles(path, searchPattern, searchOption));
   }
}

答案 1 :(得分:25)

从LINQ上下文中删除,这归结为如何找出文件是否与扩展列表匹配。 System.IO.Path.GetExtension()是比String.EndsWith()更好的选择。多个||可以替换为.Contains().IndexOf(),具体取决于集合。

var extensions = new HashSet<string>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase)  
   {  ".mp3", ".wma", ".mp4", ".wav" };

...  s => extensions.Contains(Path.GetExtension(s))

答案 2 :(得分:17)

string path = "C:\\";
var result = new List<string>();
string[] extensions = { ".mp3", ".wma", ".mp4", ".wav" };

foreach (string file in Directory.EnumerateFiles(path, "*.*", SearchOption.AllDirectories)
    .Where(s => extensions.Any(ext => ext == Path.GetExtension(s))))
{
    result.Add(file);
    Console.WriteLine(file);
}

答案 3 :(得分:13)

最优雅的方法可能是:

var directory = new DirectoryInfo(path);
var masks = new[] { "*.mp3", "*.wav" };
var files = masks.SelectMany(directory.EnumerateFiles);

但它可能不是最有效的。

答案 4 :(得分:9)

正如我在评论中指出的那样,虽然Mikael Svenson的助手方法是很好的解决方案,但如果你想再次为一次性项目做点什么,请考虑Linq扩展 .Union( )即可。这允许您将两个可枚举的序列连接在一起。在您的情况下,代码将如下所示:

List<string> result = Directory.EnumerateFiles(path,"*.mp3", SearchOption.AllDirectories)
.Union(Directory.EnumerateFiles(path, ".wma", SearchOption.AllDirectories)).ToList();

这会在一行中创建并填充结果列表。

答案 5 :(得分:2)

我知道这是一篇很老的帖子,但我想出了一个人们可能想要使用的解决方案。

private IEnumerable<FileInfo> FindFiles()
{
    DirectoryInfo sourceDirectory = new DirectoryInfo(@"C:\temp\mydirectory");
    string foldersFilter = "*bin*,*obj*";
    string fileTypesFilter = "*.mp3,*.wma,*.mp4,*.wav";

    // filter by folder name and extension
    IEnumerable<DirectoryInfo> directories = foldersFilter.Split(',').SelectMany(pattern => sourceDirectory.EnumerateDirectories(pattern, SearchOption.AllDirectories));
    List<FileInfo> files = new List<FileInfo>();
    files.AddRange(directories.SelectMany(dir => fileTypesFilter.Split(',').SelectMany(pattern => dir.EnumerateFiles(pattern, SearchOption.AllDirectories))));

    // Pick up root files
    files.AddRange(fileTypesFilter.Split(',').SelectMany(pattern => sourceDirectory.EnumerateFiles(fileTypesFilter, SearchOption.TopDirectoryOnly)));

    // filter just by extension
    IEnumerable<FileInfo> files2 = fileTypesFilter.Split(',').SelectMany(pattern => sourceDirectory.EnumerateFiles(pattern, SearchOption.AllDirectories));
}

答案 6 :(得分:1)

使用相同的File Extensions列表字符串作为GUI打开对话框进行过滤,例如:

".exe,.pdb".Split(',', ';', '|').SelectMany(_ => Directory.EnumerateFiles(".", "*" + _, searchOptions)

打包:

    public static IEnumerable<string> EnumerateFilesFilter(string path, string filesFilter, SearchOption searchOption = SearchOption.TopDirectoryOnly)
    {
        return filesFilter.Split(',', ';', '|').SelectMany(_ => Directory.EnumerateFiles(path, "*" + _, searchOption));
    }

答案 7 :(得分:0)

我这样解决了这个问题:

string[] formats = {".mp3", ".wma", ".mp4"};

foreach (var file in Directory.EnumerateFiles(folder, "*.*", SearchOption.AllDirectories).Where(x => formats.Any(x.EndsWith)))
{
    // TODO...
}