初学者挥杆递归

时间:2016-05-26 00:27:54

标签: java swing recursion

第一次在这里发帖。这个编程任务让我难以接受,代码如下:

import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;

public class HTree extends JPanel {

private Color color = new Color((int)(Math.random() * 256), (int)(Math.random() * 256), (int)(Math.random() * 256));

public void draw(Graphics g, int n, double sz, double x, double y) {
    if (n == 0) return; 
    double x0 = x - sz/2, x1 = x + sz/2;
    double y0 = y - sz/2, y1 = y + sz/2;
    // draw the 3 line segments of the H  
    g.setColor(color);
    g.drawLine((int)x0, (int)y, (int)x1, (int)y);
    g.drawLine((int)x0, (int)y0, (int)x0, (int)y1);
    g.drawLine((int)x1, (int)y0, (int)x1, (int)y1);
    // recursively draw 4 half-size
    // H-trees of order n-1
    g.setColor(color);
    draw(g, n-1, sz/2, x0, y0);
    draw(g, n-1, sz/2, x0, y1);
    draw(g, n-1, sz/2, x1, y0);
    draw(g, n-1, sz/2, x1, y1);
    repaint();
}

public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
    super.paintComponent(g);
    draw(g, 3, .5, .5, .5);
}

public static void main(String[] args) {
    HTree h = new HTree();
    JFrame application = new JFrame("HTree");
    application.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    application.add(h);
    application.setSize(1000, 1000);
    application.setVisible(true);
}
}

它正确编译,但在运行程序时,我得到的是一个空的JFrame。我对swing不太熟悉,但我认为问题在于HTree构造函数是错误的,或者我可能需要在main中调用draw(),但不知道如何使用Graphics对象调用它。感谢任何帮助,谢谢!

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:5)

一些观察结果:

  • 使用相对于面板当前大小的整数坐标。

  • 覆盖getPreferredSize()以建立初始几何体。

  • 使用Color.getHSBColor()获得明亮饱和的色彩;考虑创建一个色域,在每个级别为example选择一个不同的色调。

  • event dispatch thread.

  • 上构建和操作仅的Swing GUI对象
  • 根据建议herehere,考虑使用JSpinnerJSlider以交互方式控制递归深度。

  • 不要递归调用repaint();使用它来安排对paintComponent()实现的调用,就像递归深度收费以响应某些输入一样。

  • 考虑使用setStroke()和呈现提示,如here所示。

  • 考虑使用javax.swing.Timer,每次调用ActionListener时递归深度增加一级。

image

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;

/**
 * @see https://stackoverflow.com/a/37450393/230513
 */
public class HTree {

    private void display() {
        JFrame f = new JFrame("HTree");
        f.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        f.add(new Tree());
        f.pack();
        f.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
        f.setVisible(true);
    }

    private static class Tree extends JPanel {

        private final Color color = Color.getHSBColor((float) Math.random(), 1, 1);

        public void draw(Graphics g, int n, double sz, double x, double y) {
            if (n == 0) {
                return;
            }
            double x0 = x - sz / 2, x1 = x + sz / 2;
            double y0 = y - sz / 2, y1 = y + sz / 2;
            // draw the 3 line segments of the H 
            g.setColor(color);
            g.drawLine((int) x0, (int) y, (int) x1, (int) y);
            g.drawLine((int) x0, (int) y0, (int) x0, (int) y1);
            g.drawLine((int) x1, (int) y0, (int) x1, (int) y1);
            // recursively draw 4 half-size
            // H-trees of order n-1
            g.setColor(color);
            draw(g, n - 1, sz / 2, x0, y0);
            draw(g, n - 1, sz / 2, x0, y1);
            draw(g, n - 1, sz / 2, x1, y0);
            draw(g, n - 1, sz / 2, x1, y1);
        }

        @Override
        public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
            super.paintComponent(g);
            draw(g, 3, getWidth() / 2, getWidth() / 2, getHeight() / 2);
        }

        @Override
        public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
            return new Dimension(500, 500);
        }

        public static void main(String[] args) {
            EventQueue.invokeLater(new HTree()::display);
        }
    }
}