可以通过界面编辑器轻松地将容器视图添加到故事板中。添加时,Container View具有占位符视图,嵌入segue和(子)视图控制器。
但是,我无法找到以编程方式添加Container View的方法。实际上,我甚至找不到名为UIContainerView
左右的课程。
Container View类的名称肯定是一个好的开始。我们非常感谢包括segue在内的完整指南。
我知道View Controller Programming Guide,但我不认为它与Interface Builder对Container Viewer的方式相同。例如,正确设置约束后,(子)视图将适应容器视图中的大小更改。
答案 0 :(得分:176)
故事板"容器视图"只是一个标准的UIView
对象。没有特殊的容器视图"类型。实际上,如果查看视图层次结构,可以看到"容器视图"是标准UIView
:
要以编程方式实现此目的,您可以使用"查看控制器包含":
instantiateViewController(withIdentifier:)
来实例化子视图控制器。addChild
。view
将视图控制器的addSubview
添加到您的视图层次结构中(并根据需要设置frame
或约束。)didMove(toParent:)
方法,将引用传递给父视图控制器。请参阅 View Controller编程指南中的Implementing a Container View Controller和"实现容器视图控制器" UIViewController Class Reference。
的部分例如,在Swift 4.2中,它可能看起来像:
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
let controller = storyboard!.instantiateViewController(withIdentifier: "Second")
addChild(controller)
controller.view.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
view.addSubview(controller.view)
NSLayoutConstraint.activate([
controller.view.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.leadingAnchor, constant: 10),
controller.view.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.trailingAnchor, constant: -10),
controller.view.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.topAnchor, constant: 10),
controller.view.bottomAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.bottomAnchor, constant: -10)
])
controller.didMove(toParent: self)
}
注意,上面并没有实际添加一个"容器视图"到层次结构。如果你想这样做,你可以这样做:
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
// add container
let containerView = UIView()
containerView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
view.addSubview(containerView)
NSLayoutConstraint.activate([
containerView.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.leadingAnchor, constant: 10),
containerView.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.trailingAnchor, constant: -10),
containerView.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.topAnchor, constant: 10),
containerView.bottomAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.bottomAnchor, constant: -10),
])
// add child view controller view to container
let controller = storyboard!.instantiateViewController(withIdentifier: "Second")
addChild(controller)
controller.view.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
containerView.addSubview(controller.view)
NSLayoutConstraint.activate([
controller.view.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: containerView.leadingAnchor),
controller.view.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: containerView.trailingAnchor),
controller.view.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: containerView.topAnchor),
controller.view.bottomAnchor.constraint(equalTo: containerView.bottomAnchor)
])
controller.didMove(toParent: self)
}
如果在不同的子视图控制器之间进行转换,并且您只是想确保一个子视图位于同一位置和之前的子视图(即所有唯一视图),则后一种模式非常有用放置的约束由容器视图决定,而不是每次都需要重建这些约束。但是如果只是执行简单的视图包含,那么对这个单独的容器视图的需求就不那么引人注目了。
在上面的示例中,我将translatesAutosizingMaskIntoConstraints
设置为false
自己定义约束。您显然可以将translatesAutosizingMaskIntoConstraints
设为true
,并为您添加的视图设置frame
和autosizingMask
,如果您愿意的话。
答案 1 :(得分:24)
@Rob在Swift 3中的回答:
// add container
let containerView = UIView()
containerView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
view.addSubview(containerView)
NSLayoutConstraint.activate([
containerView.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.leadingAnchor, constant: 10),
containerView.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.trailingAnchor, constant: -10),
containerView.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.topAnchor, constant: 10),
containerView.bottomAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.bottomAnchor, constant: -10),
])
// add child view controller view to container
let controller = storyboard!.instantiateViewController(withIdentifier: "Second")
addChildViewController(controller)
controller.view.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
containerView.addSubview(controller.view)
NSLayoutConstraint.activate([
controller.view.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: containerView.leadingAnchor),
controller.view.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: containerView.trailingAnchor),
controller.view.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: containerView.topAnchor),
controller.view.bottomAnchor.constraint(equalTo: containerView.bottomAnchor)
])
controller.didMove(toParentViewController: self)
答案 2 :(得分:12)
import UIKit
class WeakObject {
weak var object: AnyObject?
init(object: AnyObject) { self.object = object}
}
class EmbedController {
private weak var rootViewController: UIViewController?
private var controllers = [WeakObject]()
init (rootViewController: UIViewController) { self.rootViewController = rootViewController }
func append(viewController: UIViewController) {
guard let rootViewController = rootViewController else { return }
controllers.append(WeakObject(object: viewController))
rootViewController.addChild(viewController)
rootViewController.view.addSubview(viewController.view)
}
deinit {
if rootViewController == nil || controllers.isEmpty { return }
for controller in controllers {
if let controller = controller.object {
controller.view.removeFromSuperview()
controller.removeFromParent()
}
}
controllers.removeAll()
}
}
class SampleViewController: UIViewController {
private var embedController: EmbedController?
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
embedController = EmbedController(rootViewController: self)
let newViewController = ViewControllerWithButton()
newViewController.view.frame = CGRect(origin: CGPoint(x: 50, y: 150), size: CGSize(width: 200, height: 80))
newViewController.view.backgroundColor = .lightGray
embedController?.append(viewController: newViewController)
}
}
的ViewController
import UIKit
class ViewController: UIViewController {
private var embedController: EmbedController?
private var button: UIButton?
private let addEmbedButtonTitle = "Add embed"
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
button = UIButton(frame: CGRect(x: 50, y: 50, width: 150, height: 20))
button?.setTitle(addEmbedButtonTitle, for: .normal)
button?.setTitleColor(.black, for: .normal)
button?.addTarget(self, action: #selector(buttonTapped), for: .touchUpInside)
view.addSubview(button!)
print("viewDidLoad")
printChildViewControllesInfo()
}
func addChildViewControllers() {
var newViewController = ViewControllerWithButton()
newViewController.view.frame = CGRect(origin: CGPoint(x: 50, y: 150), size: CGSize(width: 200, height: 80))
newViewController.view.backgroundColor = .lightGray
embedController?.append(viewController: newViewController)
newViewController = ViewControllerWithButton()
newViewController.view.frame = CGRect(origin: CGPoint(x: 50, y: 250), size: CGSize(width: 200, height: 80))
newViewController.view.backgroundColor = .blue
embedController?.append(viewController: newViewController)
print("\nChildViewControllers added")
printChildViewControllesInfo()
}
@objc func buttonTapped() {
if embedController == nil {
embedController = EmbedController(rootViewController: self)
button?.setTitle("Remove embed", for: .normal)
addChildViewControllers()
} else {
embedController = nil
print("\nChildViewControllers removed")
printChildViewControllesInfo()
button?.setTitle(addEmbedButtonTitle, for: .normal)
}
}
func printChildViewControllesInfo() {
print("view.subviews.count: \(view.subviews.count)")
print("childViewControllers.count: \(childViewControllers.count)")
}
}
ViewControllerWithButton
import UIKit
class ViewControllerWithButton:UIViewController {
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
}
private func addButon() {
let buttonWidth: CGFloat = 150
let buttonHeight: CGFloat = 20
let frame = CGRect(x: (view.frame.width-buttonWidth)/2, y: (view.frame.height-buttonHeight)/2, width: buttonWidth, height: buttonHeight)
let button = UIButton(frame: frame)
button.setTitle("Button", for: .normal)
button.addTarget(self, action: #selector(buttonTapped), for: .touchUpInside)
view.addSubview(button)
}
override func viewWillLayoutSubviews() {
addButon()
}
@objc func buttonTapped() {
print("Button tapped in \(self)")
}
}
答案 3 :(得分:10)
这是我在swift 3中的代码,也适用于swift 4。
class ViewEmbedder {
class func embed(
parent:UIViewController,
container:UIView,
child:UIViewController,
previous:UIViewController?){
if let previous = previous {
removeFromParent(vc: previous)
}
child.willMove(toParentViewController: parent)
parent.addChildViewController(child)
container.addSubview(child.view)
child.didMove(toParentViewController: parent)
let w = container.frame.size.width;
let h = container.frame.size.height;
child.view.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: w, height: h)
}
class func removeFromParent(vc:UIViewController){
vc.willMove(toParentViewController: nil)
vc.view.removeFromSuperview()
vc.removeFromParentViewController()
}
class func embed(withIdentifier id:String, parent:UIViewController, container:UIView, completion:((UIViewController)->Void)? = nil){
let vc = parent.storyboard!.instantiateViewController(withIdentifier: id)
embed(
parent: parent,
container: container,
child: vc,
previous: parent.childViewControllers.first
)
completion?(vc)
}
}
@IBOutlet weak var container:UIView!
ViewEmbedder.embed(
withIdentifier: "MyVC", // Storyboard ID
parent: self,
container: self.container){ vc in
// do things when embed complete
}
将其他嵌入功能与非故事板视图控制器一起使用。