如何在批处理脚本中使用WMIC获取内存利用率百分比？

时间：2016-05-20 05:21:27

标签： windows batch-file scripting

我没有使用W MIC获得批处理脚本中内存利用率百分比的结果。我只获得总内存和可用内存的字节数。

那么如何获得以兆字节为单位的内容以及如何计算内存利用率？

代码： - 

@echo off
setlocal enabledelayedexpansion

set Times=0
for /f "skip=1" %%p in ('wmic cpu get loadpercentage') do (
    set Cpusage!Times!=%%p
    set /A Times+=1
)

echo CPU Percentage = %Cpusage0%%%

set Times=0
for /f "skip=1" %%p in ('wmic ComputerSystem get TotalPhysicalMemory') do (
    set totalMem!Times!=%%p
    set /A Times+=1
)

set Times=0
for /f "skip=1" %%p in ('wmic OS get FreePhysicalMemory') do (
    set availableMem!Times!=%%p
    set /A Times+=1
)

set Times=0
for /f "skip=1" %%p in ('wmic OS get FreePhysicalMemory ^|findstr physical') do (
    set /a UsedMem= totalMem - availableMem
    set usedMem!Times!=%%p
    set /A Times+=1
)
set /a usedpercent=(usedMem*100)/totalMem

echo Free MEMORY = %availableMem0% Bytes
echo Total MEMORY = %totalMem0% Bytes
echo Used MEMORY = %UsedMem0% Bytes
echo Memory Utilization = %usedpercent0%%%

pause

3 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分：4)

如果没有必要多次使用setlocal enabledelayedexpansion，则

setlocal只能在批处理文件中使用一次。此命令不仅启用延迟扩展模式。 始终还复制整个当前环境表（最大可达64 MB），命令扩展和延迟扩展的当前状态以及堆栈（内存）上的当前目录路径。堆栈上的此类环境推送次数不是无限制的。至少在它们之间使用endlocal以避免由于堆栈溢出而提前退出批处理。有关详细信息，请参阅以下答案：

即使是64位Windows命令解释器（cmd.exe）也使用32位有符号整数。因此，值范围限制为-2.147.483.648至+2.147.483.647。换句话说，超过2 GB的算术运算无法在没有整数溢出的情况下完成，从而产生错误的结果。

这是一个评论批处理文件，不适用于所有可能安装的RAM配置，但适用于2016年的典型情况：2 GB，4 GB，8 GB，16 GB和32 GB。

@echo off

rem Note: KB = KiB, MB = MiB and GB = GiB in this batch file, see
rem       https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gibibyte for details on GiB.

rem Create a copy of current environment variables. Enabling additionally
rem delayed environment variable expansion is not required for this task.
setlocal

rem The command WMIC with the parameters CPU get loadpercentage outputs
rem one line per processor. The output of WMIC is in UTF-16 LE with BOM.
rem The output is redirected to a temporary file which is printed by
rem command TYPE to STDOUT which makes a better job on UNICODE to ASCII
rem conversion as command FOR. Note: 1 processor can have 1 or more cores.

set "CpuUsage=0"
set "Processors=0"
%SystemRoot%\System32\wbem\wmic.exe CPU get loadpercentage >"%TEMP%\cpu_usage.tmp"
for /F "skip=1" %%P in ('type "%TEMP%\cpu_usage.tmp"') do (
    set /A CpuUsage+=%%P
    set /A Processors+=1
)
del "%TEMP%\cpu_usage.tmp"

rem Calculate the CPU usage as percentage value of all processors.
set /A CpuUsage/=Processors
goto GetTotalMemory

rem Output of WMIC is in UTF-16 LE with BOM. The interpretation of this
rem output in ASCII/OEM can result in processing three lines instead of
rem just two with third line being just a carriage return. Therefore exit
rem each loop after assigning the value of second line to the variable.

:GetTotalMemory
for /F "skip=1" %%M in ('%SystemRoot%\System32\wbem\wmic.exe ComputerSystem get TotalPhysicalMemory') do set "TotalMemory=%%M" & goto GetAvailableMemory
:GetAvailableMemory
for /F "skip=1" %%M in ('%SystemRoot%\System32\wbem\wmic.exe OS get FreePhysicalMemory') do set "AvailableMemory=%%M" & goto ProcessValues

rem Total physical memory is in bytes which can be greater 2^31 (= 2 GB)
rem Windows command processor performs arithmetic operations always with
rem 32-bit signed integer. Therefore more than 2 GB installed physical
rem memory exceeds the bit width of a 32-bit signed integer and arithmetic
rem calculations are wrong on more than 2 GB installed memory. To avoid
rem the integer overflow, the last 6 characters are removed from bytes
rem value and the remaining characters are divided by 1073 to get the
rem number of GB. This workaround works only for physical RAM being
rem an exact multiple of 1 GB, i.e. for 1 GB, 2 GB, 4 GB, 8 GB, ...

rem  1 GB =  1.073.741.824 bytes = 2^30
rem  2 GB =  2.147.483.648 bytes = 2^31
rem  4 GB =  4.294.967.296 bytes = 2^32
rem  8 GB =  8.589.934.592 bytes = 2^33
rem 16 GB = 17.179.869.184 bytes = 2^34
rem 32 GB = 34.359.738.368 bytes = 2^35

rem But there is one more problem at least on Windows XP x86. About 50 MB
rem of RAM is subtracted as used by Windows itself. This can be seen in
rem system settings when 1.95 GB is displayed although 2 GB is installed.
rem Therefore add 50 MB before dividing by 1073.

:ProcessValues
set "TotalMemory=%TotalMemory:~0,-6%"
set /A TotalMemory+=50
set /A TotalMemory/=1073

rem The total memory in GB must be multiplied by 1024 to get the
rem total physical memory in MB which is always small enough to
rem be calculated with a 32-bit signed integer.

set /A TotalMemory*=1024

rem The available memory is in KB and therefore there is
rem no problem with value range of 32-bit signed integer.

set /A AvailableMemory/=1024

rem So the used memory in MB can be determined easily.

set /A UsedMemory=TotalMemory - AvailableMemory

rem It is necessary to calculate the percentage value in MB instead of
rem KB to avoid a 32-bit signed integer overflow on 32 GB RAM and nearly
rem entire RAM is available because used is just a small amount of RAM.

set /A UsedPercent=(UsedMemory * 100) / TotalMemory

if "%Processors%" == "1" (
    set "ProcessorInfo="
) else (
    set "ProcessorInfo= of %Processors% processors"
)
echo CPU percentage: %CpuUsage% %%%ProcessorInfo%
echo Free memory:    %AvailableMemory% MB
echo Total memory:   %TotalMemory% MB
echo Used memory:    %UsedMemory% MB
echo Memory usage:   %UsedPercent% %%

rem Discard the current environment variable table and restore previous
rem environment variables. The states of command processor extension
rem (default: ON) and delayed expansion (default: OFF) as well as the
rem original current directory are restored by this command although
rem not modified at all by the commands above.
endlocal

要了解使用的命令及其工作原理，请打开命令提示符窗口，执行以下命令，并完全阅读为每个命令显示的所有帮助页面。

  • del /?
  • echo /?
  • endlocal /?
  • for /?
  • goto /?
  • rem /?
  • setlocal /?
  • set /?
  • type /?
  • wmic /?
  • wmic CPU get /?
  • wmic OS get /?
  • wmic ComputerSystem get /?

答案 1 :(得分：2)

Win32_ComputerSystem class的

function palindrome(str) { str = str.toLowerCase().replace(/[\W_]/g, "").split(''); var j=str.length-1; for (var i=0; i<str.length/2; i++) { if (str[i]!=str[j]) return false; j--; } return true; } palindrome("race car"); 属性（以字节为单位， uint64 数据类型）超出TotalPhysicalMemory批处理文件整数算术限制（请参阅set command）：它仅限于32位精度（对应于 uint32 数据类型），即cca±2 gibibytes (GiB)。

让我们捕捉Systeminfo command中mebibytes (MiB)的输出：

set /A

因此==> systeminfo | find /I "Physical Memory" Total Physical Memory: 8 137 MB Available Physical Memory: 4 210 MB ==> 应该足够了：32位限制不堪重负。

set /A评论中的解释：

rem

<强>输出：

@ECHO OFF >NUL
SETLOCAL EnableExtensions
echo(---
set "_memo_total="
    rem unfortunately, next command is (supposedly) locale dependent
for /F "tokens=1,* delims=:" %%G in ('
        systeminfo^|find /I "Physical Memory"
                                    ') do (
  set "_memo_inuse="
      rem remove spaces including no-break spaces
  for %%g in (%%H) do if /I NOT "%%g"=="MB" set "_memo_inuse=!_memo_inuse!%%g"
  if defined _memo_total ( set "_memo_avail=!_memo_inuse!" 
                  ) else ( set "_memo_total=!_memo_inuse!" )
  echo !_memo_inuse! [MB] %%G 
)
set /A "_memo_inuse=_memo_total - _memo_avail"
    rem in integer arithmetics: calculate percentage multipled by 100 
set /A "_perc_inuse=10000 * _memo_inuse / _memo_total"
set /A "_perc_avail=10000 * _memo_avail / _memo_total"
    rem debugging: mostly 9999 as `set /A` trucates quotients instead of rounding  
set /A "_perc__suma=_perc_inuse + _perc_avail
echo(---
call :formatpercent _perc_avail
call :formatpercent _perc_inuse
call :formatpercent _perc__suma
    rem display results
set _
ENDLOCAL
goto :eof

:formatpercent
    rem         simulates division by 100

    rem input : variable NAME (i.e. passed by reference)
    rem         it's value could vary from   0 to 10000   format mask ####0  
    rem output: variable VALUE 
    rem             respectively vary from .00 to 100.00  format mask ###.00
if NOT defined %1 goto :eof
SETLOCAL EnableDelayedExpansion
  set "aux5=     !%1!"
  set "aux5=%aux5:~-5%"
      rem repair unacceptable format mask ###.#0 to ###.00
  set "auxx=%aux5:~3,1%
  if "%auxx%"==" " set "aux5=%aux5:~0,3%0%aux5:~4%"
      REM       rem change format mask from ###.00 to common ##0.00
      REM   set "auxx=%aux5:~2,1%
      REM   if "%auxx%"==" " set "aux5=%aux5:~0,2%0%aux5:~3%" 
  set "aux6=%aux5:~0,3%.%aux5:~3%"
ENDLOCAL&set "%1=%aux6%"
goto :eof

准确度，容差（使用==> D:\bat\SO\37338476a.bat --- 8137 [MB] Total Physical Memory 4166 [MB] Available Physical Memory --- _memo_avail=4166 _memo_inuse=3971 _memo_total=8137 _perc_avail= 51.19 _perc_inuse= 48.80 _perc__suma= 99.99 ==> 安装内存测量）：==＆gt;的好

    来自8 GiB class == Capacity=8589934592                的
  • Win32_PhysicalMemory 来自8 GiB class == TotalPhysicalMemory=8531865600    
    • 的
  • Win32_ComputerSystem 来自8136.62 MiB命令== Total Physical Memory:   8 137 MB
    • 的
  • systeminfo

响应时间（8137 MiB比systeminfo慢得多）：==＆gt;的差

答案 2 :(得分：0)

您可以改变输出以满足您的需求：

@if (@X)==(@Y) @end /* JScript comment
    @echo off
    cscript //E:JScript //nologo "%~f0"
    exit /b %errorlevel%

@if (@X)==(@Y) @end JScript comment */

var aBytes=GetObject('winmgmts:').ExecQuery('Select * from Win32_PerfFormattedData_PerfOS_Memory').ItemIndex(0).AvailableBytes;
var tBytes=GetObject('winmgmts:').ExecQuery('Select * from Win32_ComputerSystem').ItemIndex(0).TotalPhysicalMemory;
WScript.Echo("available:"+aBytes+"\ntotal:"+tBytes);
var totalMemoryUsed=(tBytes-aBytes)*100/tBytes;
WScript.Echo("used in % -"+totalMemoryUsed);
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