如何使用SecureRandom生成密钥。 getInstanceStrong()?
使用此代码,我可以接收具有随机值的字节数组。是否有任何简单的方法来生成给定长度的键(例如 256 位),键入( int,String )和格式( hex ,bin,dec)?
package com.company;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
public class KeyGen {
public void generate() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
SecureRandom random = SecureRandom.getInstanceStrong();
byte[] values = new byte[32]; // 256 bit
random.nextBytes(values);
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for (byte b : values) {
sb.append(String.format("%02x", b));
}
System.out.print("Key: ");
System.out.println(sb.toString());
}
}
输出:
Key: 8fcea84897f48f575c22441ece4e7ddb43ac08cd2c1a83fca46c080768468059
答案 0 :(得分:2)
密钥应该是特定类型,例如AES。它们最好保存在SecretKey
实例或类似的Key
派生类中。
现代对称密码的密钥由位组成。通常你不需要它们的人/字符串表示(这实际上可能会损害安全性)。将它们存储在KeyStore
中,或者从密码中导出它们。如果你对它们进行编码,那么表示格式是无关紧要的,只要你在转换过程中没有丢失数据。
这可能是生成强AES密钥的最佳方法:
public class GenerateStrongAESKey {
public static SecretKey generateStrongAESKey(final int keysize) {
final KeyGenerator kgen;
try {
kgen = KeyGenerator.getInstance("AES");
} catch (final NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
throw new RuntimeException("AES key generator should always be available in a Java runtime", e);
}
final SecureRandom rng;
try {
rng = SecureRandom.getInstanceStrong();
} catch (final NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
throw new RuntimeException("No strong secure random available to generate strong AES key", e);
}
// already throws IllegalParameterException for wrong key sizes
kgen.init(keysize, rng);
return kgen.generateKey();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SecretKey strongAESKey = generateStrongAESKey(256);
// well, if you must have a human readable string, here it is
// but you've been warned
System.out.println(toHex(strongAESKey.getEncoded()));
}
private static String toHex(final byte[] data) {
final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(data.length * 2);
for (byte b : data) {
sb.append(String.format("%02X", b));
}
return sb.toString();
}
}
注意:这需要针对密钥的Oracle运行时环境的无限强度管辖文件> 128位。