`std :: pair``second`具有'unordered_map`树的不完整类型

时间:2016-05-14 06:07:32

标签: c++ templates c++14 forward-declaration c++-standard-library

我正在审查我的一些旧代码,我看到代码使用指针来实现Variant个对象的树。它是一棵树,因为每个Variant都可以包含unordered_map Variant*

我查看了代码,并想知道为什么不只是使用值std::vector<Variant>std::unordered_map<std::string, Variant>,而不是Variant*

所以我继续改变它。好像除了一件事,我得到了errors

/usr/local/include/c++/6.1.0/bits/stl_pair.h:153:11: error: 'std::pair<_T1, _T2>::second' has incomplete type
       _T2 second;                /// @c second is a copy of the second object
           ^~~~~~ main.cpp:11:8: note: forward declaration of 'struct Variant'
 struct Variant
        ^~~~~~~

所以我认为我可以欺骗编译器延迟知道该类型的需要,didn't work either

工作不工作! ( MCVE

我认为这比较早,但实际上并没有,我忘记了::type

上的using HideMap...
#include <vector>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <iostream>

template<typename K, typename V>
struct HideMap
{
    using type = std::unordered_map<K, V>;
};

struct Variant
{
    using array_container = std::vector<Variant>;

    // Does not work either
    using object_container = typename HideMap<std::string, Variant>::type;

    // Fails
    //using object_container = std::unordered_map<std::string, Variant>;

private:
    union Union
    {
        std::int64_t vint;
        array_container varr;
        object_container vobj;

        // These are required when there are union
        // members that need construct/destruct
        Union() {}
        ~Union() {}
    };

    Union data;
    bool weak;
};

int main()
{
    Variant v;
    std::cout << "Works" << std::endl;
}

所以,我的问题是,为什么它适用于vector而不是unordered_map

如果问题是无法使用不完整类型,是否有办法延迟unordered_map的实例化?我真的不希望每个对象属性都是单独的new分配。

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

这使用placement new来将Union的初始化推迟到Variant是完整类型的构造函数。您需要reinterpret_cast所需的任何地方Union。我努力不违反任何严格的行为。

#include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <vector>

struct Variant {
    Variant();
    ~Variant();

    private:
    std::aligned_union<0, std::vector<Variant>,
                         std::unordered_map<std::string, void *>,
                         std::int64_t>::type data;
};

namespace Variant_detail {
    using array_container = std::vector<Variant>;
    using object_container = std::unordered_map<std::string, Variant>;

    union Union {
        std::int64_t vint;
        array_container varr;
        object_container vobj;

        // These are required when there are union
        // members that need construct/destruct
        Union() {}
        ~Union() {}
    };
}

Variant::Variant() {
    //make sure that std::unordered_map<std::string, Variant> is not too large
    static_assert(sizeof(std::unordered_map<std::string, Variant>) <=
                      sizeof data, "Variant map too big");
    static_assert(alignof(std::unordered_map<std::string, Variant>) <=
                      alignof(decltype(data)), "Variant map has too high alignment");
    auto &my_union = *new (&data) Variant_detail::Union;
    my_union.vint = 42;
}

Variant::~Variant() {
    reinterpret_cast<Variant_detail::Union &>(data).~Union();
}

int main() {
    Variant v;
    std::cout << "Works" << std::endl;
}