使用SmartPointer在列表中出现错误EXC_BAD_ACCESS

时间:2016-05-13 17:29:51

标签: c++ macos qt memory-leaks smart-pointers

当我从列表中删除元素时,我遇到了这个问题。

这里是我的list.h:

class AwesomeList {
friend class Iteratore;
private:
class Nodo;

class SmartPointer {
public:
    Nodo* punt;

    SmartPointer(Nodo* n = 0): punt(n) {}
    SmartPointer(const SmartPointer& ptr): punt(ptr.punt) {}
    ~SmartPointer() {
        delete punt;
    }

    SmartPointer& operator=(const SmartPointer& ptr) {
        if (this != &ptr) {
            delete punt;
            punt = ptr.punt;
        }
        return *this;
    }
    bool operator==(const SmartPointer& ptr) const {
        return ptr.punt == punt;
    }
    bool operator!=(const SmartPointer& ptr) const {
        return ptr.punt != punt;
    }
    Nodo* operator->() const {
        return punt;
    }
    Nodo& operator*() const {
        return *punt;
    }
};

class Nodo {
public:
    T* value;
    SmartPointer next;

    Nodo(T* t = T(), const SmartPointer& ptr = SmartPointer()): value(t), next(ptr) {}
};

SmartPointer head;
SmartPointer tail;

public:
class Iteratore{
    friend class AwesomeList;
private:
    AwesomeList::SmartPointer punt;
public:
    bool operator==(const Iteratore& it) const {
        return it.punt == punt;
    }
    bool operator!=(const Iteratore& it) const {
        return it.punt != punt;
    }
    Iteratore& operator++() {
        if(punt != 0) punt = punt->next;
        return *this;
    }
    Iteratore& operator++(int) {
        if(punt != 0) punt = punt->next;
        return *this;
    }
    T* operator*() const {
        if (punt != 0) return punt->value;
    }
};

AwesomeList(const SmartPointer& ptr = 0): head(ptr), tail(0) {
    if (head != 0) {
        SmartPointer p = head;
        while (p != 0)
            p = p->next;
        tail = p;
    }
}
AwesomeList(const AwesomeList& list): head(list.head), tail(list.tail) {}

AwesomeList& operator=(const AwesomeList& list) {
    head = list.head;
    tail = list.tail;
}

int getSize() const {
    int count = 0;
    SmartPointer p = head;
    while (p != 0) {
        p = p->next;
        count++;
    }
    return count;
}
bool isEmpty() const {
    return getSize() == 0;
}
T* at(int pos) const {
    if (pos > -1 && pos < getSize()) {
        SmartPointer p = head;
        while (pos--) {
            p = p->next;
        }
        return p->value;
    } else return 0;
}
void add(const T& t) {
    if (head == 0) {
        head = SmartPointer(new Nodo(&(const_cast<T&>(t))));
        tail = head;
    } else {
        tail->next = SmartPointer(new Nodo(&(const_cast<T&>(t))));
        tail = tail->next;
    }
}
void remove(int pos) {
    if (pos > -1 && pos < getSize()) {
        SmartPointer newHead = head;
        SmartPointer p = newHead;
        head = 0;
        while (pos--) {
            add(*p->value);
            p = p->next;
        }
        p = p->next;
        while (p != 0) {
            add(*p->value);
            p = p->next;
        }
    }
}
void replace(int pos, T* t) {
    if (pos > -1 && pos < getSize()) {
        SmartPointer p = head;
        while (pos--)
            p = p->next;
        p->value = t;
    }
}
void replace(int pos, const T& t) {
    if (pos > -1 && pos < getSize()) {
        SmartPointer p = head;
        while (pos--)
            p = p->next;
        T& t_obj = const_cast<T&>(t);
        p->value = &t_obj;
    }
}

Iteratore begin() const {
    Iteratore it;
    it.punt = head;
    return it;
}
Iteratore end() const {
    Iteratore it;
    it.punt = 0;
    return it;
}
T* operator[](const Iteratore& it) const {
    return it.punt->value;
}
};

这是我做的测试:

AwesomeList<int> list = AwesomeList<int>();
list.add(1);
list.add(2);
list.add(3);
for (int i = 0; i < list.getSize(); i++)
    qDebug() <<*(list.at(i)) <<" ";

list.remove(-1);
for (int i = 0; i < list.getSize(); i++)
    qDebug() <<*(list.at(i)) <<" ";

list.remove(2);
for (int i = 0; i < list.getSize(); i++)
    qDebug() <<*(list.at(i)) <<" ";

list.replace(0, 5);
qDebug() <<"Replace in posizione 0";
auto cit = list.begin();
for (; cit != list.end(); cit++)
    qDebug() <<*(*cit) <<" ";

qDebug() <<"Size";
qDebug() <<list.getSize() <<endl;

这是出现错误的行:

  • AwesomeList :: Nodo :: ~Nodo()+ 16(awesomelist.h:8)
  • AwesomeList :: SmartPointer :: ~SmartPointer()+ 42(awesomelist.h:21)
  • AwesomeList :: SmartPointer :: ~SmartPointer()+ 21(awesomelist.h:22)

任何帮助都表示赞赏。谢谢!

更新

我解决了改变SmartPointer和Nodo类的问题:

SmartPointer(Nodo* n = 0): punt(n) {
        if (punt) punt->references++;
    }
    SmartPointer(const SmartPointer& ptr): punt(ptr.punt) {
        if (punt) punt->references++;
    }
    ~SmartPointer() {
        if (punt) {
            punt->references--;
            if (punt->references == 0) delete punt;
        }
    }

    SmartPointer& operator=(const SmartPointer& ptr) {
        if (this != &ptr) {
            Nodo* n = punt;
            punt = ptr.punt;
            if (punt) punt->references++;
            if (n) {
                n->references--;
                if (n->references == 0) delete n;
            }
        }
        return *this;
    }
    bool operator==(const SmartPointer& ptr) const {
        return ptr.punt == punt;
    }
    bool operator!=(const SmartPointer& ptr) const {
        return ptr.punt != punt;
    }
    Nodo* operator->() const {
        return punt;
    }
    Nodo& operator*() const {
        return *punt;
    }
};

class Nodo {
public:
    T* value;
    SmartPointer next;
    int references;

    Nodo(T* t = T(), const SmartPointer& ptr = SmartPointer()): value(t), next(ptr), references(0) {}
};

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

很抱歉,但我不明白你SmartPointer课程的比例。

它带有一个指向Nododelete的指针与构造函数。好。

但是,如果我没有错误

(1)当您使用复制构造函数创建SmartPointer时,从复制的SmartPointer复制指针,这样您就有两个具有相同值的punt的对象;当你销毁这两个对象时,你会在同一个指针上调用delete两次;这会导致程序崩溃

(2)当您致电operator=时,您的复制构造函数存在同样的问题,而且,您不会删除旧的指向值

例如,请查看add()

    head = SmartPointer(new Nodo(&(const_cast<T&>(t))));
    tail = head;

您创建了一个临时SmartPointer对象,使用new Nodo(&(const_cast<T&>(t)))初始化它。接下来,在head中复制此临时对象,因此head和临时对象都携带相同的非空指针。现在临时对象被销毁,因此punt指向的内存被删除,但head(他的punt)继续指向被删除的内存区域。现在,您在head中复制tail,同时指向同一个已删除区域的headtail

看看其他案例

    tail->next = SmartPointer(new Nodo(&(const_cast<T&>(t))));
    tail = tail->next;

在这种情况下,tail->next(并将take指向已删除区域的计数)从删除它的临时对象接收指针。因此,您在删除区域中写入一个立即删除的指针。

我希望很清楚这一切是多么危险。

建议:重新设计SmartPointer课程。

p.s:抱歉我的英语不好。