Question

我在尝试从MySQL数据库中自动执行表时遇到错误。错误是：

UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode character u'\xe9' in position 7: ordinal not in range(128)

当我制作一个：

时会发生此错误

Base.prepare(engine, reflect=True)

我的数据库位于utf8_bin。

这是我与数据库的引擎连接：

engine = create_engine("mysql://User:passwd@127.0.0.1:3308/db?charset=utf8", encoding="utf-8", echo=True)

这是错误的完整堆栈跟踪：

 2016-05-12 15:57:39,497 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'sql_mode'
 2016-05-12 15:57:39,497 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine ()
 2016-05-12 15:57:39,511 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine SELECT DATABASE()
 2016-05-12 15:57:39,511 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine ()
 2016-05-12 15:57:39,537 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine show collation where `Charset` = 'utf8' and `Collation` = 'utf8_bin'
 2016-05-12 15:57:39,538 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine ()
 2016-05-12 15:57:39,552 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine SELECT CAST('test plain returns' AS CHAR(60)) AS anon_1
 2016-05-12 15:57:39,552 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine ()
 2016-05-12 15:57:39,566 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine SELECT CAST('test unicode returns' AS CHAR(60)) AS anon_1
 2016-05-12 15:57:39,566 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine ()
 2016-05-12 15:57:39,580 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine SELECT CAST('test collated returns' AS CHAR CHARACTER SET utf8) COLLATE utf8_bin AS anon_1
 2016-05-12 15:57:39,580 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine ()
 2016-05-12 15:57:39,620 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine SHOW FULL TABLES FROM `GesCo`
 2016-05-12 15:57:39,620 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine ()
 2016-05-12 15:57:39,652 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine SHOW CREATE TABLE `Client`
 2016-05-12 15:57:39,652 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine ()
 2016-05-12 15:57:39,670 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine SHOW CREATE      TABLE `ClientContact`
 2016-05-12 15:57:39,670 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine ()
 2016-05-12 15:57:39,686 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine SHOW CREATE TABLE `Dossier`
 2016-05-12 15:57:39,686 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine ()
 2016-05-12 15:57:39,705 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine SHOW CREATE TABLE `RDV`
 2016-05-12 15:57:39,705 INFO sqlalchemy.engine.base.Engine ()
 Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "./api.py", line 29, in <module>
          Base.prepare(engine, reflect=True)
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/sqlalchemy/ext/automap.py", line 788, in prepare
     map_config.map()
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/sqlalchemy/ext/declarative/base.py", line 592, in map
     return super(_DeferredMapperConfig, self).map()
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/sqlalchemy/ext/declarative/base.py", line 529, in map
     **self.mapper_args
   File "<string>", line 2, in mapper
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/mapper.py", line 627, in __init__
     self._configure_properties()
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/mapper.py", line 1318, in _configure_properties
     setparent=True)
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/mapper.py", line 1607, in _configure_property
     prop.instrument_class(self)
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/properties.py", line 182, in instrument_class
     doc=self.doc
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/attributes.py", line 1489, in register_descriptor
     manager.instrument_attribute(key, descriptor)
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/instrumentation.py", line 215, in instrument_attribute
     self.install_descriptor(key, inst)
   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/instrumentation.py", line 269, in install_descriptor
     setattr(self.class_, key, inst)
 UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode character u'\xe9' in position 7: ordinal not in range(128)`

提前感谢您提供的任何帮助

编辑：

更改了mysql中的所有charset变量和collations变量，它仍会产生相同的错误：

mysql> show variables like 'collation%';
+----------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name        | Value           |
+----------------------+-----------------+
| collation_connection | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_database   | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_server     | utf8_general_ci |
+----------------------+-----------------+

mysql> show variables like 'character\_set\_%';
+--------------------------+--------+
| Variable_name            | Value  |
+--------------------------+--------+
| character_set_client     | utf8   |
| character_set_connection | utf8   |
| character_set_database   | utf8   |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results    | utf8   |
| character_set_server     | utf8   |
| character_set_system     | utf8   |
+--------------------------+--------+

Answer 1

您是否尝试将character_set_client等MySQL变量设置为utf-8？您可能希望在MySQL中运行以下查询并将所有值设置为utf-8：

mysql> show variables like 'character\_set\_%';

您还可以尝试将utf8_general_ci之类的某些utf-8排序规则设置为输出中的变量：

mysql> show variables like 'collation%';

Answer 2

看起来您的列名称中包含é，而SQLAlchemy正在尝试将其用作模型类的属性名称，但Python 2仅允许使用ASCII属性名称。

您需要explicitly define this particular class更改名称：

Base = automap_base()

class RDV(Base):
    __tablename__ = "RDV"

    ...
    accepted = Column("accepté", Boolean, ...)

Python与SQLAlchemy enconding错误

2 个答案: