Question

如何在CX_EduDegree=???????之后仅提取字符串，并用空格替换%20。数据用空格分隔，永远不会处于相同的位置。

我尝试将patindex与substring一起使用并替换。但我没有成功。

select top 5 clientid, extFields
from tblSYS_Clients
where ExtFields like '%CX_Edu%'
and ClientID in ('1633496','1633692','1453977','1657410','1584563','1655341','1632686','1352611','1484271','1361354')

clientid    extFields
1352611 CX_CurrentJobStartDate=01/20/2001  CX_CurrentJobHours=40  CX_SupervisorName=Rhonda%20Kaiser  CX_EduDegree=BS%20in%20Nursing  CX_SupervisorPhone=970-495-8100
1361354 CX_CurrentJobStartDate=06/20/1997  CX_CurrentJobHours=30  CX_SupervisorName=Georgia%20Chapin  CX_SupervisorPhone=702-616-5632  CX_EduDegree=MS/MA%20%20in%20Nursing
1453977 CX_CurrentJobStartDate=08/20/1990  CX_CurrentJobHours=40  CX_SupervisorName=Jan%20Rasco  CX_SupervisorPhone=281-631-8789  CX_EduDegree=Diploma
1484271 CX_CurrentJobStartDate=01/01/2011  CX_CurrentJobHours=40  CX_SupervisorName=Kay%20Hix  CX_SupervisorPhone=317-329-7209  CX_EduDegree=AD%20in%20Nursing
1584563 CX_CurrentJobStartDate=11/26/2006  CX_CurrentJobHours=40  CX_SupervisorName=PHILLIP%20MOISUK  CX_SupervisorPhone=916-453-4545  CX_EduDegree=BS%20in%20Nursing

结果我想看：

1633496 BS in Nursing 
1633692 BS in Nursing 
1453977 Diploma 
1657410 AD in Nursing 
1584563 BS in Nursing 
1655341 AD in Nursing 
1632686 BS in Nursing 
1352611 BS in Nursing 
1484271 AD in Nursing 
1361354 MS/MA in Nursing

Answer 1

SQL Server中的字符串操作有点麻烦。我喜欢使用outer apply：

select c.clientid, c.extFields, x2.x2
from tblSYS_Clients c outer apply
     (select stuff(c.ExtFields, 1, charindex('CX_edu', c.ExtFields), '') as x1
     ) x outer apply
     (select replace(left(x.x1, charindex(' ', x1)), '%20', ' ') as x2
     ) x2
where c.ExtFields like '%CX_Edu%' and
      c.ClientID in ('1633496', '1633692', '1453977', '1657410', '1584563', '1655341', '1632686', '1352611', '1484271', '1361354') ;

注意：我认为以上都可行。 SQL Server不保证在where子查询之前处理outer apply。在实践中，我认为它确实如此，因此过滤完成，保证子串在ExtFields。如果没有，可以使用case轻松修复，但这会使答案复杂化。

Answer 2

使用file1 = open(path,'r+') filedata1 = file1.read() file1.close() newdata1 = filedata1.replace("abcd","efgh") file1 = open(path,"w") file1.write(newdata1) file1.close()，charindex和reverse的组合。如果substring始终出现在字符串的末尾，则此功能将起作用。

Demo with sample data

CX_EduDegree=

Answer 3

使用这种结构：

select clientid, replace(SUBSTRING(extFields,
   PATINDEX('%CX_EduDegree=%',extFields)+13,
      charindex(' ', extFields+' ',
          PATINDEX('%CX_EduDegree=%',extFields)) - 
             PATINDEX('%CX_EduDegree=%',extFields) - 13),'%20',' ') ex 
from  
(values 
(1352611, 'CX_CurrentJobStartDate=01/20/2001  CX_CurrentJobHours=40  CX_SupervisorName=Rhonda%20Kaiser  CX_EduDegree=BS%20in%20Nursing  CX_SupervisorPhone=970-495-8100'), 
(1361354, 'CX_CurrentJobStartDate=06/20/1997  CX_CurrentJobHours=30  CX_SupervisorName=Georgia%20Chapin  CX_SupervisorPhone=702-616-5632  CX_EduDegree=MS/MA%20%20in%20Nursing'), 
(1453977, 'CX_CurrentJobStartDate=08/20/1990  CX_CurrentJobHours=40  CX_SupervisorName=Jan%20Rasco  CX_SupervisorPhone=281-631-8789  CX_EduDegree=Diploma'), 
(1484271, 'CX_CurrentJobStartDate=01/01/2011  CX_CurrentJobHours=40  CX_SupervisorName=Kay%20Hix  CX_SupervisorPhone=317-329-7209  CX_EduDegree=AD%20in%20Nursing'), 
(1584563, 'CX_CurrentJobStartDate=11/26/2006  CX_CurrentJobHours=40  CX_SupervisorName=PHILLIP%20MOISUK  CX_SupervisorPhone=916-453-4545  CX_EduDegree=BS%20in%20Nursing') 
) t(clientid,    extFields)

结果：

clientid    ex
1352611 BS in Nursing
1361354 MS/MA  in Nursing
1453977 Diploma
1484271 AD in Nursing
1584563 BS in Nursing

代码中的一些注释可以更好地理解。如您所见charindex也有效。结果是一样的。

select clientid, 
replace(
SUBSTRING(extFields,--string to work with
   charindex('CX_EduDegree=',extFields)+13, --start position; 13 is length of CX_EduDegree=
      charindex(' ', extFields+' ', --searching end position +' ' to make sure that space exists
          charindex('CX_EduDegree=',extFields) -- start searching ' ' after this position
          ) --end position found
             - charindex('CX_EduDegree=',extFields) - 13) -- calculate length
             ,'%20',' ') ex --final touch - remove ugly %20 
from  
(values 
(1352611, 'CX_CurrentJobStartDate=01/20/2001  CX_CurrentJobHours=40  CX_SupervisorName=Rhonda%20Kaiser  CX_EduDegree=BS%20in%20Nursing  CX_SupervisorPhone=970-495-8100'), 
(1361354, 'CX_CurrentJobStartDate=06/20/1997  CX_CurrentJobHours=30  CX_SupervisorName=Georgia%20Chapin  CX_SupervisorPhone=702-616-5632  CX_EduDegree=MS/MA%20%20in%20Nursing'), 
(1453977, 'CX_CurrentJobStartDate=08/20/1990  CX_CurrentJobHours=40  CX_SupervisorName=Jan%20Rasco  CX_SupervisorPhone=281-631-8789  CX_EduDegree=Diploma'), 
(1484271, 'CX_CurrentJobStartDate=01/01/2011  CX_CurrentJobHours=40  CX_SupervisorName=Kay%20Hix  CX_SupervisorPhone=317-329-7209  CX_EduDegree=AD%20in%20Nursing'), 
(1584563, 'CX_CurrentJobStartDate=11/26/2006  CX_CurrentJobHours=40  CX_SupervisorName=PHILLIP%20MOISUK  CX_SupervisorPhone=916-453-4545  CX_EduDegree=BS%20in%20Nursing') 
) t(clientid,    extFields)

您觉得这个解决方案可以接受吗？

Answer 4

使用XML数据类型

的一种方法

SELECT  clientid,
        REPLACE(t.cx.value('(r/@CX_EduDegree)[1]', 'varchar(100)'),'%20',' ') AS degree
FROM    (
    SELECT  clientid, 
            CAST('<r ' + REPLACE(REPLACE(extFields,'=','="') , '  ','"/><r ') + '"></r>') AS XML) cx
    FROM    tblSYS_Clients
    WHERE   clientid in ('1633496','1633692','1453977','1657410','1584563','1655341','1632686','1352611','1484271','1361354') 
) t

与字符串操作查询相比，xml非常慢。

您可以做的另一件事是使用字符串拆分器，就像其中一个HERE

这是一个使用Jeff Moden的DelimitedSplit8K函数的例子。

SELECT  t1.clientid,
        REPLACE(t2.Item,'CX_EduDegree=','')
FROM    tblSYS_Clients t1
        CROSS APPLY (
            SELECT REPLACE(t.Item, '%20', ' ') Item 
            FROM dbo.DelimitedSplit8K(t1.extFields, '  ') t 
            WHERE t.Item LIKE 'CX_EduDegree%' 
        ) t2
WHERE   clientid in ('1633496','1633692','1453977','1657410','1584563','1655341','1632686','1352611','1484271','1361354')

仍然没有这里的其他一些快，但可能更容易理解或允许您更容易让其他字段。

如何在模式字符串之前仅提取数据

4 个答案: