Hibernate 5：按注释映射不起作用并抛出MappingException（未知实体）

Question

我已经检查了问题的解决方案，但它没有帮助。

我正在练习Spring + Hibernate。以前我通过.xml文件映射实体。但现在我试着通过注释来做到这一点，因为它看起来更舒服。但不幸的是，我得到了

Unknown entity: milkiv.easyword.models.UserRole; nested exception is org.hibernate.MappingException: Unknown entity: milkiv.easyword.models.UserRole 

所以我有下一个模型文件：

package milkiv.easyword.models;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Objects;
import javax.persistence.*;
import javax.validation.constraints.Size;
import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.NotBlank;

@Entity (name = "UserRole")
@Table(name = "user_role")
public class UserRole implements Serializable{
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
    @Column(name = "role_id", updatable = false, unique = true)
    private int roleId;

    @NotBlank(message = "Email field can not be empty or missed.")
    @Size(min = 3, max = 59, message = "Email field must have from 5 to 128 symbols.")
    @Column(name = "name", nullable = false, unique = true)
    private String name;

    public UserRole() {
    }

    public int getRoleId() {
    return roleId;
    }

    public void setRoleId(int roleId) {
    this.roleId = roleId;
    }

    public String getName() {
    return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
    //INFO: SPRING REQUIRE NAME ROLES IN FORMAT - ROLE_rolename
    this.name = "ROLE_".concat(name);
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
    return (name.hashCode()*31+roleId)*31;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
    if (this == obj) {
        return true;
    }
    if (obj == null) {
        return false;
    }
    if (getClass() != obj.getClass()) {
        return false;
    }
    final UserRole other = (UserRole) obj;
    if (this.roleId != other.roleId) {
        return false;
    }
    return Objects.equals(this.name, other.name);
    }
}

我的 spring-context.xml 文件：

<beans 
    xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:security="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/security http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security-3.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc">

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    <property name="prefix">
        <value>/views/</value>
    </property>
    <property name="suffix">
        <value>.jsp</value>
    </property>
    </bean>

    <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
    //added when tried to resolve the problem.
    <property name="packagesToScan" value="milkiv.easyword.models.UserRole"/>
    <property name="configLocations">
        <value>classpath:resources/hibernate.cfg.xml</value>
    </property>
    </bean>

    <bean class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTemplate">
    <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>
    </bean>

    <bean id="validator" class="org.springframework.validation.beanvalidation.LocalValidatorFactoryBean"/>   

    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTransactionManager">
    <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>
    </bean>

    <mvc:resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/"/>
    <context:annotation-config/>
    <context:component-scan base-package="milkiv.easyword"/>
    <tx:annotation-driven/>
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
</beans>

hibernate配置文件 hibernate.cfg.xml ：

<hibernate-configuration>
  <session-factory>
    <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
   <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
   <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost/myurl</property>
    <property name="hibernate.connection.username">username</property>
    <property name="hibernate.connection.password">password</property>
    <property name="hibernate.default_schema">easywordweb</property>-->
    <property name="hibernate.connection.provider_class">org.hibernate.connection.C3P0ConnectionProvider</property>
    <property name="hibernate.c3p0.min_size">5</property>
    <property name="hibernate.c3p0.max_size">20</property>
    <property name="hibernate.c3p0.timeout">300</property>
    <property name="hibernate.c3p0.max_statements">50</property>
    <property name="hibernate.temp.use_jdbc_metadata_defaults">false</property>
    <mapping resource="resources/milkiv/easyword/models/User.hbm.xml"/>
    <mapping resource="resources/milkiv/easyword/models/UserSessions.hbm.xml"/>
    <mapping resource="resources/milkiv/easyword/models/Language.hbm.xml"/>
    <!--<mapping class="milkiv.easyword.models.UserRole"/>-->
  </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

但是当我尝试在UnitTest中调用UserRoleManager（UserRoleManager implements UserRoleDAO<UserRole>）中的任何函数时，我有下一个例外：

org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateSystemException: Unknown entity: milkiv.easyword.models.UserRole; nested exception is org.hibernate.MappingException: Unknown entity: milkiv.easyword.models.UserRole
    at org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.SessionFactoryUtils.convertHibernateAccessException(SessionFactoryUtils.java:219)
    at org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTemplate.doExecute(HibernateTemplate.java:344)
    at org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTemplate.executeWithNativeSession(HibernateTemplate.java:309)
    at org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTemplate.save(HibernateTemplate.java:616)
    at milkiv.easyword.managers.UserRoleManager.create(UserRoleManager.java:37)
    at milkiv.easyword.managers.UserRoleManager$$FastClassBySpringCGLIB$$a48099a0.invoke(<generated>)
    at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invoke(MethodProxy.java:204)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$CglibMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(CglibAopProxy.java:717)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:157)
    at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor$1.proceedWithInvocation(TransactionInterceptor.java:99)
    at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.invokeWithinTransaction(TransactionAspectSupport.java:281)
    at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:96)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(CglibAopProxy.java:653)
    at milkiv.easyword.managers.UserRoleManager$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$2bdb1f79.create(<generated>)
    at milkiv.easyword.managers.UserRoleManager$$FastClassBySpringCGLIB$$a48099a0.invoke(<generated>)
    at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invoke(MethodProxy.java:204)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$CglibMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(CglibAopProxy.java:717)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:157)
    at org.springframework.aop.support.DelegatingIntroductionInterceptor.doProceed(DelegatingIntroductionInterceptor.java:133)
    at org.springframework.aop.support.DelegatingIntroductionInterceptor.invoke(DelegatingIntroductionInterceptor.java:121)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(CglibAopProxy.java:653)
    at milkiv.easyword.managers.UserRoleManager$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$5c468ebb.create(<generated>)
    at milkiv.easyword.managers.UserRoleManagerTest.createTest(UserRoleManagerTest.java:60)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:44)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:41)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:20)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:28)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:263)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:69)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:48)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:231)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:60)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:229)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:50)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:222)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:31)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:292)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.execute(JUnit4Provider.java:242)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.executeTestSet(JUnit4Provider.java:137)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.invoke(JUnit4Provider.java:112)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.util.ReflectionUtils.invokeMethodWithArray(ReflectionUtils.java:189)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ProviderFactory$ProviderProxy.invoke(ProviderFactory.java:165)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ProviderFactory.invokeProvider(ProviderFactory.java:85)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.runSuitesInProcess(ForkedBooter.java:115)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.main(ForkedBooter.java:75)
Caused by: org.hibernate.MappingException: Unknown entity: milkiv.easyword.models.UserRole
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionFactoryImpl.getEntityPersister(SessionFactoryImpl.java:776)
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.getEntityPersister(SessionImpl.java:1451)
    at org.hibernate.event.internal.AbstractSaveEventListener.saveWithGeneratedId(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:100)
    at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultSaveOrUpdateEventListener.saveWithGeneratedOrRequestedId(DefaultSaveOrUpdateEventListener.java:192)
    at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultSaveEventListener.saveWithGeneratedOrRequestedId(DefaultSaveEventListener.java:38)
    at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultSaveOrUpdateEventListener.entityIsTransient(DefaultSaveOrUpdateEventListener.java:177)
    at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultSaveEventListener.performSaveOrUpdate(DefaultSaveEventListener.java:32)
    at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultSaveOrUpdateEventListener.onSaveOrUpdate(DefaultSaveOrUpdateEventListener.java:73)
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.fireSave(SessionImpl.java:678)
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.save(SessionImpl.java:670)
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.save(SessionImpl.java:665)
    at org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTemplate$12.doInHibernate(HibernateTemplate.java:620)
    at org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTemplate$12.doInHibernate(HibernateTemplate.java:616)
    at org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTemplate.doExecute(HibernateTemplate.java:341)
    ... 54 more
milkiv.easyword.managers.UserRoleManagerTest  Time elapsed: 0.531 sec  <<< ERROR!
org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateQueryException: UserRole is not mapped [from UserRole where name = :name]; nested exception is org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.QuerySyntaxException: UserRole is not mapped [from UserRole where name = :name]
    at org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.SessionFactoryUtils.convertHibernateAccessException(SessionFactoryUtils.java:176)
    at org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTemplate.doExecute(HibernateTemplate.java:344)
    at org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTemplate.executeWithNativeSession(HibernateTemplate.java:309)
    at org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTemplate.findByNamedParam(HibernateTemplate.java:892)
    at org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTemplate.findByNamedParam(HibernateTemplate.java:882)
    at milkiv.easyword.managers.UserRoleManager.readByName(UserRoleManager.java:30)
    at milkiv.easyword.managers.UserRoleManager$$FastClassBySpringCGLIB$$a48099a0.invoke(<generated>)
    at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invoke(MethodProxy.java:204)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(CglibAopProxy.java:649)
    at milkiv.easyword.managers.UserRoleManager$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$2bdb1f79.readByName(<generated>)
    at milkiv.easyword.managers.UserRoleManager$$FastClassBySpringCGLIB$$a48099a0.invoke(<generated>)
    at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invoke(MethodProxy.java:204)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$CglibMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(CglibAopProxy.java:717)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:157)
    at org.springframework.aop.support.DelegatingIntroductionInterceptor.doProceed(DelegatingIntroductionInterceptor.java:133)
    at org.springframework.aop.support.DelegatingIntroductionInterceptor.invoke(DelegatingIntroductionInterceptor.java:121)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(CglibAopProxy.java:653)
    at milkiv.easyword.managers.UserRoleManager$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$5c468ebb.readByName(<generated>)
    at milkiv.easyword.managers.UserRoleManagerTest.EraseTestData(UserRoleManagerTest.java:139)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:44)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:41)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:37)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:292)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.execute(JUnit4Provider.java:242)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.executeTestSet(JUnit4Provider.java:137)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.invoke(JUnit4Provider.java:112)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.util.ReflectionUtils.invokeMethodWithArray(ReflectionUtils.java:189)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ProviderFactory$ProviderProxy.invoke(ProviderFactory.java:165)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ProviderFactory.invokeProvider(ProviderFactory.java:85)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.runSuitesInProcess(ForkedBooter.java:115)
    at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.main(ForkedBooter.java:75)
Caused by: org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.QuerySyntaxException: UserRole is not mapped [from UserRole where name = :name]
    at org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.QuerySyntaxException.generateQueryException(QuerySyntaxException.java:79)
    at org.hibernate.QueryException.wrapWithQueryString(QueryException.java:103)
    at org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.QueryTranslatorImpl.doCompile(QueryTranslatorImpl.java:218)
    at org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.QueryTranslatorImpl.compile(QueryTranslatorImpl.java:142)
    at org.hibernate.engine.query.spi.HQLQueryPlan.<init>(HQLQueryPlan.java:115)
    at org.hibernate.engine.query.spi.HQLQueryPlan.<init>(HQLQueryPlan.java:76)
    at org.hibernate.engine.query.spi.QueryPlanCache.getHQLQueryPlan(QueryPlanCache.java:150)
    at org.hibernate.internal.AbstractSessionImpl.getHQLQueryPlan(AbstractSessionImpl.java:298)
    at org.hibernate.internal.AbstractSessionImpl.createQuery(AbstractSessionImpl.java:236)
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.createQuery(SessionImpl.java:1825)
    at org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTemplate$30.doInHibernate(HibernateTemplate.java:895)
    at org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTemplate$30.doInHibernate(HibernateTemplate.java:892)
    at org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTemplate.doExecute(HibernateTemplate.java:341)
    ... 39 more
Caused by: org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.QuerySyntaxException: UserRole is not mapped
    at org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.util.SessionFactoryHelper.requireClassPersister(SessionFactoryHelper.java:171)
    at org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.tree.FromElementFactory.addFromElement(FromElementFactory.java:91)
    at org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.tree.FromClause.addFromElement(FromClause.java:76)
    at org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.HqlSqlWalker.createFromElement(HqlSqlWalker.java:321)
    at org.hibernate.hql.internal.antlr.HqlSqlBaseWalker.fromElement(HqlSqlBaseWalker.java:3678)
    at org.hibernate.hql.internal.antlr.HqlSqlBaseWalker.fromElementList(HqlSqlBaseWalker.java:3567)
    at org.hibernate.hql.internal.antlr.HqlSqlBaseWalker.fromClause(HqlSqlBaseWalker.java:708)
    at org.hibernate.hql.internal.antlr.HqlSqlBaseWalker.query(HqlSqlBaseWalker.java:564)
    at org.hibernate.hql.internal.antlr.HqlSqlBaseWalker.selectStatement(HqlSqlBaseWalker.java:301)
    at org.hibernate.hql.internal.antlr.HqlSqlBaseWalker.statement(HqlSqlBaseWalker.java:249)
    at org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.QueryTranslatorImpl.analyze(QueryTranslatorImpl.java:262)
    at org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.QueryTranslatorImpl.doCompile(QueryTranslatorImpl.java:190)
    ... 49 more

信息很明确，但其原因 - 没有。 如果有人有任何想法，请帮助我吗？我将不胜感激任何帮助。 提前谢谢。

编辑：我使用的是Hibernate 5.0.1.Final版本。

编辑：试过这个。对我来说也不起作用：

<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
    <property name="annotatedClasses">
        <list>
        <value>milkiv.easyword.models</value>
        </list>
    </property>
    <property name="configLocations">
        <value>classpath:resources/hibernate.cfg.xml</value>
    </property>
</bean>

Answer 1

Hibernate不知道你的注释类，你需要告诉hibernate它在会话工厂xml中的这个属性：

<mapping package="milkiv.easyword.models"/>

或直接上课：

<mapping class="milkiv.easyword.models.UserRole"/>

查看docs。