Question

我需要转换为在SQL Server下工作的访问查询：

TRANSFORM Sum([T_Leads]![OrderType]='New Order')-1 & " / " & Sum([T_Leads]![OrderType]='Change Order')-1 
AS [New / Change]   
SELECT Employees.EmployeeName as Name, Count(T_Leads.OrderType) AS Total
FROM Employees INNER JOIN T_Leads ON Employees.EmployeeID = T_Leads.EmployeeID
WHERE (((T_Leads.Date)>Date()-7))
and [Employees.LeadRotation] <> "Inactive"
GROUP BY Employees.EmployeeName
ORDER BY T_Leads.Date
PIVOT T_Leads.Date;

输出显示当前正在接受潜在客户的员工列表（他们不是＆＃34;非活动＆＃34;）。对于列标题，显示前七天的日期（如果当天提交了潜在客户），并在每个日期下显示两个总计。一个是收到的新订单总数，另一个是变更订单总数。我找不到任何生成日期列并显示两个值的示例在每一栏下。

Access查询当前在GridView中生成如下输出：

+-------------+-------+----------+----------+----------+----------+-----------+
| Name        | Total | 4/5/2016 | 4/6/2016 | 4/7/2016 | 4/8/2016 | 4/11/2016 |  
+-------------+-------+----------+----------+----------+----------+-----------+
| Doe, Jane   |  9    | 0/1      | 0/2      | 0/3      | /        | 0/3       |
+-------------+-------+----------+----------+----------+----------+-----------+
| Guy, Some   | 4     | 0/1      | 0/1      | /        | /        | 0/2       | 
+-------------+-------+----------+----------+----------+----------+-----------+
| Doe, John   | 10    | 0/1      | 1/1      | 2/1      | 0/3      | 0/1       |

示例数据：

| EmployeeID  | Customer         | Date       | OrderType|
+-------------+------------------+------------+----------+
| 1           | Fake Customer    | 2016-05-14 | New      | 
+-------------+------------------+------------+----------+
| 2           | Some Company     | 2016-05-13 | Change   | 
+-------------+------------------+------------+----------+
| 3           | Stuff Inc.       | 2016-05-14 | New      | 
+-------------+------------------+------------+----------+
| 3           | Cool Things      | 2016-05-12 | Change   |

Answer 1

您需要动态生成透视列，然后为每个透视列执行case语句。以下是如何执行此操作的示例：

IF OBJECT_ID('tmpEmployees_Test', 'U') IS NOT NULL DROP TABLE tmpEmployees_Test;
CREATE TABLE tmpEmployees_Test (EmployeeID INT, EmployeeName VARCHAR(255));
INSERT tmpEmployees_Test (EmployeeID, EmployeeName)
VALUES (1, 'Doe, Jane'), (2, 'Doe, John'), (3, 'Guy, Some');

IF OBJECT_ID('tmpOrders_Test', 'U') IS NOT NULL DROP TABLE tmpOrders_Test;
CREATE TABLE tmpOrders_Test (EmployeeID INT, Customer VARCHAR(255), Date DATE, OrderType VARCHAR(255));
INSERT tmpOrders_Test (EmployeeID, Customer, Date, OrderType)
VALUES (1, 'Fake Customer', '2016-05-14', 'New')
        , (2, 'Some Company', '2016-05-13', 'Change')
        , (3, 'Stuff Inc.', '2016-05-14', 'New')
        , (3, 'Cool Things', '2016-05-12', 'Change')
        , (3, 'Amazing Things', '2016-05-12', 'Change');

DECLARE @startDate DATE = '2016-05-14', @cols VARCHAR(MAX) = '', @cols2 VARCHAR(MAX) = '';

SELECT @cols += ', CONVERT(VARCHAR(255), SUM(CASE WHEN O.Date = ''' + CONVERT(VARCHAR(255), DATEADD(DD, X.Y, @startDate)) + ''' AND O.OrderType = ''New'' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)) + ''/'' + CONVERT(VARCHAR(255), SUM(CASE WHEN O.Date = ''' + CONVERT(VARCHAR(255), DATEADD(DD, X.Y, @startDate)) + ''' AND O.OrderType = ''Change'' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)) ' + QUOTENAME(CONVERT(VARCHAR(255), DATEADD(DD, X.Y, @startDate), 103)) + CHAR(10) + CHAR(9) + CHAR(9)
        , @cols2 += ', CASE WHEN ' + QUOTENAME(CONVERT(VARCHAR(255), DATEADD(DD, X.Y, @startDate), 103)) + ' = ''0/0'' THEN ''/'' ELSE ' + QUOTENAME(CONVERT(VARCHAR(255), DATEADD(DD, X.Y, @startDate), 103))  + ' END ' + QUOTENAME(CONVERT(VARCHAR(255), DATEADD(DD, X.Y, @startDate), 103)) + CHAR(10) + CHAR(9)
FROM (VALUES (0),(-1),(-2),(-3),(-4),(-5),(-6)) X(Y)
JOIN tmpOrders_Test O ON O.Date = DATEADD(DD, X.Y, @startDate)
GROUP BY X.Y
ORDER BY X.Y;

DECLARE @SQL VARCHAR(MAX) = '
WITH T AS (
    SELECT E.EmployeeID
        , COUNT(*) Total
        ' + @cols + '
    FROM tmpEmployees_Test E
    JOIN tmpOrders_Test O ON O.EmployeeID = E.EmployeeID
    WHERE O.Date BETWEEN ''' + CONVERT(VARCHAR(255), DATEADD(dd, -6, @startDate)) + ''' AND ''' + CONVERT(VARCHAR(255), @startDate) + '''
    GROUP BY E.EmployeeID)
SELECT E.EmployeeName
    , Total
    ' + @cols2 + '
FROM T
JOIN tmpEmployees_Test E ON E.EmployeeID = T.EmployeeID;'

--PRINT @SQL;
EXEC(@SQL);

这反映了你期望的输出（据我所知），即使它看起来有点乱。不过，我不认为你可以产生你想要的输出而不会有点混乱。

注意：动态SQL中的CTE只是为了摆脱所有'0/0'并使它们'/'，这似乎是最简单的方法。

Answer 2

目前，您的交叉表不易直接进行数据透视转换，因为您有两个条件聚合，然后连接成字符串值。另外，您有一个聚合小组数。

在TSQL中，此查询会有点错综复杂。考虑以下方法，使用两个使用CAST连接在一起的派生表数据集聚合查询。

来源 （临时表 - 谢谢@ZLK）

CREATE TABLE #tmpOrders (EmployeeID INT, Customer VARCHAR(255), 
                         Date DATE, OrderType VARCHAR(255));
INSERT #tmpOrders (EmployeeID, Customer, Date, OrderType)
VALUES (1, 'Fake Customer', '2016-05-14', 'New'),
       (2, 'Some Company', '2016-05-13', 'Change'),
       (3, 'Stuff Inc.', '2016-05-14', 'New'),
       (3, 'Cool Things', '2016-05-12', 'Change'),
       (3, 'Amazing Things', '2016-05-12', 'Change');

查询 （两个支点的内部联接）

SELECT pvt1.Name, pvt1.Total,
       CAST(pvt1.[2016-05-12] AS VARCHAR(2)) + '/' 
            +  CAST(pvt2.[2016-05-12] AS VARCHAR(2)) As [05/12/2016], 
       CAST(pvt1.[2016-05-13] AS VARCHAR(2)) + '/' 
            +  CAST(pvt2.[2016-05-13] AS VARCHAR(2)) As [05/13/2016], 
       CAST(pvt1.[2016-05-14] AS VARCHAR(2)) + '/' 
            +  CAST(pvt2.[2016-05-14] AS VARCHAR(2)) As [05/14/2016]        
FROM     
    (SELECT t.Customer as Name, t.[Date],
            COUNT(*) As Total, 
            SUM(CASE WHEN t.OrderType = 'New' THEN 1 ELSE NULL END) AS NewOrders

      FROM #tmpOrders t
      WHERE (t.[Date] > GETDATE()-7)    
      GROUP BY t.Customer, t.[Date]) AS src1     
      PIVOT 
          (
            COUNT(src1.[NewOrders]) 
            FOR src1.[Date] IN ([2016-05-12], [2016-05-13], [2016-05-14])
          ) AS pvt1

INNER JOIN 
    (SELECT t.Customer as Name, t.[Date],
            COUNT(*) As Total, 
            SUM(CASE WHEN t.OrderType = 'Change' THEN 1 ELSE NULL END) AS ChangeOrders
      FROM #tmpOrders t
      WHERE (t.[Date] > GETDATE()-7)    
      GROUP BY t.Customer, t.[Date]) AS src1     
      PIVOT 
          (
            COUNT(src1.[ChangeOrders]) 
            FOR src1.[Date] IN ([2016-05-12], [2016-05-13], [2016-05-14])
          ) AS pvt2        
ON pvt1.Name = pvt2.Name

<强>输出

--Name          Total   05/12/2016  05/13/2016  05/14/2016
--Amazing Things    1         0/1          0/0         0/0
--Cool Things       1         0/1          0/0         0/0
--Fake Customer     1         0/0          0/0         1/0
--Some Company      1         0/0          0/1         0/0
--Stuff Inc.        1         0/0          0/0         1/0

请注意：您在翻译中丢失的一件事是Access'交叉表查询的动态质量，它将输出所有现有值（直到255列限制）。在SQL Server中，对于常规枢轴，您需要提前声明这些值，或使用存储过程/函数动态返回所有值。

Answer 3

IF OBJECT_ID('tmpEmployees_Test', 'U') IS NOT NULL DROP TABLE tmpEmployees_Test;
CREATE TABLE tmpEmployees_Test (EmployeeID INT, EmployeeName VARCHAR(255));
INSERT tmpEmployees_Test (EmployeeID, EmployeeName)
VALUES (1, 'Doe, Jane'), (2, 'Doe, John'), (3, 'Guy, Some');


IF OBJECT_ID('tmpOrders_Test', 'U') IS NOT NULL DROP TABLE tmpOrders_Test;
CREATE TABLE tmpOrders_Test (EmployeeID INT, Customer VARCHAR(255), Date DATE, OrderType VARCHAR(255));
INSERT tmpOrders_Test (EmployeeID, Customer, Date, OrderType)
VALUES (1, 'Fake Customer', '2016-05-14', 'New')
        , (2, 'Some Company', '2016-05-13', 'Change')
        , (3, 'Stuff Inc.', '2016-05-14', 'New')
        , (3, 'Cool Things', '2016-05-12', 'Change')
        , (3, 'Amazing Things', '2016-05-12', 'Change');


DECLARE @columns NVARCHAR(MAX), @sql NVARCHAR(MAX);
SET @columns = N'';
SELECT @columns += N', p.' + QUOTENAME(Name) 
  FROM (SELECT distinct CONVERT(nvarchar(30) , p.Date , 101) as Name FROM dbo.tmpOrders_Test AS p where [Date] > GETDATE()-7
  ) AS x;
-- Kept it for formatting Purpose
DECLARE @columns1 NVARCHAR(MAX)
SET @columns1 = N'';
SELECT @columns1 += N', ISNULL(p.' + QUOTENAME(Name) + ',''/'') AS ' + QUOTENAME(Name) 
  FROM (SELECT distinct CONVERT(nvarchar(30) , p.Date , 101) as Name FROM dbo.tmpOrders_Test AS p where [Date] > GETDATE()-7
  ) AS x;


SET @sql = N'
SELECT EmployeeName, Count(*) as Total  ' +  @columns1  + '
FROM
(
    SELECT  EmployeeID, EmployeeName' + ''+ @columns1 + '' + '
    FROM
    (
      SELECT    o.employeeID,EmployeeName, CAST(COUNT(case WHEN OrderType = ''New'' then 1  end) as varchar(5)) + ''/'' + 
                CAST(COUNT(case WHEN OrderType = ''Change'' then 1  end) as varchar(5)) as OrderType, CONVERT(nvarchar(30) , p.Date , 101) as Date
       FROM     dbo.tmpOrders_Test AS p
                    INNER JOIN dbo.tmpEmployees_Test AS o
                     ON p.EmployeeID = o.EmployeeID
       GROUP BY EmployeeName, Date, o.employeeID
    ) AS j
    PIVOT
    (
      Max(OrderType) FOR Date IN ('
      + STUFF(REPLACE(@columns, ', p.[', ',['), 1, 1, '')
      + ')
    ) AS p) as p JOIN tmpOrders_Test as m on p.employeeID = m.employeeID
where [Date] > GETDATE()-7
GROUP BY EmployeeName ' + @columns + '
';

PRINT @sql;
EXEC sp_executesql @sql;

这个是使用动态Pivot。您可能希望在Application或Reporting Side上执行此业务逻辑，而不是复杂的sql。

将Access Crosstab / PIVOT查询转换为T-SQL

3 个答案: