Question

我是一名大学生，我的任务是为航空公司创建一个小型数据库。我不喜欢＆＃39;我认为我的语法已关闭，但在表创建/测试数据插入中出现问题。我使用的是Oracle DBMS和SQL语法。我不是在寻找任何人为我编写代码，但我时间非常紧张，需要明确指出我做错了什么。我是SQL的新手。

Here是我在Github Gist上的代码的链接。我将主动更新其他报告/修改。

Here是我输出的链接。

这是我的代码。

--TODO: delete reports ??? I don't know if I have to
--TODO: delete views ??? I don't know if I have to

--TODO: enter spool, pagesize and etc. on command line

--Drop tables.
DROP TABLE CITY;
DROP TABLE AIRPORT;
DROP TABLE FLIGHT_ROUTE;
DROP TABLE AIRCRAFT_MODEL;
DROP TABLE AIRCRAFT;
DROP TABLE CUSTOMER;
DROP TABLE FLIGHT;
DROP TABLE RESERVATIONS;
COMMIT;

--
--Create Tables
--
CREATE TABLE CITY (
  CITY# NUMBER(3) NOT NULL,
  CITY VARCHAR(32) NOT NULL,
  STATE CHAR(2) CONSTRAINT CK_state CHECK(STATE IN('AL','AK','AS','AZ','AR','CA','CO','CT','DE','DC','FL','GA','GU','HI','ID','IL','IN','IN','IA','KS','KY','LA','ME','MD','MH','MA','MI','FM','MN','MS','MO','MT','NE','NV','NH','NJ','NM','NY','NC','ND','MP','OH','OK','OR','PW','PA','PR','RI','SC','SD','TN','TX','UT','VT','VA','VI','WA','WV','WI','WY'))NOT NULL,
  CONSTRAINT PK_city_city#_state PRIMARY KEY (CITY#, STATE)
);

CREATE TABLE AIRPORT (
  AIRPORT# CHAR(3) UNIQUE NOT NULL ,
  AIRPORT_NAME VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
  CITY# NUMBER(3) NOT NULL,
  CONSTRAINT PK_airport_airport# PRIMARY KEY (AIRPORT#),
  CONSTRAINT FK_airport_city# FOREIGN KEY (CITY#) REFERENCES CITY(CITY#)
);

CREATE TABLE FLIGHT_ROUTE (
  FLIGHT# NUMBER(3) UNIQUE NOT NULL,
  D_AIRPORT NUMBER (3) NOT NULL,
  A_AIRPORT NUMBER (3) NOT NULL,
  Time_Of_Departure NUMBER (4) NOT NULL,
  Time_Of_Arrival NUMBER (4) NOT NULL,
  CONSTRAINT PK_flightRoute_flightNum PRIMARY KEY (FLIGHT#),
  CONSTRAINT FK_flightRoute_depApt FOREIGN KEY (D_AIRPORT) REFERENCES AIRPORT(AIRPORT#),
  CONSTRAINT FK_flightRoute_arrApt FOREIGN KEY (A_AIRPORT) REFERENCES AIRPORT(AIRPORT#),
  CONSTRAINT CK_depTime CHECK (DEP_TIME BETWEEN ('0000') AND ('2400')),
  CONSTRAINT CK_arrTime CHECK (ARR_TIME BETWEEN ('0000') AND ('2400'))
);

CREATE TABLE AIRCRAFT_MODEL (
  MODEL# VARCHAR(5) UNIQUE NOT NULL,
  DESCRIPTION VARCHAR(32),
  CAPACITY NUMBER(3),
  RANGE NUMBER (4),
  CONSTRAINT PK_aircraftModel_model# PRIMARY KEY (MODEL#)
);

CREATE TABLE AIRCRAFT (
  SERIAL# VARCHAR(7) UNIQUE NOT NULL,
  MODEL# VARCHAR(5) NOT NULL,
  CONSTRAINT PK_aircraft_serial# PRIMARY KEY (SERIAL#),
  CONSTRAINT FK_aircraftModel_model# FOREIGN KEY (MODEL#) REFERENCES AIRCRAFT_MODEL(MODEL#)
);

CREATE TABLE CUSTOMER (
  CUSTOMER# NUMBER(4) UNIQUE NOT NULL,
  CUSTOMER_NAME VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
  CONSTRAINT PK_customer_customer# PRIMARY KEY (CUSTOMER#)
);

CREATE TABLE FLIGHT (
  FLIGHT# NUMBER(3) NOT NULL ,
  SERIAL# VARCHAR(8),
  FLIGHT_DATE DATE NOT NULL ,
  CONSTRAINT PK_flight_flight#_serial#_flight_date PRIMARY KEY (FLIGHT#,SERIAL#,FLIGHT_DATE),
  CONSTRAINT FK_flight_flight# FOREIGN KEY (FLIGHT#) REFERENCES FLIGHT_ROUTE(FLIGHT#),
  CONSTRAINT FK_flight_serial# FOREIGN KEY (SERIAL#) REFERENCES AIRCRAFT(SERIAL#)
);

CREATE TABLE RESERVATIONS (
  CUSTOMER# NUMBER(4) NOT NULL,
  FLIGHT# NUMBER(3) NOT NULL,
  FLIGHT_DATE DATE NOT NULL,
  QTY_RESERVED_SEATS NUMBER(3),
  CONSTRAINT PK_reservations_customer#_flight#_flightDate PRIMARY KEY (CUSTOMER#,FLIGHT#,FLIGHT_DATE),
  CONSTRAINT FK_reservations_customer# FOREIGN KEY (CUSTOMER#) REFERENCES CUSTOMER(CUSTOMER#),
  CONSTRAINT FK_reservations_flight# FOREIGN KEY (FLIGHT#) REFERENCES FLIGHT(FLIGHT#),
  CONSTRAINT FK_reservations_flightDate FOREIGN KEY (FLIGHT_DATE) REFERENCES FLIGHT(FLIGHT_DATE)
);
COMMIT;

--
--Describing all tables.
--

DESC CUSTOMER;
DESC AIRCRAFT_MODEL;
DESC AIRCRAFT;
DESC CITY;
DESC AIRPORT;
DESC FLIGHT_ROUTE;
DESC FLIGHT;
DESC RESERVATIONS;

--
--Inserting data into tables.
--
INSERT INTO CUSTOMER VALUES ('1001','Ford');
INSERT INTO CUSTOMER VALUES ('1004','Pfeiffer');
INSERT INTO CUSTOMER VALUES ('1055','Harris');
INSERT INTO CUSTOMER VALUES ('1058','Codd');
INSERT INTO CUSTOMER VALUES ('1077','Nelson');
INSERT INTO CUSTOMER VALUES ('1080','Cassatt');
INSERT INTO CUSTOMER VALUES ('1100','Streep');
INSERT INTO CUSTOMER VALUES ('1155','Lechowick');
INSERT INTO CUSTOMER VALUES ('1158','Hilbert');

INSERT INTO AIRCRAFT_MODEL VALUES ('BO727','5-seat, 2-engine jet','110','1800');
INSERT INTO AIRCRAFT_MODEL VALUES ('DC9','6-seat, prop w/jet','168','2800');
INSERT INTO AIRCRAFT_MODEL VALUES ('BO737','6-seat, 2-engine jet','174','2500');
INSERT INTO AIRCRAFT_MODEL VALUES ('BO747','10-seat, 4-engine jet','300','3500');

INSERT INTO AIRCRAFT VALUES ('T100-001','BO727');
INSERT INTO AIRCRAFT VALUES ('T100-004','DC9');
INSERT INTO AIRCRAFT VALUES ('T100-007','BO737');
INSERT INTO AIRCRAFT VALUES ('T200-002','BO747');
INSERT INTO AIRCRAFT VALUES ('T200-004','DC9');
INSERT INTO AIRCRAFT VALUES ('T300-005','BO737');
INSERT INTO AIRCRAFT VALUES ('T300-009','BO727');

INSERT INTO CITY VALUES ('025','Austin','TX');
INSERT INTO CITY VALUES ('052','Houston','TX');
INSERT INTO CITY VALUES ('520','Chicago','IL');
INSERT INTO CITY VALUES ('380','Memphis','TN');

INSERT INTO AIRPORT VALUES ('AUS','Austin Municpl. Airport','025');
INSERT INTO AIRPORT VALUES ('HOU','Houston Internat. Airport', '052');
INSERT INTO AIRPORT VALUES ('MEM', 'Memphis Internat. Airport', '520');
INSERT INTO AIRPORT VALUES ('ORD', 'Chicago Internat. Airport', '380');

INSERT INTO FLIGHT_ROUTE VALUES ('110','025','380','0800','0935');
INSERT INTO FLIGHT_ROUTE VALUES ('181','052','520','0830','1130');
INSERT INTO FLIGHT_ROUTE VALUES ('285','025','052','0800','0845');
INSERT INTO FLIGHT_ROUTE VALUES ('333','520','052','1700','2000');
INSERT INTO FLIGHT_ROUTE VALUES ('359','052','025','2130','2215');
INSERT INTO FLIGHT_ROUTE VALUES ('887','380','520','1045','1215');
INSERT INTO FLIGHT_ROUTE VALUES ('899','380','025','1400','1545');
INSERT INTO FLIGHT_ROUTE VALUES ('950','520','380','1300','1500');

INSERT INTO FLIGHT VALUES ('110','T100-001','7/12/2000');
INSERT INTO FLIGHT VALUES ('181','T200-002','7/12/2000');
INSERT INTO FLIGHT VALUES ('285','T100-007','7/12/2000');
INSERT INTO FLIGHT VALUES ('333','T200-002','7/12/2000');
INSERT INTO FLIGHT VALUES ('887','T200-004','7/12/2000');
INSERT INTO FLIGHT VALUES ('899','T300-009','7/12/2000');

INSERT INTO FLIGHT VALUES ('110','T100-001','7/13/2000');
INSERT INTO FLIGHT VALUES ('181','T200-002','7/13/2000');
INSERT INTO FLIGHT VALUES ('285','T300-005','7/13/2000');
INSERT INTO FLIGHT VALUES ('333','T200-002','7/13/2000');
INSERT INTO FLIGHT VALUES ('887','','7/13/2000');
INSERT INTO FLIGHT VALUES ('899','T100-001','7/13/2000');
INSERT INTO FLIGHT VALUES ('950','T100-007','7/13/2000');

INSERT INTO FLIGHT VALUES ('110','T100-001','7/14/2000');
INSERT INTO FLIGHT VALUES ('285','T300-005','7/14/2000');
INSERT INTO FLIGHT VALUES ('359','','7/14/2000');
INSERT INTO FLIGHT VALUES ('899','T300-009','7/14/2000');

INSERT INTO RESERVATIONS VALUES ('1004','110','7/12/2000','');
INSERT INTO RESERVATIONS VALUES ('1077','110','7/12/2000','');
INSERT INTO RESERVATIONS VALUES ('1158','110','7/12/2000','');
INSERT INTO RESERVATIONS VALUES ('1001','181','7/13/2000','');
INSERT INTO RESERVATIONS VALUES ('1080','333','7/13/2000','');
INSERT INTO RESERVATIONS VALUES ('1055','359','7/13/2000','');
INSERT INTO RESERVATIONS VALUES ('1155','359','7/13/2000','');
INSERT INTO RESERVATIONS VALUES ('1100','899','7/14/2000','');
INSERT INTO RESERVATIONS VALUES ('1158','899','7/13/2000','');
INSERT INTO RESERVATIONS VALUES ('1004','899','7/14/2000','');
INSERT INTO RESERVATIONS VALUES ('1058','899','7/14/2000','');
INSERT INTO RESERVATIONS VALUES ('1058','950','7/13/2000','');

COMMIT;

SELECT * FROM CUSTOMER;
SELECT * FROM RESERVATIONS;
SELECT * FROM FLIGHT;
SELECT * FROM AIRCRAFT;
SELECT * FROM AIRCRAFT_MODEL;
SELECT * FROM FLIGHT_ROUTE;
SELECT * FROM AIRPORT;
SELECT * FROM CITY;

--[X](1) report #1
CREATE VIEW Report#1(Serial#, Model#, Description, Capacity#, Range#) AS
  SELECT AIRCRAFT.SERIAL#, AIRCRAFT.MODEL#, AIRCRAFT_MODEL.DESCRIPTION, AIRCRAFT_MODEL.CAPACITY, AIRCRAFT_MODEL.RANGE
  FROM AIRCRAFT, AIRCRAFT_MODEL
    WHERE AIRCRAFT.MODEL# = AIRCRAFT_MODEL.MODEL#;

CLEAR COLUMNS
CLEAR COMPUTES
CLEAR BREAKS
TTITLE OFF

SELECT * FROM Report#1
  ORDER BY AIRCRAFT.SERIAL#;

COLUMN Serial# HEADING 'Serial#' FORMAT A18
COLUMN Model# HEADING 'Type' FORMAT A18
COLUMN Description HEADING 'Description' FORMAT A18
COLUMN Capacity# HEADING 'Capacity' FORMAT A18
COLUMN Range# HEADING 'Range' FORMAT A18

BREAK ON Report#1
COMPUTE SUM LABEL 'Number of Aircraft' OF AIRCRAFT.SERIAL# ON Report#1.SERIAL#
COMPUTE SUM LABEL 'Total Capacity' OF AIRCRAFT_MODEL.CAPACITY ON Report#1.CAPACITY 
COMPUTE AVG LABEL 'Average Capacity' OF AIRCRAFT_MODEL.RANGE ON Report#1.RANGE

Answer 1

一个问题是机场表有一个只引用CITY＃的城市外键。问题是CITY中的主键是CITY＃和STATE

CONSTRAINT FK_airport_city# FOREIGN KEY (CITY#) REFERENCES CITY(CITY#)

将CITY＃作为CITY的主键，因为我没有看到复合键的用例。如在

CONSTRAINT PK_city_city#_state PRIMARY KEY (CITY#)

我发现使用＃符号不是通常的做法。我会使用CITY_ID。你对CITY的约束是不灵活的。如果你在美国境外做生意怎么办？最好在ID

上有一个Prov_State ID，VALUE和外键表

在AIRCRAFT_MODEL中，您将MODEL＃设为唯一，然后将其设为主键。跳过唯一，因为它是主键所暗示的。你最好将一个数字作为代理主键，因为我认为你不能保证飞机上永远不会有重复的型号。

当您声明将来构建NUMBER类型时。现在，当您的客户编号为10000时，您运气不好，必须使列号更大。如果你对所有NUMBER（例如NUMBER（9））的精度都很满意，那么生活会更容易。模板代码更容易，记住任何数字可以获得的大小更容易，并且不会以显着的方式影响性能或空间。

SQL表创建/插入有问题

1 个答案: