根据the Citus documentation,使用单列分发表格很容易:
SELECT master_create_distributed_table('github_events', 'created_at', 'append');
有没有办法使用多列分发表?例如,像:
SELECT master_create_distributed_table('github_events', 'user_id,site_id', 'append');
答案 0 :(得分:5)
Citus不支持按多列分发。但是,您可以创建复合类型partition your data by that composite type。
- 如果链接失效,下面会内联链接内容 -
在master和所有工作节点上创建类型:
CREATE TYPE new_composite_type as (project_key text, date text);
创建用于检查相等性的函数,并将其与新类型的等于运算符
相关联CREATE FUNCTION equal_test_composite_type_function(new_composite_type, new_composite_type) RETURNS boolean
AS 'select $1.project_key = $2.project_key AND $1.date = $2.date;'
LANGUAGE SQL
IMMUTABLE
RETURNS NULL ON NULL INPUT;
-- ... use that function to create a custom equality operator...
CREATE OPERATOR = (
LEFTARG = new_composite_type,
RIGHTARG = new_composite_type,
PROCEDURE = equal_test_composite_type_function,
HASHES
);
创建一个新的哈希函数。
注意:这只是一个简单的例子,可能无法提供良好的均匀哈希分布。有几个好的散列函数的例子可以在一个单独的C函数而不是SQL中实现。
CREATE FUNCTION new_composite_type_hash(new_composite_type) RETURNS int
AS 'SELECT hashtext( ($1.project_key || $1.date)::text);'
LANGUAGE SQL
IMMUTABLE
RETURNS NULL ON NULL INPUT;
为BTREE和HASH访问方法定义运算符类:
CREATE OPERATOR CLASS new_op_fam_btree_class
DEFAULT FOR TYPE new_composite_type USING BTREE AS
OPERATOR 3 = (new_composite_type, new_composite_type);
CREATE OPERATOR CLASS new_op_fam_hash_class
DEFAULT FOR TYPE new_composite_type USING HASH AS
OPERATOR 1 = (new_composite_type, new_composite_type),
FUNCTION 1 new_composite_type_hash(new_composite_type);
使用新类型创建表并进行分发。
CREATE TABLE composite_type_partitioned_table
(
id integer,
composite_column new_composite_type
);
SELECT master_create_distributed_table('composite_type_partitioned_table','composite_column', 'hash');
SELECT master_create_worker_shards('composite_type_partitioned_table', 4, 1);
运行INSERT&SELECT和SELECT。请注意,正确的修剪将需要引用,如这些查询中所示。
INSERT INTO composite_type_partitioned_table VALUES (1, '("key1","20160101")'::new_composite_type);
INSERT INTO composite_type_partitioned_table VALUES (2, '("key1","20160102")'::new_composite_type);
INSERT INTO composite_type_partitioned_table VALUES (3, '("key2","20160101")'::new_composite_type);
INSERT INTO composite_type_partitioned_table VALUES (4, '("key2","20160102")'::new_composite_type);
SELECT * FROM composite_type_partitioned_table WHERE composite_column = '("key1", "20160101")'::new_composite_type;
UPDATE composite_type_partitioned_table SET id = 6 WHERE composite_column = '("key2", "20160101")'::new_composite_type;
SELECT * FROM composite_type_partitioned_table WHERE composite_column = '("key2", "20160101")'::new_composite_type;
要注意两个注意事项:
必须正确分隔输入文件以允许copy_to_distributed_table工作。为此,请将普通表中的COPY (SELECT ()::composite_type_field, .... );
用于文件,然后加载。
要修剪以使用选择查询,复合类型字段应使用引号。