我的目标是创建一个随机的国家/地区生成器,并将显示所选国家/地区的标志。但是,如果图像文件大于标签的预定大小,则仅显示部分图像。有没有办法调整图像大小以适应标签? (我所看到的所有其他问题都得到了解答,提到了PIL或Image模块。我对它们进行了测试,他们都提出了这个错误:
追踪(最近一次通话): 文件" C:\ python \ country.py",第6行,in 进口PIL ImportError:没有名为' PIL'
的模块这是我的代码,如果它有帮助:
import tkinter
from tkinter import *
import random
flags = ['England','Wales','Scotland','Northern Ireland','Republic of Ireland']
def newcountry():
country = random.choice(flags)
flagLabel.config(text=country)
if country == "England":
flagpicture.config(image=England)
elif country == "Wales":
flagpicture.config(image=Wales)
elif country == "Scotland":
flagpicture.config(image=Scotland)
elif country == "Northern Ireland":
flagpicture.config(image=NorthernIreland)
else:
flagpicture.config(image=Ireland)
root = tkinter.Tk()
root.title("Country Generator")
England = tkinter.PhotoImage(file="england.gif")
Wales = tkinter.PhotoImage(file="wales.gif")
Scotland = tkinter.PhotoImage(file="scotland.gif")
NorthernIreland = tkinter.PhotoImage(file="northern ireland.gif")
Ireland = tkinter.PhotoImage(file="republic of ireland.gif")
blackscreen = tkinter.PhotoImage(file="black screen.gif")
flagLabel = tkinter.Label(root, text="",font=('Helvetica',40))
flagLabel.pack()
flagpicture = tkinter.Label(root,image=blackscreen,height=150,width=150)
flagpicture.pack()
newflagButton = tkinter.Button(text="Next Country",command=newcountry)
newflagButton.pack()
除了仅显示图像的一部分外,代码完美无缺。有没有办法在代码本身内调整图像大小?(我使用的是Python 3.5.1)
答案 0 :(得分:1)
如果您没有安装PIL,首先需要安装
pip install pillow
安装完成后,您现在可以从PIL导入:
from PIL import Image, ImageTk
Tk的PhotoImage只能显示.gif,而PIL的ImageTk会让我们在tkinter中显示各种图像格式,而PIL的Image类有一个resize
方法可以用来调整图像大小。
我把你的代码修剪了一些。
您可以调整图像大小,然后只需配置标签,标签就会扩展为图像的大小。如果您为标签指定了特定的高度和宽度,请说出height=1
和width=1
,并将图像的大小调整为500x500,然后配置小部件。它仍会显示1x1标签,因为您已明确设置这些属性。
在下面的代码中,修改了dict,在迭代时修改dict是不可行的。 dict.items()返回dict的副本。
有各种各样的方法可以做到这一点,我只是说这里的字典很方便。
Link to an image that's over the height / width limit - kitty.gif
from tkinter import *
import random
from PIL import Image, ImageTk
WIDTH, HEIGHT = 150, 150
flags = {
'England': 'england.gif',
'Wales': 'wales.gif',
'Kitty': 'kitty.gif'
}
def batch_resize():
for k, v in flags.items():
v = Image.open(v).resize((WIDTH, HEIGHT), Image.ANTIALIAS)
flags[k] = ImageTk.PhotoImage(v)
def newcountry():
country = random.choice(list(flags.keys()))
image = flags[country]
flagLabel['text'] = country
flagpicture.config(image=image)
if __name__ == '__main__':
root = Tk()
root.configure(bg='black')
batch_resize()
flagLabel = Label(root, text="", bg='black', fg='cyan', font=('Helvetica',40))
flagLabel.pack()
flagpicture = Label(root)
flagpicture.pack()
newflagButton = Button(root, text="Next Country", command=newcountry)
newflagButton.pack()
root.mainloop()
答案 1 :(得分:1)
我们不是随机选择一个国家来显示其国旗,而是循环浏览按键排序的国旗字典。与将不可避免地重复标记的随机选择不同,此方案以字母顺序遍历各个国家。同时,我们根据根窗口的宽度和高度乘以比例因子,将所有图像调整为固定的像素大小。下面是代码:
import tkinter as tk
from PIL import Image, ImageTk
class Flags:
def __init__(self, flags):
self.flags = flags
self.keyList = sorted(self.flags.keys()) # sorted(flags)
self.length = len(self.keyList)
self.index = 0
def resize(self, xy, scale):
xy = [int(x * y) for (x, y) in zip(xy, scale)]
for k, v in self.flags.items():
v = Image.open(r'C:/Users/user/Downloads/' + v)
v = v.resize((xy[0], xy[1]), Image.ANTIALIAS)
self.flags[k] = ImageTk.PhotoImage(v)
def newCountry(self, lbl_flag, lbl_pic):
country = self.keyList[self.index]
lbl_flag["text"] = country
img = self.flags[country]
lbl_pic.config(image = img)
self.index = (self.index + 1) % self.length # loop around the flags dictionary
def rootSize(root):
# Find the size of the root window
root.update_idletasks()
width = int(root.winfo_width() * 1.5) # 200 * m
height = int(root.winfo_height() * 1.0) # 200 * m
return width, height
def centerWsize(root, wh):
root.title("Grids layout manager")
width, height = wh
# Find the (x,y) to position it in the center of the screen
x = int((root.winfo_screenwidth() / 2) - width/2)
y = int((root.winfo_screenheight() / 2) - height/2)
root.geometry("{}x{}+{}+{}".format(width, height, x, y))
if __name__ == "__main__":
flags = {
"Republic of China": "taiwan_flag.png",
"United States of America": "america_flag.gif",
"America": "america_flag.png",
}
root = tk.Tk()
wh = rootSize(root)
centerWsize(root, wh)
frame = tk.Frame(root, borderwidth=5, relief=tk.GROOVE)
frame.grid(column=0, row=0, rowspan=3)
flag = Flags(flags)
zoom = (0.7, 0.6) # Resizing all the flags to a fixed size of wh * zoom
flag.resize(wh, zoom)
lbl_flag = tk.Label(frame, text = "Country name here", bg = 'white', fg = 'magenta', font = ('Helvetica', 12), width = 30)
lbl_flag.grid(column = 0, row = 0)
pic_flag = tk.Label(frame, text = "Country flag will display here")
pic_flag.grid(column = 0, row = 1)
btn_flag = tk.Button(frame, text = "Click for next Country Flag",
bg = "white", fg = "green", command = lambda : flag.newCountry(lbl_flag, pic_flag))
btn_flag.grid(column = 0, row = 2)
root.mainloop()