Question

我有以下格式的数据，并希望以第二种格式输出。我已尝试在数据上进行自我加入，并通过id，时间和事件进行分组，但我尝试过的任何内容似乎都无法正常工作。

EV-2的时间是开始时间，EV-5的时间是结束时间。 EV-5时间可以写为每个EV-2-EV-5事件的结束时间。

感谢您对此事的任何指导。

ID  TIME                        EVENT
1   2016-03-21 12:30:00.000     EV-1    
1   2016-03-21 12:30:30.000     EV-2
1   2016-03-21 12:33:00.000     EV-3
1   2016-03-21 12:33:00.000     EV-4
1   2016-03-21 12:33:45.000     EV-5
1   2016-03-21 12:33:50.000     EV-1    
1   2016-03-21 12:33:55.000     EV-2
1   2016-03-21 12:35:15.000     EV-3
1   2016-03-21 12:35:15.000     EV-4
1   2016-03-21 12:40:20.000     EV-5
2   2016-03-21 12:40:50.000     EV-1    
2   2016-03-21 12:41:25.000     EV-2
2   2016-03-21 12:41:25.000     EV-3
2   2016-03-21 12:42:13.000     EV-4
2   2016-03-21 12:47:35.000     EV-5

Output
ID  TIME(startTime)             EVENT   endTime
1   2016-03-21 12:30:00.000     EV-1    
1   2016-03-21 12:30:30.000     EV-2    2016-03-21 12:33:45.000
1   2016-03-21 12:33:00.000     EV-3    2016-03-21 12:33:45.000
1   2016-03-21 12:33:00.000     EV-4    2016-03-21 12:33:45.000
1   2016-03-21 12:33:45.000     EV-5    2016-03-21 12:33:45.000
1   2016-03-21 12:33:50.000     EV-1    
1   2016-03-21 12:33:55.000     EV-2    2016-03-21 12:40:20.000
1   2016-03-21 12:35:15.000     EV-3    2016-03-21 12:40:20.000
1   2016-03-21 12:35:15.000     EV-4    2016-03-21 12:40:20.000
1   2016-03-21 12:40:20.000     EV-5    2016-03-21 12:40:20.000
2   2016-03-21 12:40:50.000     EV-1    
2   2016-03-21 12:41:25.000     EV-2    2016-03-21 12:47:35.000
2   2016-03-21 12:41:25.000     EV-3    2016-03-21 12:47:35.000
2   2016-03-21 12:42:13.000     EV-4    2016-03-21 12:47:35.000
2   2016-03-21 12:47:35.000     EV-5    2016-03-21 12:47:35.000

我尝试了什么：

select d.ID, d.TIME, d.EVENT, max(dd.TIME) endTime
from dataTable d
  inner join dataTable dd on d.ID = dd.ID and d.EVENT = dd.EVENT and d.TIME < dd.TIME
group by d.ID, d.TIME, d.EVENT

Answer 1

简单解决方案，使用相关子选择返回大于或等于当前行时间的最小EV-5时间。（对于除EV-1之外的所有事件，都有一个case表达式。）

select t1.*, case when t1.event <> 'EV-1' then (select min(t2.TIME) from dataTable t2
                                                where t2.event = 'EV-5'
                                                  and t2.TIME >= t1.time)
             end as endTime
from dataTable t1

或者，如果可以使用id，请执行自我（左）联接：

select t1.*, case when t1.event <> 'EV-1' then t2.TIME
             end as endTime
from dataTable t1
  left join dataTable t2 on t1.id = t2.id and t2.event = 'EV-5'

（left join如果需要，还可以返回没有任何EV-5的ID。）

Answer 2

@ jarhl的DBMS支持SQL Server 2014等窗口化聚合函数的逻辑：

SELECT t.*,
   CASE
     WHEN EVENT <> 'EV-1' 
     THEN MIN(CASE WHEN EVENT = 'EV-5' THEN TIME end) 
          OVER (PARTITION BY ID -- maybe not needed 
                ORDER BY TIME
                ROWS BETWEEN CURRENT ROW AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING)
   END AA endTime
FROM tablename AS t1

Answer 3

将ID列更正为实际ID，请尝试

IF (SELECT OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#Events')) IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
    DROP TABLE #Events
END

CREATE TABLE #Events (ID INT,EventTime datetime, eventName varchar(4))
INSERT INTO #Events
VALUES        
(1, '2016-03-21 12:30:00.000','EV-1'),
(1, '2016-03-21 12:30:30.000','EV-2'),
(1, '2016-03-21 12:33:00.000','EV-3'),
(1, '2016-03-21 12:33:00.000','EV-4'),
(1, '2016-03-21 12:33:45.000','EV-5'),
(2, '2016-03-21 12:33:50.000','EV-1'),
(2, '2016-03-21 12:33:55.000','EV-2'),
(2, '2016-03-21 12:35:15.000','EV-3'),
(2, '2016-03-21 12:35:15.000','EV-4'),
(2, '2016-03-21 12:40:20.000','EV-5'),
(3, '2016-03-21 12:40:50.000','EV-1'),
(3, '2016-03-21 12:41:25.000','EV-2'),
(3, '2016-03-21 12:41:25.000','EV-3'),
(3, '2016-03-21 12:42:13.000','EV-4'),
(3, '2016-03-21 12:47:35.000','EV-5')
;
WITH cteEvent AS
(
    SELECT ID, EventTime AS startTime,en.endTime
    FROM #Events e
    CROSS APPLY (
                    SELECT EventName,EventTime AS endTime 
                    FROM #Events e2 
                    WHERE e2.ID = e.id AND CAST(RIGHT(e2.eventname,1) AS INT) = 5) as en
    WHERE e.EventName = 'EV-1'
)
SELECT c.id,eventName,startTime,
    CASE 
        WHEN eventName = 'EV-1' 
        THEN NULL
        ELSE endTime
    END  AS endTime
FROM cteEvent c
LEFT JOIN #Events e ON c.id = e.id

查询以从每个组的组中获取最大时间

3 个答案: