如何在Java中获得真正的字符串高度?

时间:2008-12-15 13:02:22

标签: java fonts awt

我正在使用FontMetrics.getHeight()来获取字符串的高度,但是它给了我一个错误的值,切断了字符串字符的下降。我可以使用更好的功能吗?

5 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:19)

以下getStringBounds()方法基于当前GlyphVector字体的Graphics2D,该字体适用于一行文字字符串:

public class StringBoundsPanel extends JPanel
{
    public StringBoundsPanel()
    {
        setBackground(Color.white);
        setPreferredSize(new Dimension(400, 247));
    }

    @Override
    protected void paintComponent(Graphics g)
    {
        super.paintComponent(g);

        Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) g;

        g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,
                            RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);

        // must be called before getStringBounds()
        g2.setFont(getDesiredFont());

        String str = "My Text";
        float x = 140, y = 128;

        Rectangle bounds = getStringBounds(g2, str, x, y);

        g2.setColor(Color.red);
        g2.drawString(str, x, y);

        g2.setColor(Color.blue);
        g2.draw(bounds);

        g2.dispose();
    }

    private Rectangle getStringBounds(Graphics2D g2, String str,
                                      float x, float y)
    {
        FontRenderContext frc = g2.getFontRenderContext();
        GlyphVector gv = g2.getFont().createGlyphVector(frc, str);
        return gv.getPixelBounds(null, x, y);
    }

    private Font getDesiredFont()
    {
        return new Font(Font.SANS_SERIF, Font.BOLD, 28);
    }

    private void startUI()
    {
        JFrame frame = new JFrame();
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        frame.add(this);
        frame.pack();
        frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
    {
        final StringBoundsPanel tb = new StringBoundsPanel();

        SwingUtilities.invokeAndWait(new Runnable()
        {
            public void run()
            {
                tb.startUI();
            }
        });
    }
}

请注意,为清晰起见,我省略了导入。

结果:

Result screenshot.

答案 1 :(得分:12)

是什么让你认为它返回了错误的值?你对它返回的预期与规范不符的可能性要大得多。请注意,如果Font中的某些字形超过或低于这些值,则完全没问题。

getMaxDescent()getMaxAscent()应该告诉您字体中任何字形的那些字段的绝对最大值。

如果您想知道特定字符串的指标,那么您肯定想要致电getLineMetrics()

答案 2 :(得分:7)

答案 3 :(得分:3)

我最近编写了下面的代码,因为我需要对字体的特定范围进行像素完美高度测量(例如:所有较低字符或所有数字)。

如果你需要更快的代码(我的代码是循环),我建议在启动时运行一次以获取数组中的所有值(例如1到100),然后使用数组。

代码基本上从输入字符串中的所有字符绘制在250x250位图重叠的相同位置(如果需要增加或减少),它开始从顶部查找像素,然后从底部查找像素,然后返回找到的最大高度。它适用于普通字符串,即使它是为字符范围设计的。这意味着在评估常规字符串时存在一种冗余,因为某些字符会重复出现。因此,如果您的输入字符串超过字母数(26),请使用'tRange'inmput:“abcd ... z”和其他可能使用的字符。它更快。

希望有所帮助。

public int getFontPixelHeight(float inSize, Paint sourcePaint, String tRange)
{
    // It is assumed that the font is already set in the sourcePaint

    int bW = 250, bH = 250;                                     // bitmap's width and height
    int firstContact = -1, lastContact = -2;                    // Used when scanning the pixel rows. Initial values are set so that if no pixels found, the returned result is zero.
    int tX = (int)(bW - inSize)/2, tY = (int)(bH - inSize)/2;   // Used for a rough centering of the displayed characters

    int tSum = 0;

    // Preserve the original paint attributes
    float oldSize = sourcePaint.getTextSize();
    int oldColor = sourcePaint.getColor();
    // Set the size/color
    sourcePaint.setTextSize(inSize); sourcePaint.setColor(Color.WHITE);

    // Create the temporary bitmap/canvas
    Bitmap.Config bConf = Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888;
    Bitmap hld = Bitmap.createBitmap(250, 250, bConf);
    Canvas canv = new Canvas(hld);

    for (int i = 0; i < bH; i++)
    {
        for (int j = 0; j < bW; j++)
        {
            hld.setPixel(j, i, 0); // Zero all pixel values. This might seem redundant, but I am not quite sure that creating a blank bitmap means the pixel color value is indeed zero, and I need them to be zero so the addition performed below is correct.
        }
    }

    // Display all characters overlapping at the same position
    for (int i = 0; i < tRange.length(); i++)
    {
        canv.drawText("" + tRange.charAt(i), tX, tY, sourcePaint);
    }

    for (int i = 0; i < bH; i++)
    {
        for (int j = 0; j < bW; j++)
        {
            tSum = tSum + hld.getPixel(j, i);
        }

        if (tSum > 0) // If we found at least a pixel, save row index and exit loop
        {
            firstContact = i;
            tSum = 0;   // Reset
            break;
        }   
    }

    for (int i = bH - 1; i > 0 ; i--)
    {
        for (int j = 0; j < bW; j++)
        {
            tSum = tSum + hld.getPixel(j, i);
        }

        if (tSum > 0) // If we found at least a pixel, save row index and exit loop
        {
            lastContact = i;
            break;
        }   
    }

    // Restore the initial attributes, just in case the paint was passed byRef somehow
    sourcePaint.setTextSize(oldSize);
    sourcePaint.setColor(oldColor);

    return lastContact - firstContact + 1;
}

答案 4 :(得分:2)

getHeight()无法切断字符串的下延,只能绘制字符串就可以做到。您正在使用从getHeight返回的高度以某种方式绘制字符串,并且您可能误用了高度。例如,如果将字符串的起点定位在getHeight()为高的框的底部,则文本的基线将位于框的下边缘,并且很可能会剪切下延器。

文本几何是一个复杂的主题,注入了奇异的历史文物。正如其他人所建议的那样,使用getAscentgetDescent尝试将基线正确放置在您的框内。