在anaconda3中安装openCV - Python.h：没有这样的文件或目录

时间：2016-04-23 18:17:35

标签： python python-3.x opencv anaconda

我正在尝试为我的anaconda3安装构建opencv 3.1.0，而我的构建失败了：

[ 94%] Building CXX object modules/python3/CMakeFiles/opencv_python3.dir/__/src2/cv2.cpp.o
/home/mikel/Soft/opencv/modules/python/src2/cv2.cpp:6:20: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory
compilation terminated.

我在两个版本中使用git checkout 3.1.0克隆了版本3.1.0的opencv和opencv-contrib，我正在尝试构建~/Soft/opencv/build ~/Soft/opencv-contrib中的opencv-contrib。我用i7-4960X运行Ubuntu GNOME 15.10。

我的主要目标是在我的anaconda3安装中使opencv工作，所以我的cmake命令如下：

cmake \
 -D  CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE \
 -D  CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local \
 -D  INSTALL_C_EXAMPLES=OFF \
 -D  INSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES=ON \
 -D  OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=~/Soft/opencv_contrib/modules \
 -D  PYTHON3_EXECUTABLE=/home/mikel/anaconda3/bin/python3.5 \
 -D  PYTHON3_INCLUDE_DIR=/home/mikel/anaconda3/include/ \
 -D  PYTHON3_LIBRARY=/home/mikel/anaconda3/lib/libpython3.5m.so \
 -D  PYTHON3_PACKAGES_PATH=/home/mikel/anaconda3/lib/python3.5/site-packages/ \
 -D  PYTHON3_NUMPY_INCLUDE_DIRS=/home/mikel/anaconda3/lib/python3.5/site-packages/numpy/core/include \
 -D  PYTHON_DEFAULT_AVAILABLE=/home/mikel/anaconda3/bin/python3.5 \
 -D  BUILD_EXAMPLES=ON ..

我的cmake命令的输出在这里：http://pastebin.com/qtd1wyMb - 就我所见，一切都还可以。

然后我运行make -j12来安装opencv并在几次警告之后运行正常，直到94％，我得到以下输出：

Scanning dependencies of target opencv_python3
[ 94%] Building CXX object modules/python3/CMakeFiles/opencv_python3.dir/__/src2/cv2.cpp.o
/home/mikel/Soft/opencv/modules/python/src2/cv2.cpp:6:20: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory
compilation terminated.
modules/python3/CMakeFiles/opencv_python3.dir/build.make:278: recipe for target 'modules/python3/CMakeFiles/opencv_python3.dir/__/src2/cv2.cpp.o' failed
make[2]: *** [modules/python3/CMakeFiles/opencv_python3.dir/__/src2/cv2.cpp.o] Error 1
CMakeFiles/Makefile2:18929: recipe for target 'modules/python3/CMakeFiles/opencv_python3.dir/all' failed
make[1]: *** [modules/python3/CMakeFiles/opencv_python3.dir/all] Error 2
make[1]: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....
[ 94%] Building CXX object modules/stitching/CMakeFiles/opencv_perf_stitching.dir/perf/perf_main.cpp.o
[ 94%] Built target opencv_test_optflow
[ 94%] [ 94%] Building CXX object samples/cpp/CMakeFiles/cpp-tutorial-pnp_registration.dir/tutorial_code/calib3d/real_time_pose_estimation/src/CsvWriter.cpp.o
Building CXX object samples/cpp/CMakeFiles/cpp-tutorial-pnp_detection.dir/tutorial_code/calib3d/real_time_pose_estimation/src/CsvReader.cpp.o
[ 94%] [ 94%] Building CXX object samples/cpp/CMakeFiles/cpp-tutorial-pnp_registration.dir/tutorial_code/calib3d/real_time_pose_estimation/src/ModelRegistration.cpp.o
Building CXX object modules/stitching/CMakeFiles/opencv_test_stitching.dir/test/ocl/test_warpers.cpp.o
[ 94%] Building CXX object modules/stitching/CMakeFiles/opencv_perf_stitching.dir/perf/opencl/perf_stitch.cpp.o
Linking CXX executable ../../bin/cpp-example-bgfg_segm
Linking CXX executable ../../bin/cpp-example-autofocus
[ 94%] Building CXX object samples/cpp/CMakeFiles/cpp-tutorial-pnp_detection.dir/tutorial_code/calib3d/real_time_pose_estimation/src/CsvWriter.cpp.o
[ 94%] Building CXX object samples/cpp/CMakeFiles/cpp-tutorial-pnp_detection.dir/tutorial_code/calib3d/real_time_pose_estimation/src/ModelRegistration.cpp.o
[ 94%] Linking CXX executable ../../bin/opencv_test_tracking
Building CXX object samples/cpp/CMakeFiles/cpp-tutorial-pnp_registration.dir/tutorial_code/calib3d/real_time_pose_estimation/src/Mesh.cpp.o
[ 94%] Built target example_bgfg_segm
[ 94%] [ 94%] Built target example_autofocus
Building CXX object samples/cpp/CMakeFiles/cpp-tutorial-pnp_registration.dir/tutorial_code/calib3d/real_time_pose_estimation/src/Model.cpp.o
[ 94%] [ 94%] Building CXX object samples/cpp/CMakeFiles/cpp-tutorial-pnp_registration.dir/tutorial_code/calib3d/real_time_pose_estimation/src/Utils.cpp.o
Building CXX object samples/cpp/CMakeFiles/cpp-tutorial-pnp_registration.dir/tutorial_code/calib3d/real_time_pose_estimation/src/PnPProblem.cpp.o
[ 94%] Building CXX object samples/cpp/CMakeFiles/cpp-tutorial-pnp_detection.dir/tutorial_code/calib3d/real_time_pose_estimation/src/Mesh.cpp.o
[ 94%] Built target opencv_test_tracking
[ 94%] Building CXX object samples/cpp/CMakeFiles/cpp-tutorial-pnp_detection.dir/tutorial_code/calib3d/real_time_pose_estimation/src/Model.cpp.o
[ 94%] Building CXX object samples/cpp/CMakeFiles/cpp-tutorial-pnp_detection.dir/tutorial_code/calib3d/real_time_pose_estimation/src/PnPProblem.cpp.o
[ 94%] Building CXX object samples/cpp/CMakeFiles/cpp-tutorial-pnp_detection.dir/tutorial_code/calib3d/real_time_pose_estimation/src/Utils.cpp.o
[ 94%] Building CXX object samples/cpp/CMakeFiles/cpp-tutorial-pnp_registration.dir/tutorial_code/calib3d/real_time_pose_estimation/src/RobustMatcher.cpp.o
[ 94%] Building CXX object samples/cpp/CMakeFiles/cpp-tutorial-pnp_detection.dir/tutorial_code/calib3d/real_time_pose_estimation/src/RobustMatcher.cpp.o
[ 94%] Building CXX object modules/stitching/CMakeFiles/opencv_perf_stitching.dir/perf/opencl/perf_warpers.cpp.o
Linking CXX executable ../../bin/cpp-example-3calibration
[ 94%] Building CXX object modules/stitching/CMakeFiles/opencv_test_stitching.dir/test/test_main.cpp.o
[ 94%] Built target example_3calibration
Linking CXX executable ../../bin/opencv_test_stitching
[ 94%] Built target opencv_test_stitching
Linking CXX executable ../../bin/cpp-tutorial-pnp_registration
[ 94%] Built target cpp-tutorial-pnp_registration
Linking CXX executable ../../bin/cpp-tutorial-pnp_detection
[ 94%] Built target cpp-tutorial-pnp_detection
Linking CXX executable ../../bin/opencv_perf_stitching
[ 94%] Built target opencv_perf_stitching
Makefile:146: recipe for target 'all' failed
make: *** [all] Error 2

make的完整输出供参考：http://pastebin.com/1zNgsckZ

看起来我的问题是因为我使用anaconda3路径而不是标准的python3路径，它再也找不到Python.h了。但是，当我使用系统python3安装时，我无法将opencv导入我需要它的anaconda。

我安装了python3-dev和python-dev，所以Python.h应该在我的机器上。为了使openCV找到Python.h，我需要更改什么？

编辑：我发现Anaconda3的Python.h位于anaconda3 / include / python3.5m /所以我设置PYTHON3_INCLUDE_DIR=anaconda3/include/python3.5m/现在我得到了一个不同的错误：< / p> 

Scanning dependencies of target opencv_python3
Linking CXX executable ../../bin/opencv_test_optflow
[ 91%] Building CXX object modules/python3/CMakeFiles/opencv_python3.dir/__/src2/cv2.cpp.o
In file included from /home/mikel/Soft/opencv/build/modules/python3/pyopencv_generated_include.h:11:0,
                 from /home/mikel/Soft/opencv/modules/python/src2/cv2.cpp:12:
/home/mikel/Soft/opencv_contrib/modules/hdf/include/opencv2/hdf/hdf5.hpp:40:18: fatal error: hdf5.h: No such file or directory
compilation terminated.
modules/python3/CMakeFiles/opencv_python3.dir/build.make:278: recipe for target 'modules/python3/CMakeFiles/opencv_python3.dir/__/src2/cv2.cpp.o' failed
make[2]: *** [modules/python3/CMakeFiles/opencv_python3.dir/__/src2/cv2.cpp.o] Error 1
CMakeFiles/Makefile2:18929: recipe for target 'modules/python3/CMakeFiles/opencv_python3.dir/all' failed
make[1]: *** [modules/python3/CMakeFiles/opencv_python3.dir/all] Error 2
make[1]: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分：9)

我解决了这个问题。问题是PYTHON3_INCLUDE_DIR设置为~/anaconda3/include，而Anaconda的Python.h实际上位于~/anaconda3/include/python3.5m内。设置PYTHON3_INCLUDE_DIR=anaconda3/include/python3.5m/修复了这个问题，因为它现在看到了Python.h

然而，这导致另一个问题，其中一些.h文件，如hdf5.h和H5public.h不再对OpenCV可见，因为它们位于主anaconda3 / include /目录中，而不是在子文件夹中。

解决方案是将所有.h文件从include/目录复制到include/python3.5m目录（将两者的内容复制到另一个目录中并将其设置为路径也工作）以便所有.h文件都在编译器可见的同一文件夹中。 OpenCV现在正在构建！

答案 1 :(得分：1)

通过在配置 cmake 之前设置 CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH 变量解决

export CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH=$(python -c "from distutils.sysconfig import get_python_inc; print(get_python_inc())")

然后将cmake配置为

cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE \
-D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local \
-D INSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES=ON \
-D INSTALL_C_EXAMPLES=OFF \
-D WITH_TBB=ON \
-D WITH_CUDA=ON \
-D BUILD_opencv_cudacodec=OFF \
-D ENABLE_FAST_MATH=1 \
-D CUDA_FAST_MATH=1 \
-D WITH_CUBLAS=1 \
-D WITH_V4L=ON \
-D WITH_QT=OFF \
-D WITH_OPENGL=ON \
-D WITH_GSTREAMER=ON \
-D OPENCV_GENERATE_PKGCONFIG=ON \
-D OPENCV_PC_FILE_NAME=opencv.pc \
-D OPENCV_ENABLE_NONFREE=ON \
-D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=/home/udara/Documents/research/opencv/opencv-contrib-source/modules \
-D BUILD_EXAMPLES=ON \
-D HAVE_opencv_python3=ON \
-D OPENCV_PYTHON3_INSTALL_PATH=$(python -c "from distutils.sysconfig import get_python_lib; print(get_python_lib())") \
-D PYTHON3_PACKAGES_PATH=$(python -c "from distutils.sysconfig import get_python_lib; print(get_python_lib())") \
-D PYTHON_EXECUTABLE=$(which python) \
-D PYTHON_INCLUDE_DIR=$(python -c "from distutils.sysconfig import get_python_inc; print(get_python_inc())") \
-D PYTHON_LIBRARY=/home/udara/anaconda3/envs/jupyter/lib/libpython3.so ../opencv-source

文件夹结构

├── build
├── opencv-contrib-source
└── opencv-source
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