Question

我正在尝试使用以下数据读取文件

Et1, Arista2, Ethernet1
Et2, Arista2, Ethernet2
Ma1, Arista2, Management1

我需要将文件替换Et替换为Ethernet，将Ma替换为Management。在它们的末尾，数字应该是相同的。实际输出应如下

Ethernet1, Arista2, Ethernet1
Ethernet2, Arista2, Ethernet2
Management1, Arista2, Management1

我尝试使用正则表达式的代码，我能够解析所有Et1，Et2和Ma1。但无法取代它们。

import re
with open('test.txt','r') as fin:
       for line in fin:
       data = re.findall(r'\A[A-Z][a-z]\Z\d[0-9]*', line)
       print(data)

输出看起来像这样..

['Et1'] 
['Et2'] 
['Ma1']

Answer 1

import re

#to avoid compile in each iteration
re_et = re.compile(r'^Et(\d+),')
re_ma = re.compile(r'^Ma(\d+),')

with open('test.txt') as fin:
    for line in fin:
        data = re_et.sub('Ethernet\g<1>,', line.strip())
        data = re_ma.sub('Management\g<1>,', data)
        print(data)

Answer 2

这个例子遵循Joseph Farah的建议

    import csv
    file_name = 'data.csv'
    output_file_name = "corrected_data.csv"

    data = []
    with open(file_name, "rb") as csvfile:
        reader = csv.reader(csvfile, delimiter=',')
        for row in reader:
            data.append(row)

    corrected_data = []
    for row in data:
        tmp_row = []
        for col in row:
            if 'Et' in col and not "Ethernet" in col:
                col = col.replace("Et", "Ethernet")
            elif 'Ma' in col and not "Management" in col:
                col = col.replace("Ma", "Management")
            tmp_row.append(col)
        corrected_data.append(tmp_row)

    with open(output_file_name, "wb") as csvfile:
        writer = csv.writer(csvfile, delimiter=',')
        for row in corrected_data:
            writer.writerow(row)        

    print data

Answer 3

以下是您应采取的步骤：

阅读文件中的每一行
使用评论作为分隔符
使用str.replace()将字符替换为您想要的字词;请记住，任何说＆＃34; Et＆＃34; （包括＃34;以太网＆＃34;这个词的开头）将被替换，所以请记住这一点。 Ma和管理层也是如此。
将其重新放回一个大列表，然后将其放回file.write()的文件中。您可能必须覆盖原始文件。

Python读取文件替换单词中的字符串

3 个答案: