说我有以下数据：
select 1 id, 'A' name, '2007' year, '04' month, 5 sales from dual union all
select 2 id, 'A' name, '2007' year, '05' month, 2 sales from dual union all
select 3 id, 'B' name, '2008' year, '12' month, 3 sales from dual union all
select 4 id, 'B' name, '2009' year, '12' month, 56 sales from dual union all
select 5 id, 'C' name, '2009' year, '08' month, 89 sales from dual union all
select 13 id,'B' name, '2016' year, '01' month, 10 sales from dual union all
select 14 id,'A' name, '2016' year, '02' month, 8 sales from dual union all
select 15 id,'D' name, '2016' year, '03' month, 12 sales from dual union all
select 16 id,'E' name, '2016' year, '04' month, 34 sales from dual
我想累计累计所有年份及其各自期间（月份）的所有销售额。输出应如下所示：
name year month sale opening bal closing bal
A 2007 04 5 0 5
A 2007 05 2 5 7
B 2008 12 3 12 15
A 2008 04 0 5 5 -- to be generated
A 2008 05 0 7 7 -- to be generated
B 2009 12 56 15 71
C 2009 08 89 71 160
A 2009 04 0 5 5 -- to be generated
A 2009 05 0 7 7 -- to be generated
B 2016 01 10 278 288
B 2016 12 0 71 71 -- to be generated
A 2016 02 8 288 296
A 2016 04 0 5 5 -- to be generated
A 2016 05 0 7 7 -- to be generated
D 2016 03 12 296 308
E 2016 04 34 308 342
C 2016 08 0 160 160 -- to be generated
期初余额是上个月的期末余额，如果进入下一年，则明年的期初余额是上一年的期末余额。它应该能够在接下来的几年里像这样工作。我有这部分工作。但是，我不知道如何绕过2008年存在的2009年缺席。例如，密钥A，2008,04以及A，2008,05在2009年不存在且代码应该能够添加它像2009年一样。同样适用于其他年份和月份。
我正在研究Oracle 12c。
提前致谢。
答案 0 :(得分：1)
这是我能得到的最接近你的结果，虽然我发现它并不完全匹配。例如，您的期初余额看起来不正确（12的期初余额来自id = 3的输出行？）。无论如何，希望以下内容能够让您根据需要进行修改：
with sample_data as (select 1 id, 'A' name, '2007' year, '04' month, 5 sales from dual union all
select 2 id, 'A' name, '2007' year, '05' month, 2 sales from dual union all
select 3 id, 'B' name, '2008' year, '12' month, 3 sales from dual union all
select 4 id, 'B' name, '2009' year, '12' month, 56 sales from dual union all
select 5 id, 'C' name, '2009' year, '08' month, 89 sales from dual union all
select 13 id, 'B' name, '2016' year, '01' month, 10 sales from dual union all
select 14 id, 'A' name, '2016' year, '02' month, 8 sales from dual union all
select 15 id, 'D' name, '2016' year, '03' month, 12 sales from dual union all
select 16 id, 'E' name, '2016' year, '04' month, 34 sales from dual),
dts as (select distinct year
from sample_data),
res as (select sd.name,
dts.year,
sd.month,
nvl(sd.sales, 0) sales,
min(sd.year) over (partition by sd.name, sd.month) min_year_per_name_month,
sum(nvl(sd.sales, 0)) over (partition by name order by to_date(dts.year||'-'||sd.month, 'yyyy-mm')) - nvl(sd.sales, 0) as opening,
sum(nvl(sd.sales, 0)) over (partition by name order by to_date(dts.year||'-'||sd.month, 'yyyy-mm')) as closing
from dts
left outer join sample_data sd partition by (sd.name, sd.month) on (sd.year = dts.year))
select name,
year,
month,
sales,
opening,
closing
from res
where (opening != 0 or closing != 0)
and year >= min_year_per_name_month
order by to_date(year||'-'||month, 'yyyy-mm'),
name;
NAME YEAR MONTH SALES OPENING CLOSING
---- ---- ----- ---------- ---------- ----------
A 2007 04 5 0 5
A 2007 05 2 5 7
A 2008 04 0 7 7
A 2008 05 0 7 7
B 2008 12 3 0 3
A 2009 04 0 7 7
A 2009 05 0 7 7
C 2009 08 89 0 89
B 2009 12 56 3 59
B 2016 01 10 59 69
A 2016 02 8 7 15
D 2016 03 12 0 12
A 2016 04 0 15 15
E 2016 04 34 0 34
A 2016 05 0 15 15
C 2016 08 0 89 89
B 2016 12 0 69 69
我已使用Partition Outer Join链接表中的任何月份和名称组合（在我的查询中，sample_data子查询 - 您不需要该子查询，您只需使用您的表相反！）到同一张表中的任何一年，然后计算期初/期末余额。然后我丢弃任何开头和期末余额为0的行。
答案 1 :(得分：1)
@boneists方法的变体，从CTE中的样本数据开始：
with t as (
select 1 id, 'A' name, '2007' year, '04' month, 5 sales from dual union all
select 2 id, 'A' name, '2007' year, '05' month, 2 sales from dual union all
select 3 id, 'B' name, '2008' year, '12' month, 3 sales from dual union all
select 4 id, 'B' name, '2009' year, '12' month, 56 sales from dual union all
select 5 id, 'C' name, '2009' year, '08' month, 89 sales from dual union all
select 13 id,'B' name, '2016' year, '01' month, 10 sales from dual union all
select 14 id,'A' name, '2016' year, '02' month, 8 sales from dual union all
select 15 id,'D' name, '2016' year, '03' month, 12 sales from dual union all
select 16 id,'E' name, '2016' year, '04' month, 34 sales from dual
),
y (year, rnk) as (
select year, dense_rank() over (order by year)
from (select distinct year from t)
),
r (name, year, month, sales, rnk) as (
select t.name, t.year, t.month, t.sales, y.rnk
from t
join y on y.year = t.year
union all
select r.name, y.year, r.month, 0, y.rnk
from y
join r on r.rnk = y.rnk - 1
where not exists (
select 1 from t where t.year = y.year and t.month = r.month and t.name = r.name
)
)
select name, year, month, sales,
nvl(sum(sales) over (partition by name order by year, month
rows between unbounded preceding and 1 preceding), 0) as opening_bal,
nvl(sum(sales) over (partition by name order by year, month
rows between unbounded preceding and current row), 0) as closing_bal
from r
order by year, month, name;
虽然它也与问题中的预期结果不匹配，但结果也相同：
NAME YEAR MONTH SALES OPENING_BAL CLOSING_BAL
---- ---- ----- ---------- ----------- -----------
A 2007 04 5 0 5
A 2007 05 2 5 7
A 2008 04 0 7 7
A 2008 05 0 7 7
B 2008 12 3 0 3
A 2009 04 0 7 7
A 2009 05 0 7 7
C 2009 08 89 0 89
B 2009 12 56 3 59
B 2016 01 10 59 69
A 2016 02 8 7 15
D 2016 03 12 0 12
A 2016 04 0 15 15
E 2016 04 34 0 34
A 2016 05 0 15 15
C 2016 08 0 89 89
B 2016 12 0 69 69
y CTE（随意使用更有意义的名字！）从您的原始数据中生成所有不同的年份，并且还添加了排名，因此2007年是1，2008年是2,2009是3，并且2016年是4。
r递归CTE根据前几年的名称/月份数据，将您的实际数据与零销售的虚拟行组合在一起。
从递归CTE产生的内容中，您可以使用分析累积总和来添加期初/期末余额。这是使用窗口子句来决定要包含哪些销售值 - 基本上是期初和期末余额是到目前为止所有值的总和，但是开盘并不包括当前行。