Question

我有一个以下格式的文本文件。

03/12 20:23:26.11: 04:23:26 L9 <Mx  Acc  Magnum All            XDV:00111A0000000117 00D3001200870172 01FF6000F01CFE81 3D26000000000300
03/12 20:23:26.11: 04:23:26 L9 <Mx  Acc  MID 0x1500 Len 26   XDV:00111A0000000117 00D3001200870172 01FF6000F01CFE81 3D26000000000300
03/12 20:23:26.11: 04:23:26 L8 <Mx  JK31 (Mx)                  JSP:17.37.6.99: Size = 166, Data: 00345C4101003031 E463EF0113108701 5A01FF6008F01CFE 81AB170000000003 EF01131087015A01 FF6008F01CFE81AB 170000000003EF01 131087015B01FF60 00F01CFE81701B00 00000003EF011310 87015B01FF6000F0 1CFE81701B000000 0003EF0113108701 5C01FF2000F01CFE 81CB240000000003 EF01131087015C01 57CC00F01CFE81CB 240000000003EF01 131087015D01FF20 00F01CFE815B2900 00000003EF011310 87015D01FF2000F0 1CFE815B29000000 0003EF0113108701 5E01FF6000F01CFE 819D280000000003 EF01131087015E01 FF6000F01CFE819D 0003
03/15 20:23:26.11: 04:23:26 L8 <Kx  JK49 (Kx)                  JSP:15.33.2.93: Size = 163, Data: 00647741000030EF 01131087015A01FF 6008F01CFE81AB17 0000000003EF0113 1087015A01FF6008 F01CFE81AB170000 000003EF01131087 015B01FF6000F01C FE81701B00000000 03EF01131087015B 01FF6000F01CFE81 701B0000000003EF 01131087015C01FF 2000F01CFE81CB24 0000000003EF0113 1087015C01FF2000 F01CFE81CB240000 000003EF01131087 015D01FF2000F01C FE815B2900000000 03EF01131087015D 01FF2000F01CFE81 5B290000000003EF 01131087015E01FF 6000F01CFE819D28 0000000003EF0113 1087015E01FF6000 F01CFE819D280000 A6220000000003
03/15 20:23:26.11: 04:23:26 L8 <Kx  JK21 (Kx)                  JSP:10.22.1.53:Size = 163, Data: 009D1141000030EF 01131087015A01FF 6008F01CFE81AB17 0000000003EF0113 1087015A01FF6008 F01CFE81AB170000 000003EF01131087 015B01FF6000F01C FE81701B00000000 03EF01131087015B 01FF6000F01CFE81 701B0000000003EF 01131087015C01FF 2000F01CFE81CB24 0000000003EF0113 1087015C01FF2000 F01CFE81CB240000 000003EF01131087 015D01FF2000F01C FE815B2900000000 03EF01131087015D 01FF2000F01CFE81 5B290000000003EF 01131087015E01FF 6000F01CFE819D28 0000000003EF0113 1087015E01FF6000 F01CFE819D280000 A6220000000003

我想逐行提取文件应用过滤器。例如，我想提取其中包含L8 <Mx JK31 (Mx)的所有行，提取时间（04:23:26）和大小（ 166）并绘制大小随时间变化的图表。我想在python中这样做。

# !/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

match = ("L8 <Mx JK31 (Mx)")

with open("test.txt") as fin:
    print(' : {}', fin.name)
    for line in fin:
        if match in line:
            print(line)

我能够提取具有预期文本的所有行。（if match in line:）。如何在python中提取时间字段和大小字段？

Answer 1

你像这样提取时间和大小：

# !/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

match = ("L8 <Mx JK31 (Mx)")
with open("test.txt") as fin:
    print(' : {}', fin.name)
    for line in fin:
        if match in line:
            line = line.strip.split()
            time = line[2]
            size = line[9].strip(",")

Answer 2

您还可以使用正则表达式，以便进行更精确的匹配：

m = re.search(r':\s(\d\d:\d\d:\d\d) L8 \<Mx\s+JK31 \(Mx\).*Size = (\d+),', line)
if m:
    # found match
    print('Time: {}'.format(m.group(1)))
    print('Size: {}'.format(m.group(2)))
# else:
    # pattern was not found: handle it or error

Answer 3

在不使用其他模块的情况下扩展您的方法，以下解决方案可以工作：

match = "L8 <Mx  JK31 (Mx)"

with open("test.txt") as fin:
    print(' : {}', fin.name)
    for line in fin:
        if match in line:
            print(line)
            sizeStart = line.find("Size = ")
            sizeEnd = line[sizeStart:].find(',')
            size =  line[sizeStart+len("Size = "):sizeStart+sizeEnd]


            time1_start = line.find(" ")
            time1_end = line[time1_start+1:].find(" ")
            time1 = line[time1_start+1:time1_start+time1_end]

            print size, time1

同样，你可以得到时间2。我最大限度地减少了对re模块的依赖，因为我必须习惯这种神秘的语法。更具可读性是值得争论的。

从python中的文本文件中过滤和提取字段

3 个答案: