Haskell函数检查数字是否为奇数,而不使用奇数函数

时间:2016-04-13 09:12:42

标签: haskell list-comprehension ghc pattern-guards

任何人都可以帮助我吗?我正在尝试编写一个函数来检查x是否为奇数,而不使用奇函数。 像这样它不起作用,但我不知道为什么。

   ugerade :: Integral a => a -> Bool
   ugerade x
    |x elem oddList  = True
    |otherwise = False
    where
     oddList=[x | x<-[1,3..]]

错误

    Could not deduce (Num t0) arising from the literal ‘1’
from the context (Integral a)
  bound by the type signature for ugerade :: Integral a => a -> Bool
  at /Users/Mauritius/Desktop/Haskell/u02/2-2/funktionen.hs:24:11-33
The type variable ‘t0’ is ambiguous
Relevant bindings include
  oddList :: [t0]
    (bound at /Users/Mauritius/Desktop/Haskell/u02/2-2/funktionen.hs:29:4)
Note: there are several potential instances:
  instance Integral a => Num (GHC.Real.Ratio a)
    -- Defined in ‘GHC.Real’
  instance Num Integer -- Defined in ‘GHC.Num’
  instance Num Double -- Defined in ‘GHC.Float’
  ...plus three others
In the expression: 1
In the expression: [1, 3 .. ]
In a stmt of a list comprehension: x <- [1, 3 .. ]

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:4)

问题出在

x elem oddList

应该说

elem x oddList

因为elem是函数elem :: Eq a => a -> [a] -> Bool

x `elem` oddList

您正在使用反引号来指示中缀函数应用程序。

请注意,您的功能无法按预期工作。对于奇数,它最终将返回True(尽管大型参数需要很长时间)但是对于偶数,它将永远不会返回,因为该函数无法证明偶数在永远不在列表中{{1} }。

另请注意写作

oddList

是多余的,你可以写

oddList = [ x | x <- [1,3..] ]

相反,也写作

oddList = [1,3..]

是多余的,你可以写

f x | x `elem` oddList = True
    | otherwise        = False

甚至

f x = x `elem` oddList

f x = x `elem` [1,3..]