我正在尝试为名为search_ldap()
的函数编写单元测试,该函数在给定特定用户名的LDAP服务器中搜索。以下是utils.py
中的函数定义(注意:我使用Python 3):
from ldap3 import Server, Connection
def search_ldap(username):
result = ()
baseDN = "o=Universiteit van Tilburg,c=NL"
searchFilter = '(uid={})'.format(username)
attributes = ['givenName', 'cn', 'employeeNumber', 'mail']
try:
server = Server('ldap.example.com', use_ssl=True)
conn = Connection(server, auto_bind=True)
conn.search(baseDN, searchFilter, attributes=attributes)
for a in attributes:
result += (conn.response[0]['attributes'][a][0], )
except Exception:
raise LDAPError('Error in LDAP query')
return result
当然,我不想在测试期间实际连接到ldap.example.com
,因此我决定使用Python mock object library来模拟Server()
我的单元测试中有}和Connection()
个类。这是测试代码:
from unittest import mock
from django.test import TestCase
class LdapTest(TestCase):
@mock.patch('ldap3.Server')
@mock.patch('ldap3.Connection')
def test_search_ldap(self, mockConnection, mockServer):
from .utils import search_ldap
search_ldap('username')
self.assertTrue(mockServer.called)
self.assertTrue(mockConnection.called)
此测试只是断言模拟的Server和Connection对象是实例化的。但是,不要这样做,因为当我使用./manage.py test
运行测试时,我收到以下错误:
Creating test database for alias 'default'...
F.
======================================================================
FAIL: test_search_ldap (uvt_user.tests.LdapTest)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib/python3.4/unittest/mock.py", line 1142, in patched
return func(*args, **keywargs)
File "/home/jj/projects/autodidact/uvt_user/tests.py", line 28, in test_search_ldap
self.assertTrue(mockServer.called)
AssertionError: False is not true
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 2 tests in 0.030s
FAILED (failures=1)
Destroying test database for alias 'default'...
为什么我的测试失败了?如何成功模拟ldap3
的服务器和连接类?
答案 0 :(得分:0)
要模拟课程,你应该用必要的方法提供它的虚假实现。例如:
class FakeServer:
def call():
pass
class LdapTest(TestCase):
@mock.patch('ldap3.Server', FakeServer)
def test_search_ldap(self):
<do you checks here>
答案 1 :(得分:0)
使用patch()
,在命名空间中对象进行修补是很重要的。这在文档的Where to patch部分进行了解释。做
from ldap3 import Server
server = Server()
和
import ldap3
server = ldap3.Server()
在第一种情况下(也就是原始问题中的情况),名称“Server”属于当前模块。在第二种情况下,名称“Server”属于定义它的ldap3模块。以下Django unittest修补了正确的“服务器”和“连接”名称,应按预期工作:
from unittest import mock
from django.test import TestCase
class LdapTest(TestCase):
@mock.patch('appname.utils.Server')
@mock.patch('appname.utils.Connection')
def test_search_ldap(self, mockConnection, mockServer):
from .utils import search_ldap
search_ldap('username')
self.assertTrue(mockServer.called)
self.assertTrue(mockConnection.called)